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kami

See also: Appendix:Variations of "kami"
Languages (25)
English
Aklanon • Alangan • Amis • Bikol Central • Cebuano • French • Hanunoo • Hiligaynon • Iban • Indonesian • Inonhan • Japanese • Javanese • Malay • Mansaka • Maranao • Musi • Ratagnon • Sakizaya • Serbo-Croatian • Tagalog • Tausug • West Albay Bikol • Yogad
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English

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English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia
 
A painting depicting Amaterasu, an important female kami in the Shinto religion.

Etymology 1

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Borrowed from Japanese 神 (kami, “god, spirit, deity”).

Noun

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kami (plural kamis or kami)

  1. (religion, Shinto) An animistic God or spirit in the Shinto religion of Japan.
  2. (philosophy) The metaphysical causal generator of motion, life, or divinish aura.
Translations
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Etymology 2

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English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia
 
Two sheets of kami for origami, and a traditional origami crane.

Borrowed from Japanese 紙 (kami, “paper”).

Noun

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kami (plural kami)

  1. (papercraft) A basic origami paper, usually printed with a colour or pattern on one side.
Translations
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Anagrams

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Aklanon

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Etymology

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From Proto-Austronesian *kami.

Pronoun

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kami

  1. we (exclusive)

Alangan

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Pronoun

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kamí

  1. we (exclusive of the person spoken to)

Amis

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Etymology

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From Proto-Austronesian *kami. Compare Malay kami (“we”).

Pronoun

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kami

  1. we (exclusive of the person spoken to)

See also

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Amis personal pronouns
Person Singular Plural
1st exclusive kako kami
inclusive – kita
2nd kiso kamo
3rd ciira caira


Bikol Central

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Etymology

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Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kami, from Proto-Austronesian *kami.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /kaˈmi/ [kaˈmi]
  • Hyphenation: ka‧mi

Pronoun

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kamí (Basahan spelling ᜃᜋᜒ)

  1. we (exclusive of the person spoken to)
    Nagtatrabaho kami sa sarong kompanya. Ika?
    We work at a company. You?

See also

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Bikol Central personal pronouns
Person Number Absolute (ang) Ergative (sa) Oblique (sa)
Length Full Short Full Short
First singular ako ko sakuya, sako, saako
plural inclusive kita nyato ta satuya, sato, saato
plural exclusive kami nyamo mi samuya, samo, kanamo, saamo
Second singular ika ka mo saimo, simo,kanimo
plural kamo nindo saindo, kaninyo, sainyo
Third singular siya, iya niya saiya, kaniya
plural sinda ninda sainda, kanila


Cebuano

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Pronunciation

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  • Hyphenation: ka‧mi
  • IPA(key): /kaˈmi/ [kɐˈmi]

Etymology 1

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Inherited from Proto-Austronesian *kami.

Pronoun

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kamí (Badlit spelling ᜃᜋᜒ)

  1. we; us (1st person plural exclusive absolutive form)
See also
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Cebuano personal pronouns
Person Number Direct Indirect (postposed) Indirect (preposed) Oblique
Length Full Short* Full Short** Base Suffixed -a Full Short
First singular akó ko nakò*** ko*** akò akoa kanakò nakò
plural inclusive kitá ta natò ta atò atoa kanatò natò
plural exclusive kamí mi namò amò amoa kanamò namò
Second singular ikáw ka nimo mo imo imoha kanimo nimo
plural kamó mo ninyo inyo inyoha kaninyo ninyo
Third singular siyá niya iya iyaha kaniya niya
plural silá nila ila ilaha kanila nila
*Forms under this column are placed after the verb or predicate they modify, and never used at the start of sentences
**Forms under this column are literary and rarely used colloquially.
***Ta is used over nako or ko where the object is a second-person singular pronoun.


Etymology 2

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Borrowed from Giangan kami.

Noun

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kamí (Badlit spelling ᜃᜋᜒ)

  1. (Davao) Indonesian cinnamon (Cinnamomum burmanni)

French

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Pronunciation

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  • Audio:(file)

Noun

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kami m (plural kami)

  1. kami (spirit)

Further reading

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Hanunoo

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Etymology

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From Proto-Austronesian *k-ami (“we (exclusive)”, 1pl. excl. nominative pronoun).

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /kaˈmi/ [kɐˈmi]
  • Rhymes: -i
  • Syllabification: ka‧mi

Pronoun

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kamí (Hanunoo spelling ᜣᜫᜲ)

  1. we; us (exclusive)

See also

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Hanunoo personal pronouns
Person Number Direct Indirect Oblique
First singular ako niko kangko, kang
plural inclusive kita nita kanta
plural exclusive kami nimi kanmi
Second singular kawo, ka nimo kanmo
plural kamo niyo kanyo
Third singular siya niya kanya
plural sida nida kanda

Further reading

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  • Conklin, Harold C. (1953) Hanunóo-English Vocabulary (University of California Publications in Linguistics), volume 9, London, England: University of California Press, →OCLC, page 138
  • Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*ami”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI

Hiligaynon

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Etymology

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Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kami, from Proto-Austronesian *kami.

Pronunciation

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  • Hyphenation: ka‧mi
  • IPA(key): /kaˈmi/ [kaˈmi]

Pronoun

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kamí

  1. we (exclusive)

Iban

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Etymology

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From Proto-Malayic *kami, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kami, from Proto-Austronesian *kami.

Pronunciation

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Pronoun

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kami

  1. we (exclusive)

Indonesian

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Etymology

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Inherited from Malay kami, from Proto-Malayic *kami, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kami, from Proto-Austronesian *kami.

Pronunciation

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Pronoun

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kami

  1. First person plural exclusive (not including you) personal pronoun: we, us, our
    Kami akan mengajarkan adik-adik tentang kebersihan.
    We will teach you about hygiene.
    Terima kasih telah membantu kami!
    Thank you for helping us!
    Ini tugas kami, bu.
    This is our assignment, miss.
  2. editorial we; first person plural personal pronoun, which refers to institution the speaker/writer is acting for: we, us, our

Usage notes

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This personal pronoun sounds formal or very polite by most of the speakers.

Derived terms

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See also

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  • kita (“we, us, our (inclusive)”)

Further reading

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Inonhan

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Etymology

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From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kami, from Proto-Austronesian *kami.

Pronoun

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kami

  1. we; us (exclusive of the person spoken to)

Japanese

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Romanization

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kami

  1. Rōmaji transcription of かみ

Javanese

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Romanization

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kami

  1. Romanization of ꦏꦩꦶ.

Malay

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Etymology

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From Proto-Malayic *kami, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kami, from Proto-Austronesian *kami, from Proto-Austronesian *kami.

Pronunciation

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Pronoun

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kami (Jawi spelling کامي)

  1. we, us, our (exclusive of the person spoken to)
  2. I, me, my

Synonyms

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Descendants

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  • Indonesian: kami

See also

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  • kita (inclusive of the person spoken to)
Malay personal pronouns
singular plural
1st person standard saya／ساي
aku／اکو, ku-／كو- (informal/towards God)
-ku／-كو (informal possessive)
hamba／همبا (dated) 		kami／کامي (exclusive)
kita orang／كيت اورڠ (informal exclusive)
kita／کيت (inclusive)
royal beta／بيتا
2nd person standard kamu／کامو
anda／اندا (formal)
engkau／اڠکاو, kau-／كاو- (informal/towards God)
awak／اوق (friendly/older towards younger)
-mu／-مو (possessive) 		awak semua／اوق سموا
kamu semua／كامو سموا
kalian／کالين (informal)
kau orang／كاو اورڠ (informal)
royal tuanku／توانكو
3rd person standard dia／دي
ia／اي
beliau／بلياو (honorific)
-nya／-ڽ (possessive) 		mereka／مريک
dia orang／دي اورڠ (informal)
royal baginda／بݢيندا

Further reading

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Mansaka

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Pronoun

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kami

  1. we (exclusive)

Maranao

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Etymology

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Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kami, from Proto-Austronesian *kami.

Pronoun

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kami

  1. we (exclusive)

Musi

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Pronunciation

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Pronoun

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kami

  1. we (exclusive); I and other(s) but not those I am addressing
  2. we: the speaker/writer alone. (This use of we is the editorial we, used by writers and others, including royalty—the royal we—as a less personal substitute for I. The reflexive case of this sense of we is ourself.)
  3. us (exclusive); me and other(s) but not those I am addressing
  4. our (exclusive); my and of other(s) but not of those I am addressing
  5. ours
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Ratagnon

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Etymology

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Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kami, from Proto-Austronesian *kami.

Pronoun

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kamí

  1. we (exclusive of the person spoken to)

Sakizaya

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Etymology

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Inherited from Proto-Austronesian *kami.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ka.ˈmi/, [ka.ˈmi]

Pronoun

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kami

  1. we (exclusive)

Serbo-Croatian

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Etymology

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Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kamy, preserving the reflex of word-final */y/, which was lost in standard words kȃm and kȁmēn.

Noun

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kami m (Cyrillic spelling ками)

  1. (regional, obsolete) stone

References

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  • Skok, Petar (1972) “kami”, in Etimologijski rječnik hrvatskoga ili srpskoga jezika [Etymological Dictionary of the Croatian or Serbian Language] (in Serbo-Croatian), volumes 2 (K – poni¹), Zagreb: JAZU, page 26

Tagalog

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kami, from Proto-Austronesian *kami.

Pronunciation

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Pronoun

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kamí (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜋᜒ)

  1. we; us (exclusive of the person spoken to)
    Nagtatrabaho kami sa isang kumpanya. Ikaw?
    We work at a company. You?

Derived terms

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See also

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Tagalog personal pronouns
Person Number Direct (ang) Indirect (ng) Oblique (sa)
First singular ako ko akin
dual1 kita, kata nita, nata, ta kanita, kanata, ata
plural inclusive tayo natin atin
plural exclusive kami namin amin
First & Second singular kita2
Second singular ikaw, ka mo iyo
plural kayo, kamo ninyo, niyo inyo
Third singular siya niya kaniya
plural sila nila kanila
1 First person dual pronouns are not commonly used in Standard Tagalog.
2 Replaces ko ikaw.

Further reading

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  • “kami”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018

Anagrams

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Tausug

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Etymology

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Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kami, from Proto-Austronesian *kami.

Pronunciation

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  • (Sinūgan Parianun) IPA(key): /kami/ [k̠ɑˈmi]
  • Rhymes: -i
  • Syllabification: ka‧mi

Pronoun

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kami (Sulat Sūg spelling كَمِ)

  1. we (exclusive)

West Albay Bikol

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Etymology

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Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kami, from Proto-Austronesian *kami.

Pronoun

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kamí

  1. we (exclusive of the person spoken to)

Yogad

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Etymology

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Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kami, from Proto-Austronesian *kami.

Pronoun

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kami

  1. we (exclusive of the person spoken to)
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