灣

See also: 湾

灣	U+7063, 灣 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7063

← 灢
[U+7062]

CJK Unified Ideographs

灤 →
[U+7064]

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

灣 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+22, 25 strokes, cangjie input 水女火弓 (EVFN), four-corner 3212₇, composition ⿰氵彎)

Descendants

湾

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 664, character 10
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 18823
Dae Jaweon: page 1072, character 34
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1798, character 9
Unihan data for U+7063

Chinese

trad.		灣
simp.		湾

Wikipedia has an article on:

灣

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (䜌) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
蠻	*mroːn
矕	*mroːnʔ
變	*prons
鸞	*b·roːn
巒	*b·roːn
灤	*b·roːn
欒	*b·roːn
鑾	*b·roːn
臠	b·roːn, b·ronʔ
羉	*b·roːn
䜌	b·roːn, b·ron, *b·rons
灓	b·roːn, b·roːns, *b·rons
圝	*b·roːn
曫	*b·roːn
孿	smroːns, smrons
彎	*qroːn
灣	*qroːn
攣	*b·ron
孌	b·ronʔ, b·rons
戀	*b·rons
㪻	pʰlons, klons

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qroːn) : semantic 氵 (“water”) + phonetic 彎 (OC *qroːn) – a type of water.

Etymology

Cognate with 彎 (OC *qroːn, “bend; curve”) (Wang, 1982).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): wān (wan¹)

(Zhuyin): ㄨㄢ

(Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): wan¹

(Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): ван (van, I)
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): waan¹ / waan⁴

(Taishan, Wiktionary): van¹ / van³
Gan (Wiktionary): uan¹
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): vân

(Meixian, Guangdong): van¹
Jin (Wiktionary): van¹
Northern Min (KCR): ṳíng
Eastern Min (BUC): uăng
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): uang² / uong² / orng²
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): oan / oân

(Teochew, Peng'im): uêng¹ / uang¹
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ¹ue
Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): uan¹

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: wān
  - Zhuyin: ㄨㄢ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: wan
  - Wade–Giles: wan¹
  - Yale: wān
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: uan
  - Palladius: вань (vanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /wän⁵⁵/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: wan¹
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: uan
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /uan⁵⁵/
- (Dungan)
  - Cyrillic and Wiktionary: ван (van, I)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /væ̃²⁴/
  (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: waan¹ / waan⁴
  - Yale: wāan / wàahn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: waan¹ / waan⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: wan¹ / wan⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /waːn⁵⁵/, /waːn²¹/

Note: waan4 - used in some place names.

- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: van¹ / van³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /van³³/, /van²²/

Note: van3 - used in some place names.

Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: uan¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /uan⁴²/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: vân
  - Hakka Romanization System: van^ˊ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: van¹
  - Sinological IPA: /van²⁴/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: van¹
  - Sinological IPA: /ʋan⁴⁴/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: van¹
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /væ̃¹¹/
Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: ṳíng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /yiŋ⁵⁴/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: uăng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /uaŋ⁵⁵/
Puxian Min
- (Putian)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: uang²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /uaŋ¹³/
- (Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: uong²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /uoŋ¹³/
- (Putian)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: orng²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɒŋ¹³/

Note: orng2 - only used in 天九灣 (a place in Putian).

Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: oan / oân
  - Tâi-lô: uan / uân
  - Phofsit Daibuun: oafn, oaan
  - IPA (Xiamen): /uan⁴⁴/, /uan²⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /uan³³/, /uan²⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /uan⁴⁴/, /uan¹³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /uan⁴⁴/, /uan²⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /uan⁴⁴/, /uan²³/

Note: oân - used in some place names (e.g. 臺灣).

- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: uêng¹ / uang¹
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ueng / uang
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ueŋ³³/, /uaŋ³³/

Note:

uêng1 - Chaozhou;
uang1 - Shantou.

Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ¹ue
  - MiniDict: ue^平
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹ue
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ue⁵³/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: uan¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /u̯an³³/

Middle Chinese: 'waen

Rime
Character	灣
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	影 (34)
Final (韻)	刪 (70)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	II
Fanqie	烏關切
Baxter	'waen
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʔˠuan/
Pan Wuyun	/ʔʷᵚan/
Shao Rongfen	/ʔuɐn/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʔwaɨn/
Li Rong	/ʔuan/
Wang Li	/wan/
Bernard Karlgren	/ʔwan/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	wān
Expected Cantonese Reflex	waan¹

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*qroːn/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	灣
Reading #	1/1
No.	8627
Phonetic component	
Rime group	元
Rime subdivision	3
Corresponding MC rime	彎
Old Chinese	/*qroːn/
Notes	彎分化字

Definitions

灣

(geography) bend in a river; riverbend
(geography) bay; gulf
(regional, nautical) to berth; to anchor; to moor
a surname

Usage notes

In Min Nan, the character 灣 is usually read as oan (e.g. in 海灣／海湾 (hái-oan)). The reading of oân in the context of the toponym 臺灣／台湾 (Tâi-oân, “Taiwan”) is an exception stemming from the historical variant 臺員／台员.

Synonyms

(bend in a river): 河灣／河湾 (héwān)
(bay): 海灣／海湾 (hǎiwān)
(to berth): 停泊 (tíngbó)

Compounds

一灣子／一湾子
三灣／三湾 (Sānwān)
上車灣／上车湾 (Shàngchēwān)
亞丁灣／亚丁湾 (Yàdīngwān)
付家灣／付家湾 (Fùjiāwān)
前灣／前湾 (Qiánwān)
北灣／北湾 (Běiwān)
吳家灣／吴家湾 (Wújiāwān)
吳灣／吴湾 (Wúwān)
周家灣／周家湾 (Zhōujiāwān)
土瓜灣／土瓜湾 (Tǔguāwān, “To Kwa Wan”)
大亞灣／大亚湾 (Dàyàwān)
大連灣／大连湾 (Dàliánwān)
孔灣／孔湾 (Kǒngwān)
寶塔灣／宝塔湾 (Bǎotǎwān)
岩灣／岩湾 (Yánwān)
峽灣／峡湾 (xiáwān)
席特拉灣／席特拉湾
幾內亞灣／几内亚湾
廖灣／廖湾 (Liàowān)
廣州灣／广州湾 (Guǎngzhōuwān)
廣東灣／广东湾
張家灣／张家湾 (Zhāngjiāwān)
張灣／张湾 (Zhāngwān, “Zhangwan”)
彭家灣／彭家湾 (Péngjiāwān)
後頭灣／后头湾 (Hòutouwān)
排灣／排湾 (Páiwān)
排灣族／排湾族 (Páiwānzú)
料羅灣／料罗湾
施家灣／施家湾 (Shījiāwān)
旗杆灣 (Qígānwān)
暹羅灣／暹罗湾 (Xiānluówān)
朱灣／朱湾 (Zhūwān)
李灣／李湾 (Lǐwān)
東京灣／东京湾 (Dōngjīngwān)
杭州灣／杭州湾 (Hángzhōuwān)
松樹灣／松树湾 (Sōngshùwān)
東灣／东湾 (Dōngwān)
楊柳灣／杨柳湾 (Yángliǔwān)
楊溪灣／杨溪湾 (Yángxīwān)
樓子灣／楼子湾 (Lóuziwān)
江灣／江湾 (Jiāngwān)
波斯灣／波斯湾 (Bōsī Wān)
海灣／海湾 (hǎiwān)
港灣／港湾 (gǎngwān)
溪丘灣／溪丘湾 (Xīqiūwān)
潘家灣／潘家湾 (Pānjiāwān)
灣井／湾井 (Wānjǐng)
灣洄／湾洄
灣流／湾流 (Wānliú)
灣潭／湾潭 (Wāntán)
灣澴／湾澴
灣灣／湾湾 (Wānwān)
灣轉／湾转
玫瑰灣／玫瑰湾 (Méiguīwān)
琚灣／琚湾 (Jūwān)
田灣／田湾 (Tiánwān)
白沙灣／白沙湾
百家灣／百家湾
盧灣／卢湾 (Lúwān)
瞿家灣／瞿家湾 (Qújiāwān)
程灣／程湾 (Chéngwān)
窯灣／窑湾 (Yáowān)
筲箕灣／筲箕湾 (Shāojīwān, “Shau Kei Wan”)
老灣／老湾 (Lǎowān)
肖灣／肖湾
肥沃月灣／肥沃月湾
膠州灣／胶州湾 (Jiāozhōuwān)
臺灣／台灣／台湾 (Táiwān)
芬蘭灣／芬兰湾 (Fēnlánwān)
芝麻灣／芝麻湾 (Zhīmawān)
西李灣／西李湾 (Xīlǐwān)
覃灣／覃湾 (Tánwān)
譚家灣／谭家湾 (Tánjiāwān)
谷灣／谷湾
趙灣／赵湾 (Zhàowān)
轉灣抹角／转湾抹角
過渡灣／过渡湾 (Guòdùwān)
遼東灣／辽东湾 (Liáodōngwān)
都鎮灣／都镇湾 (Dūzhènwān)
鄒灣／邹湾 (Zōuwān)
鄭灣／郑湾 (Zhèngwān)
金蘭灣／金兰湾
金角灣／金角湾 (Jīnjiǎowān)
鞏家灣／巩家湾 (Gǒngjiāwān)
韓家灣／韩家湾 (Hánjiāwān)
韓灣／韩湾 (Hánwān)
馬灣／马湾 (Mǎwān)
鹽池灣／盐池湾 (Yánchíwān)
黃灣／黄湾 (Huángwān)
墨西哥灣／墨西哥湾 (Mòxīgē Wān)
黨城灣／党城湾 (Dǎngchéngwān)
龍灣／龙湾 (Lóngwān)

Japanese

Shinjitai	湾
Kyūjitai	灣

Kanji

灣

(Hyōgai kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 湾)

Kyūjitai form of 湾

Readings

On (unclassified): わん (wan)
Kun: いりこむ (irikomu)

Korean

Etymology

From a corrupted or unorthodox reading influenced by Middle Chinese 蠻 (MC maen). The original reading is 완 (wan) based on Middle Chinese 灣 (MC 'waen).

Historical Readings
Dongguk Jeongun Reading
Dongguk Jeongun, 1448	ᅙᅪᆫ (Yale: qwàn)
Early Modern Korean
Text	Final (韻)	Reading
Samun Seonghwi, 1751	刪	완 (wan)

Pronunciation

(SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [ma̠n]
Phonetic hangul: [만]

Hanja

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

灣

Wikisource

灣 (eumhun 물굽이 만 (mulgubi man))

hanja form^? of 만 (“(geography) bay; gulf”) [noun]

Compounds

만류 (灣流, mallyu)
대만 (臺灣, Daeman)
항만 (港灣, hangman)
진주만 (眞珠灣, Jinjuman, “Pearl Harbor”)

References

국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [1]

Vietnamese

Han character

灣: Hán Nôm readings: loan, loáng, loãng, vịnh

bay, gulf