Nothing Special   »   [go: up one dir, main page]

See also: finís, finiš, and finiş

English

edit

Etymology

edit

From Middle English finis, from Latin fīnis (end; limit). Doublet of fin, fine, and finish.

Pronunciation

edit

Noun

edit

finis

  1. Of a book or other work: the end.
    • 1836, [Frederick Marryat], “In which our hero finds out that trigonometry is not only necessary to navigation, but may be required in settling affairs of honour”, in Mr. Midshipman Easy [], volume II, London: Saunders and Otley, [], →OCLC, page 32:
      He had gone through the work from the title-page to the finis at least forty times, and had just commenced it over again.
    • 1922 February, James Joyce, “[Episode 16: Eumaeus]”, in Ulysses, Paris: Shakespeare and Company, [], →OCLC, part III [Nostos], pages 570–571:
      Highly providential was the appearance on the scene of Corny Kelleher when Stephen was blissfully unconscious that, but for that man in the gap turning up at the eleventh hour, the finis might have been that he might have been a candidate for the accident ward, []

See also

edit

Catalan

edit

Verb

edit

finis

  1. second-person singular present subjunctive of finar

Esperanto

edit

Verb

edit

finis

  1. past of fini

French

edit

Pronunciation

edit

Adjective

edit

finis

  1. masculine plural of fini

Verb

edit

finis

  1. inflection of finir:
    1. first/second-person singular present indicative
    2. first/second-person singular past historic
    3. second-person singular imperative

Participle

edit

finis m pl

  1. masculine plural of fini

Pronunciation

edit

Verb

edit

finis

  1. past of finar

Indonesian

edit

Noun

edit

finis (first-person possessive finisku, second-person possessive finismu, third-person possessive finisnya)

  1. finish

Latin

edit

Etymology

edit

Disputed.[1] Perhaps for *fignis, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰeygʷ- (to stick, set up), whence fīgō,[2] or for *fidnis, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeyd- (to split), whence findō.

For the meaning “region”, compare pāgus again from a root meaning “to fix”.

Pronunciation

edit

Noun

edit

fīnis m or f (genitive fīnis); third declension

  1. end
    Antonyms: initium, prīmōrdium, prīncipium, exōrdium, orīgō, limen
    in finemeternally
    ad finemto the end
    finem facioI cease
    • 29-19 BC, Vergil. Aeneid, 1.199
      dabit Deus hīs quoque fīnem
      God will give an end to these (things) also.
  2. limit, border, bound boundary, frontier
    Synonyms: līmes, modus, cacūmen
  3. (in the plural) boundaries, bounds; by extension, territory, region, lands
  4. limit in duration, term (duration of a set length)
    • 27 BCE – 25 BCE, Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita 26.1:
      huic generī mīlitum senātus eundem, quem Cannēnsibus, fīnem statuērat mīlitiae.
      For this class of soldier the senate had established a limit in duration to their military service, which was the same as the men at Cannae.
  5. end, purpose, aim, object, telos
    Synonyms: voluntās, intentiō, cōnsilium, propositum, animus, mēns
  6. death, end (of life)
    Synonyms: mors, fūnus, fātum, interitus, exitus, perniciēs, somnus, sopor
  7. amount (in late juridical writings)

Usage notes

edit

According to Lewis & Short, finis does occasionally appear as a feminine noun in both the ante-classical and post-classical eras.

Declension

edit

Third-declension noun (i-stem, ablative singular in -e or ).

singular plural
nominative fīnis fīnēs
genitive fīnis fīnium
dative fīnī fīnibus
accusative fīnem fīnēs
fīnīs
ablative fīne
fīnī
fīnibus
vocative fīnis fīnēs

Derived terms

edit

Descendants

edit
  • Asturian: fin
  • Catalan: fi
  • Corsican: fine
  • Dalmatian: fain
  • Esperanto: fino
  • Franco-Provençal: fin
  • French: fin
  • Friulian: fin
  • Galician: fin
  • Istriot: feîn
  • Italian: fine
  • Ladin: fin
  • Leonese: fin
  • Occitan: fin
  • Portuguese: fim
  • Romanian: fine
  • Romansch: fin, fegn
  • Sardinian: fine, fini
  • Sicilian: fini, finu
  • Spanish: fin
  • Venetan: fin
  • Walloon: fén
  • Proto-Brythonic: *fin (see there for further descendants)
  • Middle Irish: fín (see there for further descendants)

Verb

edit

fīnīs

  1. second-person singular present active of fīniō

References

edit
  1. ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “finis”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 222
  2. ^ Tucker, T.G., Etymological Dictionary of Latin, Ares Publishers, 1976 (reprint of 1931 edition)

Further reading

edit
  • finis”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • finis”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • finis in Dizionario Latino, Olivetti
  • finis in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
  • finis in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
  • Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
    • to enlarge the boundaries of a kingdom: fines (imperii) propagare, extendere, (longius) proferre
    • to evacuate territory: (ex) finibus excedere
    • to put an end to one's life: vitae finem facere
    • such was the end of... (used of a violent death): talem vitae exitum (not finem) habuit (Nep. Eum. 13)
    • to finish, complete, fulfil, accomplish a thing: finem facere alicuius rei
    • to finish, complete, fulfil, accomplish a thing: finem imponere, afferre, constituere alicui rei
    • to finish, complete, fulfil, accomplish a thing: ad finem aliquid adducere
    • to come to an end: finem habere
    • to cease speaking: finem dicendi facere
    • to impose fixed limitations: fines certos terminosque constituere
    • to put an end to war: belli finem facere, bellum finire

Pijin

edit

Etymology

edit

From English finish.

Particle

edit

finis

  1. Tense marker for the past perfect tense