2013 in paleontology

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Paleontology or palaeontology is the study of prehistoric life forms on Earth through the examination of plant and animal fossils.^[1] This includes the study of body fossils, tracks (ichnites), burrows, cast-off parts, fossilised feces (coprolites), palynomorphs and chemical residues. Because humans have encountered fossils for millennia, paleontology has a long history both before and after becoming formalized as a science. This article records significant discoveries and events related to paleontology that occurred or were published in the year 2013.

Plants

Cnidarians

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes
Alveopora jessicae^[2]	Sp. nov	Valid	Bromfield	Miocene		Papua New Guinea	A stony coral, a species of Alveopora.
Alveopora oliveri^[2]	Sp. nov	Valid	Bromfield	Miocene		Papua New Guinea	A stony coral, a species of Alveopora.
Arctophyllum spitsbergensis^[3]	Sp. nov	Valid	Chwieduk	Carboniferous (Gzhelian)	Treskelodden Formation	Norway	A rugose coral belonging to the group Stauriida and the family Cyathopsidae.
Astreopora wallaceae^[2]	Sp. nov	Valid	Bromfield	Miocene		Papua New Guinea	A stony coral, a species of Astreopora.
Aulastraea crassicalix^[4]	Sp. nov	Valid	Löser, Castro & Nieto	Early Cretaceous (Albian)		Spain	A stony coral, a species of Aulastraea.
Barentsburgia^[3]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Chwieduk	Permian (Sakmarian)	Wordiekammen Formation	Norway	A rugose coral belonging to the group Stauriida and the family Aulophyllidae. The type species is B. crinisphyllia.
Catenipora nishioi^[5]	Sp. nov	Valid	Niko & Adachi	Silurian	Gionyama Formation	Japan	A tabulate coral belonging to the family Halysitidae.
Caulastraea cummingae^[2]	Sp. nov	Valid	Bromfield	Miocene		Fiji Indonesia	A stony coral, a species of Caulastraea.
Caulastraea geoffreyi^[2]	Sp. nov	Valid	Bromfield	Miocene		Indonesia	A stony coral, a species of Caulastraea.
Cyphastrea aliceae^[2]	Sp. nov	Valid	Bromfield	Miocene		Papua New Guinea	A stony coral belonging to the family Faviidae.
Cyphastrea buddae^[2]	Sp. nov	Valid	Bromfield	Miocene		Papua New Guinea	A stony coral belonging to the family Faviidae.
Cyphastrea spinea^[2]	Sp. nov	Valid	Bromfield	Miocene		Fiji	A stony coral belonging to the family Faviidae.
Euphyllia romani^[2]	Sp. nov	Valid	Bromfield	Miocene		Indonesia	A stony coral, a species of Euphyllia.
Fedorowskites^[3]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Chwieduk	Permian (Wordian to Lopingian)	Kapp Starostin Formation	Norway Russia	A rugose coral belonging to the order Stauriida and the family Polycoeliidae. The type species is F. spitsbergensis; genus also includes "Sochkineophyllum" zavodovskyi Sokolov (1959).^[6]
Fomichevella borealis^[3]	Sp. nov	Valid	Chwieduk	Carboniferous (Gzhelian)	Treskelodden Formation	Norway	A rugose coral belonging to the order Stauriida and the family Kleopatrinidae.
Galaxea kabairaensis^[2]	Sp. nov	Valid	Bromfield	Miocene		Papua New Guinea	A stony coral, a species of Galaxea.
Galaxea salayarensis^[2]	Sp. nov	Valid	Bromfield	Pliocene		Indonesia	A stony coral, a species of Galaxea.
Gronfjordphyllum^[3]	Gen. et 2 sp. nov	Valid	Chwieduk	Permian (Sakmarian)	Wordiekammen Formation	Norway	A rugose coral belonging to the group Stauriida and the family Aulophyllidae. The type species is G. minor; genus also includes G. parvum.
Halysites delicatus^[5]	Sp. nov	Valid	Niko & Adachi	Silurian	Gionyama Formation	Japan	A tabulate coral belonging to the family Halysitidae.
Halysites intricatus^[5]	Sp. nov	Valid	Niko & Adachi	Silurian	Gionyama Formation	Japan	A tabulate coral belonging to the family Halysitidae.
Halysites kyushuensis^[5]	Sp. nov	Valid	Niko & Adachi	Silurian	Gionyama Formation	Japan	A tabulate coral belonging to the family Halysitidae.
Heintzella breviseptata^[3]	Sp. nov	Valid	Chwieduk	Permian (Sakmarian)	Wordiekammen Formation	Norway	A rugose coral belonging to the order Stauriida and the family Kleopatrinidae.
Heintzella poljarica^[3]	Sp. nov	Valid	Chwieduk	Carboniferous (Gzhelian)	Treskelodden Formation	Norway	A rugose coral belonging to the order Stauriida and the family Kleopatrinidae.
Heteropistophyllum^[4]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Löser, Castro & Nieto	Early Cretaceous		Slovenia Spain	A stony coral belonging to the group Heterocoeniina and the family Elasmocoeniidae. A new genus for "Pseudopistophyllum" quinqueseptatum Turnšek & Buser (1976).
Krusenella^[3]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Chwieduk	Permian (Sakmarian)	Treskelodden Formation	Norway	A rugose coral belonging to the group Stauriida and the family Antiphyllidae. The type species is K. pachyseptata.
Leptoria hayae^[2]	Sp. nov	Valid	Bromfield	Miocene		Fiji	A stony coral, a species of Leptoria.
Leptoria traba^[2]	Sp. nov	Valid	Bromfield	Miocene		Papua New Guinea	A stony coral, a species of Leptoria.
Leptoseris lauensis^[2]	Sp. nov	Valid	Bromfield	Miocene	Lau Group	Fiji	A stony coral belonging to the family Agariciidae.
Linnephyllum^[3]	Gen. et 2 sp. nov	Valid	Chwieduk	Permian (Sakmarian)	Wordiekammen Formation	Norway	A rugose coral belonging to the order Stauriida and the suborder Aulophyllina. The type species is L. spitsbergensis; genus also includes L. longiseptatum.
Madracis crassisepta^[2]	Sp. nov	Valid	Bromfield	Miocene		Papua New Guinea	A stony coral belonging to the family Pocilloporidae.
Madracis labrum^[2]	Sp. nov	Valid	Bromfield	Miocene		Papua New Guinea	A stony coral belonging to the family Pocilloporidae.
Metaulastraea elae^[4]	Sp. nov	Valid	Löser, Castro & Nieto	Early Cretaceous (Albian)		Spain	A stony coral, a species of Metaulastraea.
Mitrodendron ultimus^[4]	Sp. nov	Valid	Löser, Castro & Nieto	Early Cretaceous (Albian)		Spain	A stony coral, a species of Mitrodendron.
Montipora pandolfii^[2]	Sp. nov	Valid	Bromfield	Miocene		Indonesia	A stony coral, a species of Montipora.
Montipora teresea^[2]	Sp. nov	Valid	Bromfield	Miocene		Papua New Guinea	A stony coral, a species of Montipora.
Montipora wilsonae^[2]	Sp. nov	Valid	Bromfield	Early Pleistocene		Indonesia	A stony coral, a species of Montipora.
Multithecopora fukugakuchiensis^[7]	Sp. nov	Valid	Niko, Ibaraki & Tazawa	Early Carboniferous	Omi Limestone	Japan	A tabulate coral belonging to the order Auloporida and the family Multithecoporidae.
Paraacanthogyra hispanica^[4]	Sp. nov	Valid	Löser, Castro & Nieto	Early Cretaceous (Albian)		Spain	A stony coral, a species of Paraacanthogyra.
Parnassomeandra steuberi^[8]	Sp. nov	Valid	Löser	Cretaceous (Albian and Cenomanian^[9])		France Greece^[9]	A stony coral belonging to the superfamily Eugyroidea and the family Eugyridae.
Platygyra renemai^[2]	Sp. nov	Valid	Bromfield	Miocene		Papua New Guinea	A stony coral, a species of Platygyra.
Pleurodendron^[4]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Löser, Castro & Nieto	Early Cretaceous (Albian)		Spain	A stony coral belonging to the group Heterocoeniina and the family Elasmocoeniidae. The type species is Pleurodendron prebeticum.
Pseudoroemeripora watanabei^[10]	Sp. nov	Valid	Niko	Early Carboniferous	Akiyoshi Limestone Group	Japan	A tabulate coral.
Pseudotimania arctica^[3]	Sp. nov	Valid	Chwieduk	Carboniferous (Gzhelian) to Permian (Sakmarian)	Treskelodden Formation	Norway	A rugose coral belonging to the group Stauriida and the family Bothrophyllidae.
Pseudotimania borealis^[3]	Sp. nov	Valid	Chwieduk	Carboniferous (Gzhelian) to Permian (Sakmarian)	Treskelodden Formation Wordiekammen Formation	Norway	A rugose coral belonging to the group Stauriida and the family Bothrophyllidae.
Pseudotimania longiseptata^[3]	Sp. nov	Valid	Chwieduk	Carboniferous (Gzhelian) to Permian (Sakmarian)	Treskelodden Formation Wordiekammen Formation	Norway	A rugose coral belonging to the group Stauriida and the family Bothrophyllidae.
Silingastraea valentina^[4]	Sp. nov	Valid	Löser, Castro & Nieto	Early Cretaceous (Albian)		Spain	A stony coral, a species of Silingastraea.
Sutherlandia sphaericus^[11]	Sp. nov	Valid	Niko, Haikawa & Fujikawa	Carboniferous (Serpukhovian)	Akiyoshi Limestone Group	Japan	A tabulate coral.
Symphyllia densium^[2]	Sp. nov	Valid	Bromfield	Early Pleistocene		Indonesia	A stony coral belonging to the family Mussidae.
Tschussovskenia borealis^[3]	Sp. nov	Valid	Chwieduk	Carboniferous (Gzhelian)	Treskelodden Formation	Norway	A rugose coral belonging to the order Stauriida and the family Lithostrotionidae.
?Tschussovskenia columellata^[3]	Sp. nov	Valid	Chwieduk	Permian (Sakmarian)	Treskelodden Formation	Norway	A rugose coral belonging to the order Stauriida and the family Lithostrotionidae.
Turbinaria jacksoni^[2]	Sp. nov	Valid	Bromfield	Miocene		Fiji	A stony coral, a species of Turbinaria.
Yakovleviella spitsbergensis^[3]	Sp. nov	Valid	Chwieduk	Carboniferous (Gzhelian) and Permian (Sakmarian)	Wordiekammen Formation	Norway	A rugose coral belonging to the group Stauriida and the family Aulophyllidae.

Arthropods

Bryozoans

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes
Adlatipora^[12]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Gautier, Jackson & McKinney	Permian		United States	An acanthocladiid bryozoan. The type species is Adlatipora fossulata.
Basyaylella^[13]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Zágoršek & Gordon	Late Tortonian	Mut Basin	Turkey	An ascophoran bryozoan. Its type species is Basyaylella elsae.
Charixa goshouraensis^[14]	Sp. nov	Valid	Dick et al.	Cretaceous (late Albian or early Cenomanian)		Japan	A cheilostome bryozoan. Originally described as a species of Charixa; Dick, Sakamoto & Komatsu (2018) transferred this species to the genus Kenocharixa.^[15]
Charixa sagnieri^[16]	Sp. nov	Valid	Taylor & Calzada	Early Cretaceous (Aptian)		Spain	A member of Malacostegina belonging to the family Electridae.
Conopeum wilsoni^[17]	Sp. nov	Valid	Di Martino & Taylor	Late Cretaceous (Late Campanian or Maastrichtian)	Simsima Formation	United Arab Emirates–Oman border region	A species of Conopeum.
Haplostoechios^[14]	Gen. et 2 sp. nov	Valid	Dick et al.	Cretaceous (late Albian or early Cenomanian)		Japan	A malacostegan. Genus contains two species: H. hayamiae and H. clusum.
Heloclema uralicum^[18]	Sp. nov	Valid	Tolokonnikova	Early Carboniferous		Russia	A species of Heloclema.
Monoceratopora whybrowi^[17]	Sp. nov	Valid	Di Martino & Taylor	Late Cretaceous (Late Campanian or Maastrichtian)	Simsima Formation	United Arab Emirates–Oman border region	A species of Monoceratopora.
Ostrovskia^[13]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Zágoršek & Gordon	Late Tortonian	Mut Basin	Turkey	An ascophoran bryozoan. Its type species is Ostrovskia triforamina.
Poricellaria sakurkari^[19]	Sp. nov	Valid	Sonar & Gaikwad	Eocene (Lutetian) to Miocene (Burdigalian)		India	A member of Flustrina belonging to the family Poricellariidae.
Poricellaria waioriensis^[19]	Sp. nov	Valid	Sonar & Gaikwad	Eocene (Lutetian) to Miocene (Burdigalian)		India	A member of Flustrina belonging to the family Poricellariidae.
Primorella kodinkensis^[18]	Sp. nov	Valid	Tolokonnikova	Early Carboniferous		Russia	A species of Primorella.
Steginoporella chiplonkari^[20]	Sp. nov	Valid	Sonar & Gaikwad	Oligocene (Chattian)	Maniyara Fort Formation	India	A member of Flustrina belonging to the family Steginoporellidae.
Steginoporella mathuri^[20]	Sp. nov	Valid	Sonar & Gaikwad	Miocene (Aquitanian)		India	A member of Flustrina belonging to the family Steginoporellidae.
Steginoporella murachbanensis^[20]	Sp. nov	Valid	Sonar & Gaikwad	Miocene (Burdigalian)	Chhasara Formation	India	A member of Flustrina belonging to the family Steginoporellidae.
Tyloporella smithi^[17]	Sp. nov	Valid	Di Martino & Taylor	Late Cretaceous (Late Campanian or Maastrichtian)	Simsima Formation	United Arab Emirates–Oman border region	A species of Tyloporella.
Vincularia feddeni^[19]	Sp. nov	Valid	Sonar & Gaikwad	Eocene (Lutetian) to Miocene (Burdigalian)		India	A member of Flustrina belonging to the family Vinculariidae.
Wilbertopora cheethami^[17]	Sp. nov	Valid	Di Martino & Taylor	Late Cretaceous (Late Campanian or Maastrichtian)	Simsima Formation	United Arab Emirates–Oman border region	A species of Wilbertopora.

Brachiopods

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes
Aegiromena (Aegiromenella)^[21]	Subgen. et comb. nov	Valid	Rong et al.	Ordovician (Hirnantian and Katian) to Silurian (Aeronian)	Kosov Formation Králův Dvůr Formation Panghsa-pye Formation Whittaker Formation	Canada China Czech Republic Kazakhstan Myanmar	A member of Plectambonitoidea belonging to the family Xenambonitidae. The type species is "Schuchertella" planissima Reed (1915); the subgenus also includes Aegiromena durbenensis Nikitin et al. (1980), "Chonetoidea" obliqua Jin & Chatterton (1997), Aegiromena ultima Havlíček (1967) and Aegiromena urbana Havlíček (1967).
Agirovia^[22]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Waterhouse	Carboniferous		Germany	A member of Productida belonging to the family Buxtoniidae. The type species is "Tolmatchoffia" demaneti Boger & Fiebig (1963)
Ainimia^[23]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Waterhouse	Permian (Guadalupian)	Aifat Formation	Indonesia	A member of Productida belonging to the family Auriculispinidae. The type species is "Linoproductus" pigrami Archbold (1981).
Anamarginatia^[22]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Waterhouse	Carboniferous (Tournaisian)	Enga Sandstone	Australia	A member of Productida belonging to the family Buxtoniidae. The type species is "Marginatia" mimica Roberts (1971)
Anathyris helmersenioides^[24]	Sp. nov	Valid	Rzhonsnitskaya in Modzalevskaya, Alvarez & Rzhonsnitskaya	Devonian (Frasnian)	Kuznetsk Basin	Russia	A member of Athyridida belonging to the family Athyrididae.
Anathyris strelnaensis^[24]	Sp. nov	Valid	Rzhonsnitskaya in Modzalevskaya, Alvarez & Rzhonsnitskaya	Devonian (Frasnian)	Kuznetsk Basin	Russia	A member of Athyridida belonging to the family Athyrididae.
Anidanthia^[23]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Waterhouse	Permian (Sakmarian)	Elvinia Formation	Australia	A member of Productida belonging to the family Anidanthidae. The type species is Anidanthus" paucicostatus Waterhouse (1986).
Anidanthus perdosus^[23]	Sp. nov	Valid	Waterhouse	Permian (Kungurian)	Branxton Subgroup	Australia	A member of Productida belonging to the family Anidanthidae.
Anisopleurella asiatica^[21]	Sp. nov	Valid	Rong et al.	Ordovician (Hirnantian)		China	A member of Strophomenoidea belonging to the family Sowerbyellidae.
Appelinaria^[23]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Waterhouse	Permian (Capitanian)	Word Formation	United States ( Texas)	A member of Productida belonging to the family Paucispinauriidae. The type species is "Grandaurispina" crassa Cooper & Grant (1975).
Arcuatusia^[23]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Waterhouse	Carboniferous (Tournaisian)	Banff Formation	Canada	A member of Productida belonging to the family Ovatiidae. The type species is Ovatia" prolata Carter (1987).
Arenorthis paranaensis^[25]	Sp. nov	Valid	Benedetto, Halpern & Inchausti	Late Ordovician (Hirnantian)	Eusebio Ayala Formation	Paraguay	A species of Arenorthis.
Askepasma saproconcha^[26]	sp nov	Valid	Topper et al.	Lower Cambrian	Wirrapowie Limestone	Australia	A member of Paterinata, a species of Askepasma.
Austroboreas^[22]	Gen. et comb. nov	Junior synonym	Waterhouse	Carboniferous (Moscovian)	Las Salinas Formation	Argentina Mongolia Russia	A member of Productida belonging to the family Overtoniidae. The type species is "Lanipustula" kletsi Taboada & Shi (2011); genus also includes "Lanipustula" patagonensis Simanauskas (1996) and species from the Carboniferous of Verkhoyansk (Russia), Mongolia and possibly Europe that were previously referred to Lanipustula. Waterhouse (2018) subsequently considered Austroboreas to be a junior synonym of Levipustula.^[27]
Baikuralia^[22]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Waterhouse	Permian (Capitanian)		Russia	A member of Productida belonging to the family Strophalosiidae. The type species is "Strophalosia" bajkurica Ustritsky in Ustritsky & Chernyak (1963).
Balkhasheconcha bamberi^[22]	Sp. nov	Valid	Waterhouse	Permian (Asselian)	Jungle Creek Formation	Canada ( Yukon)	A member of Productida belonging to the family Rhamnariidae.
Baoshanella^[28]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Xu	Ordovician (late Darriwilian)	Shihtien Formation	China	A member of Dalmanelloidea belonging to the family Portranellidae. The type species is B. baoshanensis.
Bellaspinosina^[23]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Waterhouse	Permian		United States ( Texas)	A member of Productida belonging to the family Paucispinauriidae. The type species is "Grandaurispina" bella Cooper & Grant (1975); genus also includes "Grandaurispina" rara Cooper & Grant (1975).
Bilinospina^[22]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Waterhouse	Permian (Kungurian)	Cathedral Mountain Formation	United States ( Texas)	A member of Productida belonging to the family Dictyoclostidae. The type species is "Nudauris" linospina Cooper & Grant (1971).
Biseptata^[29]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Madison	Ordovician		Russia	A member of Strophomenida. The type species is Biseptata briani.
Boggabria^[22]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Waterhouse	Carboniferous	Namoi Formation	Australia	A member of Productida belonging to the family Retariidae. The type species is "Antiquatonia" spinulicosta Roberts (1976).
Calandisa^[23]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Waterhouse & Campbell in Waterhouse	Permian (Artinskian)	Takitimu Group	New Zealand	A member of Productida belonging to the family Anidanthidae. The type species is C. solitarius.
Calliprotonia mclareni^[22]	Sp. nov	Valid	Waterhouse	Permian (Asselian)	Jungle Creek Formation	Canada ( Yukon)	A member of Productida belonging to the family Echinoconchidae.
Calvadonia^[22]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Waterhouse	Permian (Wuchiapingian)	Magnesian Limestone	United Kingdom	A member of Productida belonging to the family Horridoniidae. The type species is "Producta" calva Sowerby (1829).
Cameronovia^[23]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Waterhouse	Permian (Roadian)	Assistance Formation	Canada	A member of Productida belonging to the family Auriculispinidae. The type species is C. milleri.
Campbelliconcha^[22]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Waterhouse	Carboniferous (Viséan)		Australia	A member of Productida belonging to the family Rhamnariidae. The type species is "Waagenoconcha" delicatula Campbell (1956).
Chhidrusia^[23]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Waterhouse	Permian (Wuchiapingian)	Chhidru Formation	Pakistan	A member of Productida belonging to the family Schrenkiellidae. The type species is "Productus (Linoproductus)) simensis" abrupta Reed (1944).
Chunanella^[21]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Rong et al.	Silurian (Rhuddanian)	Anji Formation	China	A member of Enteletoidea belonging to the family Schizophoriidae. The type species is C. chunanensis.
Ciliciumia^[22]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Waterhouse	Permian (Wuchiapingian)		Armenia India Iran	A member of Productida belonging to the family Costispiniferidae. The type species is C. cilicia.
Comagunia^[23]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Waterhouse	Carboniferous	Windsor Group	Canada ( Nova Scotia)	A member of Productida belonging to the family Paucispinauriidae. The type species is "Productus" lyelli Verneuil in Lyell (1845); genus also includes "Productus" dawsoni Beede (1911).
Commarginalia^[23]	Gen. et sp. et comb. nov	Valid	Waterhouse & Nazer in Waterhouse	Carboniferous and Permian	Ettrain Formation	Australia Canada Mongolia Russia	A member of Productida belonging to the family Paucispinauriidae. The type species is C. yukonensis; genus also includes "Platycancrinella" kletsi Waterhouse (2010) and "Costatumulus" sidorkini Manankov (2004).
Cooperinoides^[22]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Waterhouse	Permian (Asselian)	Neal Ranch Formation	United States ( Texas)	A member of Productida belonging to the family Cooperinidae. The type species is "Cooperina" triangulata Cooper & Grant (1975).
Cornumukia^[23]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Waterhouse	Permian (Roadian)	Rat Buri Limestone	Thailand	A member of Productida belonging to the family Paucispiniferidae. The type species is Kozlowskia" cornuta Grant (1976).
Coronatonia^[22]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Waterhouse	Carboniferous (Viséan)		United Kingdom	A member of Productida belonging to the family Buxtoniidae. The type species is "Kochiproductus" coronus Shiells (1968)
Costacondraia^[22]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Waterhouse	Carboniferous		United States ( Nebraska)	A member of Productida belonging to the family Retariidae. The type species is "Dictyoclostus portlockianus" crassicostatus Dunbar & Condra (1932).
Costadonia^[22]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Waterhouse	Devonian (Famennian)	Myrtlevale Formation	Australia	A member of Productida belonging to the family Leioproductidae. The type species is "Mesoplica" hillae McKellar (1970).
Costaglobus^[22]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Waterhouse	Carboniferous (Viséan)	Copeland Road Formation	Australia	A member of Productida belonging to the family Dictyoclostidae. The type species is "Inflatia" engeli Roberts (1976).
Costatonia^[22]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Waterhouse	Devonian (Emsian)	Delorme Formation	Canada ( Yukon)	A member of Productida belonging to the family Productellidae. The type species is "Chattertonia" mackenzia Perry (1984).
Costatumulus ganelini^[23]	Sp. nov	Valid	Waterhouse	Permian (Kungurian)		Russia	A member of Productida belonging to the family Auriculispinidae.
Costavonia^[22]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Waterhouse	Carboniferous (Tournaisian)	Banff Formation	Canada	A member of Productida belonging to the family Avoniidae. The type species is "Productus" minnewankensis Shimer (1926).
Crassispinosella^[22]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Waterhouse	Permian (Asselian)	Glencoe Formation	Australia	A member of Productida belonging to the family Strophalosiidae. The type species is "Strophalosia" subcircularis Clarke (1969).
Dawesionia^[23]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Waterhouse	Devonian (Famennian)		Australia	A member of Productida belonging to the family Proboscidellidae. The type species is D. milkmani.
Deliella delicatula^[21]	Sp. nov	Valid	Rong et al.	Silurian (Rhuddanian)		China	A member of the family Craniidae.
Disparatia^[22]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Waterhouse	Carboniferous	Canyon Fiord Formation	Canada ( Nunavut)	A member of Productida belonging to the family Marginiferidae. The type species is D. nassichuki.
Dolerorthis multicostellata^[21]	Sp. nov	Valid	Rong et al.	Silurian (Rhuddanian)		China	A member of Orthoidea belonging to the family Hesperorthidae.
Donakovia^[23]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Waterhouse	Carboniferous (Viséan)		Russia	A member of Productida belonging to the family Proboscidellidae. The type species is "Ovatia" markovskii Donakova (1975).
Dzhiremulia^[23]	Gen. et sp. et comb. nov	Valid	Waterhouse	Permian	Assistance Formation	Canada ( Nunavut) Mongolia	A member of Productida belonging to the family Yakovleviidae. The type species is D. conlustratus; genus also includes "Yakovlevia" dzhiremulensis Manakov (1998).
Elucidatea^[23]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Waterhouse	Carboniferous (Moscovian)	Khao Luak Formation	Thailand	A member of Productida belonging to the family Yakovleviidae. The type species is E. peterormus.
Engasia^[22]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Waterhouse	Carboniferous (Tournaisian)	Enga Formation	Australia	A member of Productida belonging to the family Leioproductidae. The type species is "Magnumbonella" prolata Roberts (1971).
Engellinus^[23]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Waterhouse	Carboniferous	Faulkland Formation	Australia	A member of Productida belonging to the family Paucispinauriidae. The type species is "Linoproductus (Balakhonia)" rawdonvalensis Peou & Engel (1979); genus also includes "Linoproductus (Linoproductus)" kerripitensis Peou & Engel (1979).
Eomarginia^[23]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Waterhouse	Carboniferous (Viséan)		Australia	A member of Productida belonging to the family Paucispiniferidae. The type species is Eomarginifera" megalotis Roberts (1976).
Eopholidostrophia (Megapholidostrophia)^[21]	Subgen. et sp. nov	Valid	Rong et al.	Silurian (Rhuddanian), possibly also Ordovician (Katian)	Anji Formation	China United Kingdom?	A member of Strophomenoidea belonging to the family Eopholidostrophiidae. The type species is Eopholidostrophia (Megapholidostrophia) magnifica; the subgenus might also include Eopholidostrophia mediocostalis (Reed, 1905).
Eoplectodonta (Eoplectodonta) boucoti^[21]	Sp. nov	Valid	Rong et al.	Silurian (Rhuddanian)		China	A member of Strophomenoidea belonging to the family Sowerbyellidae.
Eospirifer (Eospirifer) eosinensis^[21]	Sp. nov	Valid	Rong et al.	Silurian (Rhuddanian)		China	A member of Spiriferida belonging to the family Eospiriferidae.
Eospirifer ghobadiae^[30]	Sp. nov	Valid	Popov & Cocks	Silurian (Aeronian)		Iran	A member of Spiriferida belonging to the family Eospiriferidae.
Eospirifer (Protospirifer)^[21]	Subgen. nov	Valid	Rong et al.	Ordovician (Katian and Hirnantian)	Changwu Formation Arndell Sandstone?	China Australia?	A member of Spiriferida belonging to the family Eospiriferidae. The type species is Eospirifer praecursor Rong, Zhan & Han (1994).
Epitomyonia subquadrata^[21]	Sp. nov	Valid	Rong et al.	Silurian (Rhuddanian)		China	A member of Dalmanelloidea belonging to the family Dicoelosiidae.
Fardenia (Fardenia) flexa^[21]	Sp. nov	Valid	Rong et al.	Silurian (Rhuddanian)		China	A member of Orthotetida belonging to the family Chilidiopsidae.
Fimbrianalosia^[22]	Gen. et comb. et sp. nov	Valid	Waterhouse	Permian	Bap Formation	Canada ( Yukon) India	A member of Productida belonging to the family Strophalosiidae. The type species is "Strophalosia" perfecta Waterhouse & Rao (1989); genus also includes new species F. ettrainensis Nazer & Waterhouse.
Fimbrininia^[22]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Waterhouse	Permian (Asselian)	Jungle Creek Formation	Canada ( Yukon)	A member of Productida belonging to the family Overtoniidae. The type species is F. spinosa.
Fimbrinusia^[22]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Waterhouse	Carboniferous	Hare Fiord Formation	Canada ( Nunavut)	A member of Productida belonging to the family Overtoniidae. The type species is "Fimbrinia" borealis Carter & Poletaev (1998).
Fortispinalosia^[22]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Waterhouse	Carboniferous	Warsaw Formation	United States ( Missouri)	A member of Productida belonging to the family Strophalosiidae. The type species is "Strophalosia" fortispinosa Hinchey & Ray (1935).
Gadikao^[22]	Gen. et comb. nov	Disputed	Waterhouse	Permian (Kungurian)	Gadikao Formation	China	A member of Productida belonging to the family Marginiferidae. The type species is "Spinomarginifera" concentrica He & Shi (2008). Considered to be a junior synonym of the genus Paraplicatifera by Shen et al. (2017).^[31]
Gemmarcula buerai^[32]	Sp. nov	Valid	Calzada, Maza & Moreno	Early Cretaceous (Aptian)		Spain	A member of the family Dallinidae.
Geniculatusia^[22]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Waterhouse	Permian (Wuchiapingian)		India	A member of Productida belonging to the family Rhamnariidae. The type species is "Productus" gangeticus Diener (1897).
Gilmoria^[23]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Waterhouse	Carboniferous	Gilmore Limestone	United States ( Iowa)	A member of Productida belonging to the family Ovatiidae. The type species is G. gilmorensis.
Glabauriella^[23]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Waterhouse	Permian		United States ( Texas)	A member of Productida belonging to the family Paucispiniferidae. The type species is Paucispinifera" quadrata Cooper & Grant (1975).
Glabrispinus^[22]	Gen. et comb. et sp. nov	Valid	Waterhouse	Permian (Kungurian)		United States ( Texas)	A member of Productida belonging to the family Waagenoconchidae. The type species is "Kochiproductus" elongatus Cooper & Grant (1975); genus also includes new species G. kingi.
Globicorrugata^[23]	Gen. et 2 sp. nov	Valid	Waterhouse	Carboniferous		Kazakhstan United Kingdom	A member of Productida belonging to the family Paucispinauriidae. The type species is G. settlensis; genus also includes G. inflata.
Grantevia^[23]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Waterhouse	Permian		United States ( Texas)	A member of Productida belonging to the family Linoproductidae. The type species is "Linoproductus" semisulcatus Cooper & Grant (1975).
Harkeria^[23]	Gen. et sp. nov	Junior homonym	Waterhouse	Permian	Assistance Formation	Canada ( Nunavut)	A member of Productida belonging to the family Yakovleviidae. The type species is H. studiosus. The generic name is preoccupied by Harkeria Cameron (1900).
Hesperorthis orientalis^[21]	Sp. nov	Valid	Rong et al.	Silurian (Rhuddanian)		China	A member of Orthoidea belonging to the family Hesperorthidae.
Horridonia grandis^[22]	Sp. nov	Valid	Waterhouse	Permian (Capitanian)	Trold Fiord Formation	Canada ( Nunavut)	A member of Productida belonging to the family Horridoniidae.
Huaitakia^[23]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Waterhouse	Permian (Changhsingian)	Huai Tak Formation	Thailand	A member of Productida belonging to the family Institellidae. The type species is Glyptosteges" percostatus Waterhouse (1983).
Igniculus^[23]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Waterhouse	Carboniferous (Viséan)	Windsor Group	Canada ( Nova Scotia)	A member of Productida belonging to the family Ovatiidae. The type species is Productus (Linoproductus)" semicubiculus Bell (1929).
Inflatusia^[22]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Waterhouse	Carboniferous (Gzhelian)	Jungle Creek Formation	Canada ( Yukon)	A member of Productida belonging to the family Horridoniidae. The type species is I. ogilviensis.
Iranospirifer^[30]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Popov & Cocks	Silurian (Aeronian)	Qarabil Limestone	Iran	A member of Spiriferida belonging to the family Hedeinopsidae. The type species is I. qarabilensis.
Jinyugania^[23]	Gen. et comb. nov	Disputed	Waterhouse	Permian		China	A member of Productida belonging to the family Aulostegidae. The type species is "Strophalosia" poyangensis Kayser (1883); genus also includes "Edriosteges" acuminatus Liao (1980) and "Aulosteges" subplicatilis Frech (1911). Considered to be a junior synonym of the genus Edriosteges by Shen et al. (2017).^[31]
Karadagella szentei^[33]	Sp. nov	Valid	Vörös	Late Jurassic (Oxfordian)		Hungary
Katastrophomena zheganensis^[21]	Sp. nov	Valid	Rong et al.	Silurian (Rhuddanian)		China	A member of Strophomenoidea belonging to the family Strophomenidae.
Kochiproductus (Kochiproductus) imperiosus^[22]	Sp. nov	Valid	Waterhouse	Permian	Jungle Creek Formation	Canada ( Yukon)	A member of Productida belonging to the family Buxtoniidae.
Koyaonoia^[22]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Waterhouse	Permian (Sakmarian)	Ko Yao Noi Formation	Thailand	A member of Productida belonging to the family Rhamnariidae. The type species is "Juresania" dissimilis Waterhouse (1981).
Kwantovia^[23]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Waterhouse	Carboniferous (Viséan)		Japan	A member of Productida belonging to the family Institellidae. The type species is Rugicostella" sakagamii Yanagida (1973).
Leptagonia? lakhalensis^[34]	Sp. nov	Valid	Popov in Ghobadi Pour et al.	Devonian (Frasnian)		Iran	A member of Strophomenida belonging to the group Strophomenoidea and the family Rafinesquinidae.
Liaozhuotingia^[23]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Waterhouse	Permian		China	A member of Productida; originally assigned to the family Paucispinauriidae, subsequently transferred to the family Monticuliferidae.^[31] The type species is "Cancrinella" pseudotruncata Ustritsky (1960).
Lineabispina^[23]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Waterhouse	Permian	Assistance Formation	Canada ( Nunavut)	A member of Productida belonging to the family Gigantoproductidae. The type species is L. ellesmerensis.
Lineacrassus^[23]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Waterhouse	Permian (Asselian)	Jungle Creek Formation	Canada ( Yukon)	A member of Productida belonging to the family Linoproductidae. The type species is L. inflatus.
Lineaproductus^[23]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Waterhouse	Carboniferous		Belgium Germany Ireland United Kingdom	A member of Productida belonging to the family Linoproductidae. The type species is "Productus" corrugatus M'Coy (1844).
Lineatina^[23]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Waterhouse	Permian (Wuchiapingian)	Wargal Formation	Pakistan	A member of Productida belonging to the family Linoproductidae. The type species is "Productus" lineatus Waagen (1884); genus also includes "Productus (Linoproductus) cora" var. superba Reed (1944).
Liniunus^[23]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Waterhouse	Permian (Roadian)	Rat Buri Limestone	Thailand	A member of Productida belonging to the family Linoproductidae. The type species is "Linoproductus" kaseti Grant (1976).
Masitoshia^[23]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Waterhouse	Permian (Wordian)	Bera Formation	Malaysia	A member of Productida belonging to the family Auriculispinidae. The type species is "Permundaria" perplexa Sone & Leman (2005).
Maxwellosia^[22]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Waterhouse	Permian (Artinskian)	Wallaby Formation	Australia	A member of Productida belonging to the family Dasyalosiidae. The type species is "Strophalasia jukesi" concava Maxwell (1954).
Mckellarosia^[22]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Waterhouse	Devonian (Famennian)		Australia	A member of Productida belonging to the family Chonopectidae. The type species is "Strophoproductus" rugosus McKellar (1970).
Menathyris^[35]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Feldman	Middle Triassic (early Ladinian)	Saharonim Formation	Israel	A zeilleriid terebratulid. The type species is Menathyris wilsoni.
Mendacella mutabilis^[21]	Sp. nov	Valid	Rong et al.	Silurian (Rhuddanian)		China	A member of Dalmanelloidea belonging to the family Rhipidomellidae.
Minisaeptosa^[22]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Waterhouse	Permian		United States ( Texas)	A member of Productida belonging to the family Rhamnariidae. The type species is "Rhamnaria" tenuispinosa Cooper & Grant (1975).
Minisculinella^[23]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Waterhouse	Carboniferous		Belgium	A member of Productida belonging to the family Paucispinauriidae. The type species is "Productus" undiferus Koninck (1846).
Myrtlevalia^[22]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Waterhouse	Devonian (Famennian)	Myrtlevale Formation	Australia	A member of Productida belonging to the family Dasyalosiidae. The type species is "Acanthatia" fragilis McKellar (1970).
Nahannilusia^[22]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Waterhouse	Devonian (Eifelian)	Funeral Formation	Canada ( Northwest Territories)	A member of Productida belonging to the family Productellidae. The type species is "Spinulicosta" prima Chatterton & Perry (1978).
Nalivkininius^[22]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Waterhouse	Devonian (Famennian)		Russia	A member of Productida belonging to the family Productellidae. The type species is "Nigerinoplica" nalivkini Pushkin in Lazarev & Pushkin (1986).
Nasutusia^[22]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Waterhouse	Permian (Capitanian)		United States ( Texas)	A member of Productida belonging to the family Retariidae. The type species is "Productus semireticulatus" var. capitanensis Girty (1909)
Nazeriproductus^[22]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Waterhouse	Carboniferous (Kasimovian)	Ettrain Formation	Canada ( Yukon)	A member of Productida belonging to the family Retariidae. The type species is N. nazeri.
Nempemarginifera^[22]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Waterhouse	Permian (Wuchiapingian)		Armenia India Iran	A member of Productida belonging to the family Costispiniferidae. The type species is "Productus" spinosocostatus Abich (1878); genus also includes "Productus" helicus Abich (1878).
Neochonetes (Huangichonetes) archboldi^[36]	Sp. nov	Valid	Zhang et al.	Late Permian (Changhsingian)		China	A member of Rugosochonetidae, a species of Neochonetes.
Neochonetes semicircularis^[36]	Sp. nov	Valid	Zhang et al.	Late Permian (Changhsingian)		China	A member of Rugosochonetidae, a species of Neochonetes.
Neochonetes (Sommeriella) rectangularis^[36]	Sp. nov	Valid	Zhang et al.	Late Permian (Changhsingian)		China	A member of Rugosochonetidae, a species of Neochonetes.
Neochonetes (Sommeriella) waterhousei^[36]	Sp. nov	Valid	Zhang et al.	Late Permian (Changhsingian)		China	A member of Rugosochonetidae, a species of Neochonetes.
Notoconchidium argentium^[37]	Sp. nov	Valid	Wright & Garratt	Late Silurian	Florence Quartzite Mount Ida Formation	Australia	A member of Rhynchonellida belonging to the family Hebetoechiidae.
Notoconchidium talenti^[37]	Sp. nov	Valid	Wright & Garratt	Late Silurian	Mount Ida Formation	Australia	A member of Rhynchonellida belonging to the family Hebetoechiidae.
Ochyromena^[38]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Zhan et al.	Ordovician (Dapingian)	Daguanshan Formation	China	A member of Strophomenoidea belonging to the family Strophomenidae. The type species is O. plana.
Odonovania^[23]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Waterhouse	Permian (Changhsingian)	Marsyangdi Formation	Nepal	A member of Productida belonging to the family Paucispiniferidae. The type species is O. dorsospinosa.
Opiparia^[23]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Waterhouse	Permian (Roadian)	Rat Buri Limestone	Thailand	A member of Productida belonging to the family Paucispiniferidae. The type species is Kozlowskia" opipara Grant (1976).
Paralenorthis costata^[39]	Sp. nov	Valid	Zhan et al.	Ordovician (Darriwilian)	Chiatsun Group	China	A member of the family Orthidae.
Parasentosia^[22]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Waterhouse	Carboniferous (Tournaisian)	Glen Park Formation	United States ( Illinois)	A member of Productida belonging to the family Sentosiidae. The type species is "Sentosia" ignota Carter (1988).
Parvuliella^[23]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Waterhouse	Permian (Capitanian)		Russia	A member of Productida belonging to group Lyttoniidina and the family Loczyellidae. The type species is Loczyella" parvula Licharew (1930).
Patellamia^[22]	Gen. et 2 sp. nov	Valid	Waterhouse	Permian (Capitanian)	Trold Fiord Formation	Canada	A member of Productida belonging to the family Waagenoconchidae. The type species is P. confinis; genus also includes P. sulcata.
Piyasinia^[22]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Waterhouse	Permian (Changhsingian)	Huai Tak Formation	Thailand	A member of Productida belonging to the family Costispiniferidae. The type species is "Spinomarginifera" plana Waterhouse (1983)
Plectothyrella? itacurubiensis^[25]	Sp. nov	Valid	Benedetto, Halpern & Inchausti	Late Ordovician (Hirnantian)	Eusebio Ayala Formation	Paraguay	Possibly a species of Plectothyrella.
Plicosentosia^[22]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Waterhouse	Devonian (Famennian)	Myrtlevale Formation	Australia	A member of Productida belonging to the family Sentosiidae. The type species is "Sentosia" plicata McKellar (1970).
Praelaminatia^[22]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Waterhouse	Devonian (Famennian)	Myrtlevale Formation	Australia	A member of Productida belonging to the family Echinoconchidae. The type species is "Laminatia" jacki McKellar (1970).
Praeschrenkiella^[23]	Gen. et 2 sp. nov	Valid	Waterhouse	Carboniferous (Gzhelian)	Jungle Creek Formation	Canada ( Yukon)	A member of Productida belonging to the family Schrenkiellidae. The type species is P. waddingtonae; genus also includes P. costata.
Primotimena^[38]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Zhan et al.	Ordovician (Dapingian)	Daguanshan Formation	China	A member of Strophomenoidea belonging to the family Glyptomenidae. The type species is P. globula.
Proclinorthis^[40]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Colmenar, Villas & Vizcaïno	Late Ordovician	Glauzy Formation	France	A platyorthid. The type species is Proclinorthis vailhanensis.
Proteusiella^[22]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Waterhouse	Devonian (Famennian)		Australia	A member of Productida belonging to the family Productellidae. The type species is "Avonia" proteus Veevers (1959).
Pseudocrania insperata^[41]	Sp. nov	Valid	Bassett et al.	Middle Ordovician (Darriwilian)	Lashkarak Formation	Iran	A member of Craniida, a species of Pseudocrania.
Pupiaoia^[28]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Xu	Ordovician (late Darriwilian)	Shihtien Formation	China	A member of Orthoidea belonging to the new family Pupiaoiidae. The type species is P. pupiaoensis.
Putapustula^[22]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Waterhouse	Carboniferous (Tournaisian)	Bingleburra Formation	Australia	A member of Productida belonging to the family Waagenoconchidae. The type species is "Pustula" multispinata Roberts (1963).
Putusia^[22]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Waterhouse	Carboniferous	St. Joe Formation	Canada ( Alberta) United States ( Oklahoma)	A member of Productida belonging to the family Waagenoconchidae. The type species is "Pustula" oklahomae Carter (1999); genus also includes "Pustula" morrocreekensis Carter (1987).
Quadralosia^[22]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Waterhouse	Carboniferous	Hart River Formation	Canada ( Yukon)	A member of Productida belonging to the family Chonopectidae. The type species is Q. delicata.
Quasimingenewia^[22]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Waterhouse	Permian (Changhsingian)	Manang Group	Nepal	A member of Productida belonging to the family Ctenalosiidae. The type species is Q. imperator.
Quospina^[23]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Waterhouse	Carboniferous (Viséan)		Australia	A member of Productida belonging to the family Paucispiniferidae. The type species is Productina" morrisi Roberts (1976).
Ramaliconcha^[22]	Gen. et 2 sp. nov	Valid	Waterhouse	Carboniferous (Gzhelian) to Permian (Sakmarian)	Jungle Creek Formation	Canada ( Yukon)	A member of Productida belonging to the family Rhamnariidae. The type species is R. bitteri; genus also includes R. guryulensis from Kashmir.
Rangaria^[22]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Waterhouse	Carboniferous (Tournaisian)	Rangari Limestone	Australia	A member of Productida belonging to the family Araksalosiidae. The type species is "Acanthatia" rangariensis Campbell & Engel (1963).
Repinia^[23]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Waterhouse	Permian (Capitanian)		Russia	A member of Productida belonging to the family Stepanoviellidae. The type species is "Cancrinella" repini Zavodowsky (1960).
Retiarisia^[22]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Waterhouse	Carboniferous (Tournaisian)		Australia	A member of Productida belonging to the family Dictyoclostidae. The type species is "Dictyoclostus" simplex Campbell (1957); genus also includes "Dictyoclostus" paradoxus Campbell (1957).
Reticulatia oldershawi^[22]	Sp. nov	Valid	Waterhouse	Carboniferous (Gzhelian)	Jungle Creek Formation	Canada ( Nunavut)	A member of Productida belonging to the family Retariidae.
Reticulumia^[22]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Waterhouse	Carboniferous (Bashkirian)	Branch Creek Formation	Australia	A member of Productida belonging to the family Dictyoclostidae. The type species is "Reticulatia" cinctifera Roberts (1976).
Robertsina^[22]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Waterhouse	Carboniferous (Viséan)	Bennington Siltstone	Australia	A member of Productida belonging to the family Retariidae. The type species is "Marginatia" patersonensis Roberts (1965).
Rugania^[23]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Waterhouse	Permian		United States ( Texas)	A member of Productida belonging to the family Paucispinauriidae. The type species is "Cancrinella" subquadrata Cooper & Grant (1975).
Sangredonia^[22]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Waterhouse	Carboniferous	La Pasad Formation	United States ( New Mexico)	A member of Productida belonging to the family Horridoniidae. The type species is "Horridonia" daltonensis Sutherland & Harlow (1973).
Sapelnikoviella^[42]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Blodgett et al.	Silurian (Ludlow)		United States	A gypidulinid brachiopod. Genus includes new species S. santuccii.
Sartenaeria^[23]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Waterhouse	Carboniferous (Viséan)		Belgium	A member of Productida belonging to the family Proboscidellidae. The type species is "Productus" koninckianus Verneuil (1845).
Septumusia^[22]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Waterhouse	Permian (Wuchiapingian)	Wargal Formation	Pakistan	A member of Productida belonging to the family Echinoconchidae. The type species is "Productus (Tschernyschewia)" vicinalis Reed (1944).
Shuangheella^[38]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Zhan et al.	Ordovician (Dapingian)	Daguanshan Formation	China	A member of Strophomenoidea belonging to the family Rafinesquinidae. The type species is S. elongata.
Shumardoria^[22]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Waterhouse	Permian (Capitanian)	Capitan Formation	United States ( New Mexico)	A member of Productida belonging to the family Rhamnariidae. The type species is "Aulosteges" guadalupensis Shumard (1860).
Sierradiabloa^[22]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Waterhouse	Permian (Artinskian)	Bone Spring Formation	United States ( Texas)	A member of Productida belonging to the family Tschernyschewiidae. The type species is "Tschernyschewia" americana Cooper & Grant (1975).
Sphenope^[43]	Gen. et comb. et sp. nov	Valid	Vörös	Late Jurassic to Early Cretaceous (Tithonian to Berriasian)		Hungary Italy	A pygopid terebratulid. A new genus for "Terebratula" misilmerensis Gemmellaro (1871); genus also contains the new species Sphenope bifida.
Spinauricula^[22]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Waterhouse	Devonian (Famennian)	Myrtlevale Formation	Australia	A member of Productida belonging to the family Sentosiidae. The type species is "Sentosia" profunda McKellar (1970).
Spinellicosta^[22]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Waterhouse	Devonian (Famennian)	Myrtlevale Formation	Australia	A member of Productida belonging to the family Productellidae. The type species is "Spinulicosta" dotswoodae McKellar (1970).
Stainbrookia^[22]	Gen. et comb. nov	Junior homonym	Waterhouse	Carboniferous (Mississippian)	Aplington Formation	United States ( Iowa)	A member of Productida belonging to the family Caucasiproductidae. The type species is "Strophalosia" butlerensis Stainbrook (1950). The generic name is preoccupied by Stainbrookia Cooper & Dubro (1982).
Strophalosiaria^[22]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Waterhouse	Permian (Asselian)	Kansas Creek Formation	Australia	A member of Productida belonging to the family Strophalosiidae. The type species is "Strophalosia" concentrica Clarke (1990).
Sulcatospira simplex^[21]	Sp. nov	Valid	Rong et al.	Silurian (Rhuddanian)		China	A member of Atrypida belonging to the family Atrypidae.
Sutherlandika^[23]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Waterhouse	Carboniferous	La Pasada Formation	United States ( New Mexico)	A member of Productida belonging to the family Paucispiniferidae. The type species is Kozlowskia" montgomeryi Sutherland & Harlow (1973).
Taboadaia^[22]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Waterhouse	Carboniferous (Viséan)	San Eduardo Formation	Argentina	A member of Productida belonging to the family Overtoniidae. The type species is "Absenticosta" bruntoneileenae Taboada & Shi (2011).
Tapajosia^[23]	Gen. et comb. nov	Junior homonym	Waterhouse	Carboniferous (Bashkirian)	Itaituba Formation	Brazil	A member of Productida belonging to the family Linoproductidae. The type species is "Linoproductus" caima Chen, Tazawa & Shi in Chen et al. (2004). The generic name is preoccupied by Tapajosia Townsend (1934).
Tethyochonetes cheni^[36]	Sp. nov	Valid	Zhang et al.	Late Permian (Changhsingian)		China	A member of Rugosochonetidae, a species of Tethyochonetes.
Tethyochonetes sheni^[36]	Sp. nov	Valid	Zhang et al.	Late Permian (Changhsingian)		China	A member of Rugosochonetidae, a species of Tethyochonetes.
Titanisia^[22]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Waterhouse	Permian (Kungurian)	Skinner Ranch Formation	United States ( Texas)	A member of Productida belonging to the family Scacchinellidae. The type species is "Scacchinella" titan Cooper & Grant (1975).
Tityrophoria zimmermani^[22]	Sp. nov	Valid	Waterhouse	Carboniferous (Gzhelian)	Jungle Creek Formation	Canada ( Yukon)	A member of Productida belonging to the family Dictyoclostidae.
Tortilisia^[23]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Waterhouse	Carboniferous		Ireland United Kingdom	A member of Productida belonging to the family Proboscidellidae. The type species is "Producta" tortilis M'Coy (1844).
Tubersulcus reidi^[22]	Sp. nov	Valid	Waterhouse	Permian (Asselian)	Jungle Creek Formation	Canada ( Yukon)	A member of Productida belonging to the family Sentosiidae.
Umaria^[23]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Waterhouse	Permian (Sakmarian)	Umaria Coal Measures	India	A member of Productida belonging to the family Auriculispinidae. The type species is "Productus" umariensis Reed (1928).
Vagarea^[23]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Waterhouse	Permian (Kungurian)	Cathedral Mountain Formation	United States ( Texas)	A member of Productida belonging to the family Paucispinauriidae. The type species is "Grandaurispina" vaga Cooper & Grant (1975).
Waggononia^[22]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Waterhouse	Carboniferous (Tournaisian)		Australia	A member of Productida belonging to the family Avoniidae. The type species is "Protoniella" waggonensis Roberts (1971).
Yacotania^[22]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Waterhouse	Permian (Asselian)	Copacabana Formation	Bolivia	A member of Productida belonging to the family Dictyoclostidae. The type species is "Reticulatia" globosa Samtleben (1971).
Yanagidania^[23]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Waterhouse	Carboniferous (Moscovian)	Khao Luak beds	Thailand	A member of Productida belonging to the family Paucispiniferidae. The type species is "Desmoinesia" prayongi Yanagida (1975).
Yuhangella^[21]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Rong et al.	Ordovician (Hirnantian) and Silurian (Rhuddanian)	Anji Formation Yankou Formation	China	A member of Dalmanelloidea belonging to the family Dalmanellidae. The type species is Y. yui.

Molluscs

Echinoderms

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes
Abertella miskellyi^[44]	Sp. nov	Valid	Kroh et al.	Miocene	Camarones Formation	Argentina	An abertellid sand dollar, a species of Abertella.
Alternacantha^[45]	Gen. et 4 sp. nov	Valid	Thuy & Meyer	Jurassic (Toarcian to Kimmeridgian)^[46]	Chari Formation^[46]	France^[46] India^[46] Switzerland Morocco?^[46]	An ophiacanthid brittle star. The type species is Alternacantha occulta; genus also includes A. schwermannorum, A. arges and A. dilionessa.^[46]
Aragocystites^[47]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Zamora	Middle Cambrian	Murero Formation	Spain	An edrioasteroid. The type species is Aragocystites belli.
Bathyovulaster^[48]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Smith	Santonian		Italy	A spatangoid. The type species is Bathyovulaster disjunctus.
Bellastrella^[49]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Müller, Hahn and Bohatý	Middle Devonian		Germany	An agelacrinitid edrioasteroid. The type species is Bellastrella eifeliana.
Ctenocrinus branisai^[50]	Sp. nov	Valid	Thompson, Ausich & Smith	Early Devonian (Emsian)	Belèn Formation	Bolivia	A crinoid, a species of Ctenocrinus.
Cyclolampas altus^[51]	Sp. nov	Valid	Saucede et al.	Middle Jurassic (late Callovian)		France	An echinoid, a species of Cyclolampas.
Dermacantha^[46]	Gen. et 3 sp. et comb. nov	Valid	Thuy	Jurassic (Hettangian to Kimmeridgian)		Belgium France Germany Luxembourg United Kingdom	A brittle star belonging to the family Ophiacanthidae. The type species is D. leonorae; genus also includes new species D. pattyana and D. carli, as well as "Ophiocten" seeweni Kutscher & Hary (1991).
Dermocoma faberi^[46]	Sp. nov	Valid	Thuy	Early Jurassic (Hettangian)		Belgium Luxembourg	A brittle star belonging to the family Ophiacanthidae.
Dermocoma longwyensis^[46]	Sp. nov	Valid	Thuy	Middle Jurassic (Bajocian)		France	A brittle star belonging to the family Ophiacanthidae.
Dermocoma numbergerorum^[46]	Sp. nov	Valid	Thuy	Late Jurassic (Oxfordian)		France	A brittle star belonging to the family Ophiacanthidae.
Dermocoma potti^[46]	Sp. nov	Valid	Thuy	Early Jurassic (Pliensbachian)		France	A brittle star belonging to the family Ophiacanthidae.
Dermocoma simonschneideri^[46]	Sp. nov	Valid	Thuy	Late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian)	Amaral Formation La Pointe du Chay	France Portugal	A brittle star belonging to the family Ophiacanthidae.
Eolaxoporus^[46]	Gen. et 2 sp. nov	Valid	Thuy	Triassic (Anisian and Carnian) and Early Jurassic (late Sinemurian to early Pliensbachian)	Cassian Formation Hanwang Formation Trochitenkalk Formation	Austria China Germany Italy	A brittle star belonging to the family Ophiacanthidae. The type species is E. hagdorni; genus also includes E. imminens.
Eozonella^[52]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Thuy, Marty & Comment	Late Jurassic (late Oxfordian)		Switzerland	An ophiolepidid brittle star. The type species is Eozonella bergeri.
Europacantha^[46]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Thuy	Middle Triassic (Anisian)	Felsöörs Formation	Hungary	A brittle star belonging to the family Ophiacanthidae. The type species is E. paciphila.
Geromura^[46]	Gen. et 2 sp. nov	Valid	Thuy	Middle Jurassic (Bajocian-Bathonian boundary) to Early Cretaceous (Valanginian)		Austria France	A brittle star belonging to the family Ophiacanthidae. The type species is G. teckliformis; genus also includes G. touertensis.
Graciacystis^[53]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Zamora, Rahman & Smith	Middle Cambrian		Spain	A basal cinctan echinoderm. The type species is Graciacystis ambigua.
Griphocrinus pirovanoi^[50]	Sp. nov	Valid	Thompson, Ausich & Smith	Early Devonian (Emsian)	Icla Formation	Bolivia	A crinoid, a species of Griphocrinus.
Hanshessia^[45]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Thuy & Meyer	Early^[46] and Middle Jurassic	Chari Formation^[46]	Austria^[46] France^[46] Germany^[46] India^[46] Switzerland	An ophiacanthid brittle star. The type species is Hanshessia trochitophila.
Inexpectacantha ritae^[46]	Sp. nov	Valid	Thuy	Early Jurassic (Hettangian)		Belgium Luxembourg	A brittle star belonging to the family Ophiacanthidae.
Inexpectacantha weisi^[46]	Sp. nov	Valid	Thuy	Early Jurassic (Hettangian to Sinemurian)		Belgium Luxembourg	A brittle star belonging to the family Ophiacanthidae.
Ishidacantha^[46]	Gen. et comb. et 2 sp. nov	Valid	Thuy	Jurassic (Toarcian to Oxfordian)	Chari Formation	France Germany India	A brittle star belonging to the family Ophiacanthidae. The type species is "Ophiopholis" trispinosa Hess (1965); genus also includes new species I. hirokoae and I. fuersichi.
Juracantha^[52]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Thuy, Marty & Comment	Late Jurassic (late Oxfordian)		Switzerland	An ophiacanthid brittle star. The type species is Juracantha hottingeri.
Kosachenkoastrus^[54]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Rozhnov	Middle Ordovician		Russia	A member of Parablastoidea. The type species is Kosachenkoastrus volkhovensis.
Krohcoma^[46]	Gen. et 2 sp. nov	Valid	Thuy	Jurassic (late Sinemurian to Kimmeridgian)	Amaral Formation La Pointe du Chay Patcham Formation	Austria France India Portugal	A brittle star belonging to the family Ophiacanthidae. The type species is K. mira; genus also includes K. ampla.
Lapidaster^[46]	Gen. et 9 sp. et comb. nov	Valid	Thuy	Jurassic and Early Cretaceous (late Sinemurian to Albian)	Bärschwil Formation Chari Formation	Austria France Germany India Switzerland United Kingdom	A brittle star belonging to the family Ophiacanthidae. The type species is L. hystricarboris; genus also includes L. caeloscopus, L. coreytaylori, L. etteri, L. lukenederi, L. mastodon, L. mathcore, L. wolfii and L. varuna, as well as "Sinosura" fasciata Kutscher & Villier (2003).
Lutocrinus^[50]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Thompson, Ausich & Smith	Early Devonian (Emsian)	Icla Formation	Bolivia	A crinoid. The type species is Lutocrinus boliviaensis.
Magnuscrinus kammeri^[55]	Sp. nov	Valid	Krivicich, Ausich & Keyes	Carboniferous (Viséan)	Fort Payne Formation	United States	A crinoid.
Manfredura^[46]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Thuy	Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)		Germany	A brittle star belonging to the family Ophiacanthidae. The type species is "Ophiomyxa" curvata Kutscher & Jagt (2000).
Megaradialocrinus dorotheakochae^[56]	Sp. nov	Valid	Bohatý & Hein	Devonian		Germany	A camerate crinoid belonging to the group Monobathrida and the family Hexacrinitidae.
Nanocarpus guoleensis^[57]	Sp. nov	Valid	Chen & Han	Cambrian (Furongian)	Guole Formation	China	A member of Stylophora.
Ophiocamax dorotheae^[46]	Sp. nov	Valid	Thuy	Late Jurassic (Oxfordian)		France Switzerland	A brittle star belonging to the family Ophiacanthidae.
Ophiacantha jaegeri^[46]	Sp. nov	Valid	Thuy	Early Cretaceous (Hauterivian)		Germany	A brittle star belonging to the family Ophiacanthidae.
Ophiacantha reginae^[46]	Sp. nov	Valid	Thuy	Late Cretaceous (late Campanian)		Germany	A brittle star belonging to the family Ophiacanthidae.
Ophiacantha steffenschneideri^[46]	Sp. nov	Valid	Thuy	Oligocene (Rupelian)		Germany	A brittle star belonging to the family Ophiacanthidae.
Ophiogaleus^[46]	Gen. et comb. et sp. nov	Valid	Thuy	Jurassic and Cretaceous (late Sinemurian to Maastrichtian)	Agardhfjellet Formation^[58] Chari Formation	Austria Belgium Denmark France Germany India Norway^[58] Switzerland	A brittle star belonging to the family Ophiacanthidae. The type species is "Ophiacantha" constricta Hess (1966); genus also includes "Ophiacantha" danica Rasmussen (1952) and "Ophiacantha" dorecki Hess (1962), as well as new species O. stans.
Ophiojagtus^[46]	Gen. et 2 sp. et comb. nov	Valid	Thuy	Late Jurassic and Cretaceous (Oxfordian to Maastrichtian)	Amaral Formation La Pointe du Chay	Belgium France Germany Portugal Switzerland United States	A brittle star belonging to the family Ophiacanthidae. The type species is O. acklesi; genus also includes new species O. irimurai, as well as "Hemieuryale" argoviensis Hess (1966) and "Ophiosmilax" alternatus Kutscher & Jagt (2000).
Ophioleviathan^[46]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Thuy	Early Jurassic (late Sinemurian to late Pliensbachian)		Austria Switzerland	A brittle star belonging to the family Ophiacanthidae. The type species is O. watsoni.
Ophiolimna kucerai^[46]	Sp. nov	Valid	Thuy	Early Cretaceous (latest Aptian to earliest Albian)		Atlantic Ocean (Blake Nose)	A brittle star belonging to the family Ophiacanthidae.
Ophiolimna lisae^[46]	Sp. nov	Valid	Thuy	Late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian)	Amaral Formation La Pointe du Chay	France Portugal	A brittle star belonging to the family Ophiacanthidae.
Ophiolimna malagasica^[46]	Sp. nov	Valid	Thuy	Middle Jurassic (Bathonian to Callovian)	Patcham Formation	India	A brittle star belonging to the family Ophiacanthidae.
Ophiolimna tiamatia^[46]	Sp. nov	Valid	Thuy	Early Jurassic (late Sinemurian to early Pliensbachian)		Austria	A brittle star belonging to the family Ophiacanthidae.
Ophiologimus aiodipius^[46]	Sp. nov	Valid	Thuy	Early Cretaceous (latest Aptian to earliest Albian)		Atlantic Ocean (Blake Nose)	A brittle star belonging to the family Ophiacanthidae.
Ophiologimus martynovi^[46]	Sp. nov	Valid	Thuy	Early Cretaceous (latest Aptian to earliest Albian)		Atlantic Ocean (Blake Nose)	A brittle star belonging to the family Ophiacanthidae.
Ophiomalleus^[46]	Gen. et 2 sp. nov	Valid	Thuy	Middle Jurassic (Callovian) to Early Cretaceous (Hauterivian)		Germany	A brittle star belonging to the family Ophiacanthidae. The type species is O. beneficarum; genus also includes O. stevenwilsoni.
Ophiosternle^[59]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Thuy & Schulz	Late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian)	Mergelstetten Formation	Germany	A brittle star belonging to the family Ophiacanthidae. The type species is "Ophiurites" crinitus Quenstedt (1876).
Ophiotholia aurora^[45]	Sp. nov	Valid	Thuy & Meyer	Middle Jurassic		Switzerland	An ophiomycetid brittle star, a species of Ophiotholia.
Ophiotoma charlottae^[46]	Sp. nov	Valid	Thuy	Late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian)		France	A brittle star belonging to the family Ophiacanthidae.
Ophiotoma incredibilis^[46]	Sp. nov	Valid	Thuy	Early Cretaceous (latest Aptian to earliest Albian)		Atlantic Ocean (Blake Nose)	A brittle star belonging to the family Ophiacanthidae.
Ophiotoma vadosa^[46]	Sp. nov	Valid	Thuy	Early Jurassic (Pliensbachian)		Switzerland United Kingdom	A brittle star belonging to the family Ophiacanthidae.
Ophiotreta dendrophyllicola^[46]	Sp. nov	Valid	Thuy	Paleocene (Danian)		Denmark	A brittle star belonging to the family Ophiacanthidae.
Ophiotreta hedone^[46]	Sp. nov	Valid	Thuy	Eocene (Lutetian)		France	A brittle star belonging to the family Ophiacanthidae.
Ophiotreta stefaniae^[46]	Sp. nov	Valid	Thuy	Late Jurassic (Oxfordian)		Germany	A brittle star belonging to the family Ophiacanthidae.
Protoscutella palmeri^[60]	Sp. nov	Valid	Osborn, Mooi & Ciampaglio	Eocene (Lutetian)	Santee Limestone	United States	A sand dollar belonging to the group Scutellina and the family Protoscutellidae.
Regulaecystis testudineus^[61]	Sp nov	Valid	Nardin & Bohatý	Devonian (Eifelian)		Germany	A blastozoan belonging to the family Pleurocystitidae.
Reitneracantha^[46]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Thuy	Early Jurassic (late Sinemurian to early Pliensbachian)		Austria	A brittle star belonging to the family Ophiacanthidae. The type species is R. dissidens.
Rhenopyrgus piojoensis^[62]	Sp nov	Valid	Sumrall, Heredia, Rodríguez & Mestre	Silurian (lower Ludlow)	Los Espejos Formation	Argentina	A rhenopyrgid edrioasteroid, a species of Rhenopyrgus.
Sabinacantha^[46]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Thuy	Late Jurassic (Oxfordian)		Germany	A brittle star belonging to the family Ophiacanthidae. The type species is S. archetypa.
Simakocrinus^[63]	Gen. et 2 sp. nov.	Valid	Prokop	Devonian (Pragian, Emsian and Eifelian)		Czech Republic	A crinoid belonging to the group Disparida, possibly a member of the family Myelodactylidae. The type species is Simakocrinus facilis sp. nov (col.); genus also contains Simakocrinus diligens sp. nov (col.).

Conodonts

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes
Acanthodus humachensis^[64]	Sp nov	Valid	Zeballo & Albanesi	Late Cambrian (late Furongian) or early Ordovician (Tremadocian)	Santa Rosita Formation	Argentina	A species of Acanthodus.
Acanthodus raqueli^[64]	Sp nov	Valid	Zeballo & Albanesi	Late Cambrian (late Furongian) or early Ordovician (Tremadocian)	Santa Rosita Formation	Argentina	A species of Acanthodus.
Acodus primitivus^[64]	Sp nov	Valid	Zeballo & Albanesi	Late Cambrian (late Furongian) or early Ordovician (Tremadocian)	Santa Rosita Formation	Argentina	A species of Acodus.
Acuminatella^[65]	Gen. et 2 sp. nov	Valid	Orchard	Late Triassic (late Carnian to early Norian)	Pardonet Formation	Canada	A gondolellid ozarkodinid. The type species is Acuminatella acuminata; genus also contains Acuminatella angusta.
Bispathodus ultimus bartzschi^[66]	Subsp nov	Valid	Kononova & Weyer	Devonian (late Famennian)		Germany	A subspecies of Bispathodus ultimus.
Carnepigondolella eozoae^[65]	Sp. nov	Valid	Orchard	Late Triassic (late Carnian)	Ludington Formation	Canada	A gondolellid ozarkodinid, a species of Carnepigondolella.
Carnepigondolella medioconstricta^[65]	Sp. nov	Valid	Orchard	Late Triassic (late Carnian)	Ludington Formation	Canada	A gondolellid ozarkodinid, a species of Carnepigondolella.
Furnishina leei^[67]	Sp. nov	Valid	Lee	Cambrian	Machari Formation	South Korea
Histiodella wuhaiensis^[68]	Sp. nov	Valid	Wang et al.	Ordovician	Lower Klimoli Formation	China
Idiognathodus craticulinodosus^[69]	Sp. nov	Valid	Ishida, Suzuki & Inada	Carboniferous (middle–late Bashkirian to early Moscovian)	Ko-yama Limestone Group	Japan
Idiognathodus heckeli^[70]	Sp. nov	Valid	Rosscoe & Barrick	Carboniferous	Exline Limestone Hertha Limestone Hushpuckney Shale Lower Brush Creek Shale	United States
Idiognathodus papulatus^[70]	Sp. nov	Valid	Rosscoe & Barrick	Carboniferous	Hushpuckney Shale Lower Brush Creek Shale	United States
Idiognathodus pseudocarinatus^[70]	Sp. nov	Valid	Rosscoe & Barrick	Carboniferous	Hushpuckney Shale Lower Brush Creek Shale	United States
Kallidontus gondwanicus^[64]	Sp nov	Valid	Zeballo & Albanesi	Late Cambrian (late Furongian) or early Ordovician (Tremadocian)	Santa Rosita Formation	Argentina	A species of Kallidontus.
Kraussodontus^[65]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Orchard	Late Triassic (late Carnian)	Pardonet Formation	Canada	A gondolellid ozarkodinid. The type species is Kraussodontus peteri.
Mesogondolella daheshenensis^[71]	Sp nov	Valid	Wang in Zhou et al.	Permian (probably Wordian)	Daheshen Formation	China	A species of Mesogondolella.
Mesogondolella subgracilis^[71]	Sp nov	Valid	Wang in Zhou et al.	Permian (probably Wordian)	Daheshen Formation	China	A species of Mesogondolella.
Metapolygnathus mazzai^[72]	Sp. nov	Valid	Karádi, Kozur & Görögt	Late Triassic (late Carnian and early Norian)	Csővár Limestone Formation	Hungary Italy
Muellerilepis^[73]	Nom. nov	Valid	Bardashev & Bardasheva	Middle Devonian (Givetian)		Tajikistan	A replacement name for Muellerina Bardashev & Bardasheva (2012) (preoccupied).
Naimanodus^[74]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Tolmacheva	Middle Ordovician		Kazakhstan Kyrgyzstan Russia	The type species is Naimanodus degtyarevi.
Neopolygnathus margaretae^[66]	Sp nov	Valid	Kononova & Weyer	Devonian (late Famennian)		Germany	A species of Neopolygnathus.
Notiodella^[75]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Aldridge et al.	Late Ordovician	Soom Shale Member, Cedarberg Formation	South Africa	A member of Prioniodontida belonging to the family Balognathidae. The type species is Notiodella keblon.
Oncodella mostleri^[72]	Sp. nov	Valid	Karádi, Kozur & Görögt	Late Triassic (early Norian)	Csővár Limestone Formation	Hungary
Palmatolepis khaensis^[76]	Sp. nov	Valid	Savage	Late Devonian		Thailand
Palmatolepis marki^[76]	Sp. nov	Valid	Savage	Late Devonian		Thailand
Palmatolepis subperlobata lapoensis^[76]	Subsp. nov	Valid	Savage	Late Devonian		Thailand
Parapetella^[65]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Orchard	Late Triassic (late Carnian to early Norian)	Pardonet Formation	Canada	A gondolellid ozarkodinid. The type species is Parapetella prominens.
Polygnathus burretti^[76]	Sp. nov	Valid	Savage	Late Devonian		Thailand
Polygnathus communis hanensis^[76]	Subsp. nov	Valid	Savage	Late Devonian		Thailand
Polygnathus communis namdipensis^[76]	Subsp. nov	Valid	Savage	Late Devonian		Thailand
Polygnathus communis phaphaensis^[76]	Subsp. nov	Valid	Savage	Late Devonian		Thailand
Polygnathus crassulus salapensis^[76]	Subsp. nov	Valid	Savage	Late Devonian		Thailand
Polygnathus extralobatus phoensis^[76]	Subsp. nov	Valid	Savage	Late Devonian		Thailand
Polygnathus hojedki^[77]	Sp. nov	Valid	Gholamalian et al.	Devonian		Iran	A species of Polygnathus.
Polygnathus pseudocostatus^[78]	Sp nov	Valid	Klapper & Vodrážková	Devonian		United States	A species of Polygnathus.
Primatella^[65]	Gen. et comb. et 2 sp. nov	Valid	Orchard	Late Triassic (late Carnian to early Norian)	Pardonet Formation	Canada	A gondolellid ozarkodinid. A new genus for "Epigondolella" primitia Mosher (1970); genus also contains new species Primatella asymmetrica and Primatella conservativa.
Pseudopolygnathus granulosus laepensis^[76]	Subsp. nov	Valid	Savage	Late Devonian		Thailand
Pseudopolygnathus granulosus salawinensis^[76]	Subsp. nov	Valid	Savage	Late Devonian		Thailand
Pseudopolygnathus maepoensis^[76]	Sp. nov	Valid	Savage	Late Devonian		Thailand
Quadralella^[65]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Orchard	Late Triassic (late Carnian)	Ludington Formation	Canada	A gondolellid ozarkodinid. The type species is Quadralella lobata.
Siphonodella banraiensis^[76]	Sp. nov	Valid	Savage	Late Devonian		Thailand
Tilcarodus^[64]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Zeballo & Albanesi	Early Ordovician	Rupasca Formation	Argentina	A new genus for "Utahconus" humahuacensis Albanesi and Aceñolaza (2005).
Trapezognathus? primitivus^[79]	Sp. nov	Valid	Voldman, Albanesi & Zeballo in Voldman et al.	Early Ordovician	Acoite Formation	Argentina	Originally described as a possible species of Trapezognathus; subsequently made the type species of a separate genus Zentagnathus.^[80]
Utahconus purmamarcensis^[64]	Sp nov	Valid	Zeballo & Albanesi	Late Cambrian (late Furongian) or early Ordovician (Tremadocian)	Santa Rosita Formation	Argentina	A species of Utahconus.
Utahconus scandodiformis^[64]	Sp nov	Valid	Zeballo & Albanesi	Late Cambrian (late Furongian) or early Ordovician (Tremadocian)	Santa Rosita Formation	Argentina	A species of Utahconus.
Utahconus tortibasis^[64]	Sp nov	Valid	Zeballo & Albanesi	Late Cambrian (late Furongian) or early Ordovician (Tremadocian)	Santa Rosita Formation	Argentina	A species of Utahconus.
Variabiloconus crassus^[64]	Sp nov	Valid	Zeballo & Albanesi	Late Cambrian (late Furongian) or early Ordovician (Tremadocian)	Santa Rosita Formation	Argentina	A species of Variabiloconus.

Fishes

Amphibians

Research

Laloy et al. (2013) reinterpret the Eocene frog species Rana cadurcorum from the Quercy Phosphorites (France) as a junior synonym of Thaumastosaurus gezei.^[81]

Newly named temnospondyls

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes
Broiliellus reiszi^[82]	Sp. nov	Valid	Holmes, Berman & Anderson	Early Permian	El Cobre Canyon Formation	United States	A dissorophid, a species of Broiliellus.
Parotosuchus ptaszynskii^[83]	Sp nov	Valid	Sulej & Niedźwiedzki	Late Olenekian		Poland	A species of Parotosuchus.
Reiszerpeton^[84]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Maddin et al.	Early Permian	Archer City Formation	United States	A dissorophid. The type species is Reiszerpeton renascentis.
Scapanops^[85]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Schoch & Sues	Early Permian	Nocona Formation	United States	A dissorophid. The type species is Scapanops neglecta.
Tersomius dolesensis^[86]	Sp nov	Valid	Anderson & Bolt	Early Permian		United States	A species of Tersomius.
Trimerorhachis greggi^[87]	Sp nov	Valid	Milner & Schoch	Early Permian		United States	A species of Trimerorhachis.

Newly named lepospondyls

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes
Batropetes niederkirchensis^[88]	Sp. nov	Valid	Glienke	Early Permian (Rotliegend)	Saar–Nahe Basin	Germany	A species of Batropetes.
Huskerpeton^[89]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Huttenlocker et al.	Early Permian	Eskridge Formation	United States	A recumbirostran. The type species is Huskerpeton englehorni.
Proxilodon^[89]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Huttenlocker et al.	Early Permian	Speiser Formation	United States	A recumbirostran, a new genus for "Euryodus" bonneri.

Newly named lissamphibians

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes
Aerugoamnis^[90]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Henrici, Báez & Grande	Early Eocene (Wasatchian)	Green River Formation	United States	A relative of parsley frogs. The type species is Aerugoamnis paulus.
Eobarbourula^[91]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Folie et al.	Early Eocene	Cambay Shale Formation	India	A bombinatorid. Its type species is Eobarbourula delfinoi.
Gracilibatrachus^[92]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Báez	Early Cretaceous (late Barremian)		Spain	A relative of the family Pipidae. The type species is Gracilibatrachus avallei.
Iberobatrachus^[92]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Báez	Early Cretaceous (late Barremian)		Spain	A close relative of the genus Discoglossus. The type species is Iberobatrachus angelae.
Ichthyosaura randeckensis^[93]	Sp. nov	Valid	Schoch & Rasser	Miocene		Germany	A newt related to the Alpine newt.
Indorana^[91]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Folie et al.	Early Eocene	Cambay Shale Formation	India	A possible rhacophorid. Its type species is Indorana prasadi.
Leiopelma acricarina^[94]	Sp. nov	Valid	Worthy et al.	Early Miocene		New Zealand	A member of Leiopelmatidae.
Leiopelma miocaenale^[94]	Sp. nov	Valid	Worthy et al.	Early Miocene		New Zealand	A member of Leiopelmatidae.
Liaobatrachus zhaoi^[95]	Sp. nov	Valid	Dong et al.	Early Cretaceous (Barremian)	Yixian Formation	China	An anuran of uncertain phylogenetic placement, a species of Liaobatrachus.
Paranecturus^[96]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Demar	Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)	Hell Creek Formation	United States	A mudpuppy. The type species is Paranecturus garbanii.
Ukrainurus^[97]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Vasilyan et al.	Miocene		Ukraine	A relative of cryptobranchids. The type species is Ukrainurus hypsognathus.
Wesserpeton^[98]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Sweetman & Gardner	Barremian	Wessex Formation	England	An albanerpetontid.

Turtles

Research

A study on the anatomy of the brain and inner ear of the Jurassic turtle Plesiochelys etalloni is published by Paulina Carabajal et al. (2013).^[99]

Newly named turtles

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes
Adocus inexpectatus^[100]	Sp. nov	Valid	Danilov et al.	Late Eocene	Youganwo Formation	China	An adocid, a species of Adocus.
Atoposemys^[101]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Hutchison	Early Paleocene (Puercan)	Fort Union Formation	United States	A trionychid. The type species is Atoposemys entopteros.
Bairdemys healeyorum^[102]	Sp. nov	Valid	Weems & Knight	Late Oligocene	Chandler Bridge Formation	United States	A podocnemidid pleurodiran, a species of Bairdemys.
Basilemys gaffneyi^[103]	Sp. nov	Valid	Sullivan, Jasinski & Lucas	Late Campanian		United States	A nanhsiungchelyid turtle, a species of Basilemys.
Brachyopsemys^[104]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Tong & Meylan	Early Paleocene	Ouled Abdoun Basin	Morocco	A cryptodiran closely related to Sandownia. The type species is Brachyopsemys tingitana.
Camerochelys^[105]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Pérez-García & Murelaga	Early Cretaceous (Hauterivian or Barremian)	Cameros Basin	Spain	A member of Pan-Cryptodira (the clade containing living cryptodirans and all turtles sharing a more recent common ancestor with them than with pleurodirans), possibly a xinjiangchelyid. The type species is Camerochelys vilanovai.
Cardichelyon^[101]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Hutchison	Early Eocene (Wasatchian)		United States	A turtle of uncertain phylogenetic placement. Originally described as a platysternid, but subsequently argued to be a member of Kinosternoidea.^[106] The type species is Cardichelyon rogerwoodi.
?Centrochelys marocana^[107]	Sp. nov	Valid	Gmira et al.	Pliocene		Morocco	A tortoise, possibly a species of Centrochelys.
Changmachelys^[108]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Brinkman et al.	Early Cretaceous	Xiagou Formation	China	A member of (likely paraphyletic) group "Macrobaenidae". The type species is Changmachelys bohlini.
Chelodina (Chelodina) murrayi^[109]	Sp. nov	Valid	Yates	Late Miocene	Waite Formation	Australia	A chelid, a species of Chelodina.
Chelonoidis lutzae^[110]	Sp. nov	Valid	Zacarías et al.	Late Pleistocene (58–22 ka)		Argentina	A tortoise, a species of Chelonoidis.
Chrysemys isoni^[111]	Sp. nov	Valid	Weems & George	Miocene	Calvert Formation	United States	A relative of the painted turtle.
Cuora chiangmuanensis^[112]	Sp. nov	Valid	Naksri et al.	Late Middle or early Late Miocene		Thailand	An Asian box turtle.
Floridemys hurdi^[111]	Sp. nov	Valid	Weems & George	Miocene	Calvert Formation	United States	A tortoise, a species of Floridemys.
Kappachelys^[113]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Hirayama, Isaji & Hibino	Early Cretaceous	Akaiwa Formation	Japan	A turtle of uncertain phylogenetic placement. Originally considered to be a relative of trionychids; Skutschas et al. (2017) considered it to be either a pan-trionychian (sister taxon to Trionychia) or a pan-carettochelyid.^[114] The type species is Kappachelys okurai.
Laganemys^[115]	Gen. et sp. nov	Disputed	Sereno & ElShafie	Aptian or Albian	Elrhaz Formation	Niger	An araripemydid pleurodiran. The type species is Laganemys tenerensis. Pérez-García (2019) considered this species to be a junior synonym of Taquetochelys decorata.^[116]
Neochelys liriae^[117]	Sp. nov	Valid	Pérez-García & de Lapparent de Broin	Eocene (Ypresian)		France	A podocnemidid, a species of Neochelys.
Neurankylus lithographicus^[118]	Sp. nov	Valid	Larson et al.	Santonian	Milk River Formation	Canada	A neurankyline baenid, a species of Neurankylus.
Nostimochelone^[119]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Georgalis et al.	Early Miocene	Zeugostasion Formation	Greece	A pleurodiran, a member of Podocnemidoidea. The type species is Nostimochelone lampra.
Ocadia tanegashimensis^[120]	Sp. nov	Valid	Takahashi et al.	Early middle Miocene	Kawachi Formation	Japan	A geoemydid, a species of Ocadia.
Ocepechelon^[121]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Bardet et al.	Late Cretaceous (late Maastrichtian)	Oulad Abdoun Basin	Morocco	A relative of dermochelyids and protostegids. The type species is Ocepechelon bouyai.
Paramongolemys^[122]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Danilov & Sukhanov	Late Paleocene	Naranbulak Formation	Mongolia	A basal member of Testudinoidea. The type species is Paramongolemys khosatzkyi.
Planetochelys dithyros^[101]	Sp. nov	Valid	Hutchison	Early Eocene (Wasatchian)		United States	A relative of trionychids, a species of Planetochelys.
Psilosemys^[101]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Hutchison	Early Eocene (Wasatchian)		United States	The earliest North American emydid. The type species is Psilosemys wyomingensis.
Scabremys^[103]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Sullivan, Jasinski & Lucas	Late Campanian		United States	A baenid cryptodiran, a new genus for "Baena" ornata Gilmore (1935).
Shandongemys^[123]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Li et al.	Late Cretaceous		China	A lindholmemydid testudinoid. The type species is Shandongemys dongwuica.
Sinemys brevispinus^[124]	Sp. nov	Valid	Tong & Brinkman	Early Cretaceous	Luohandong Formation	China	A sinemydid cryptodiran, a species of Sinemys.
Spoochelys^[125]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Smith & Kear	Early or middle Albian	Griman Creek Formation	Australia	A meiolaniid-like turtle. The type species is Spoochelys ormondea.
Testudo oughlamensis^[107]	Sp. nov	Valid	Gmira et al.	Pliocene		Morocco	A tortoise, a species of Testudo.
Trapalcochelys^[126]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Sterli, de la Fuente & Cerda	Late Cretaceous (late Campanian to early Maastrichtian)	Allen Formation	Argentina	A relative of meiolaniid. The type species is Trapalcochelys sulcata.
Tullochelys^[101]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Hutchison	Maastrichtian to early Paleocene (Puercan)	Fort Union Formation Hell Creek Formation	United States	A chelydrid. The type species is Tullochelys montanus.
Xenochelys floridensis^[127]	Sp. nov	Valid	Bourque	Late Oligocene (early Arikareean)		United States	A kinosternid, a species of Xenochelys.
Xinjiangchelys radiplicatoides^[128]	Sp. nov	Valid	Brinkman et al.	Late Middle or early Late Jurassic	Shishugou Formation	China	A species of Xinjiangchelys.
Xinjiangchelys wusu^[129]	Sp. nov	Valid	Rabi et al.	Middle Jurassic	?Qigu Formation	China	A species of Xinjiangchelys.

Thalattosaurs

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Concavispina^[130]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Zhao et al.	Triassic	Xiaowa Formation	China	A thalattosaurid thalattosaur. The type species is Concavispina biseridens

Ichthyopterygians

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes
Chaohusaurus zhangjiawanensis^[131]	Sp. nov	Valid	Chen et al.	Early Triassic	Jialingjiang Formation	China	A species of Chaohusaurus.
Gulosaurus^[132]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Cuthbertson, Russell & Anderson	Early Triassic	Sulphur Mountain Formation	Canada	A grippidian. The type species is Gulosaurus helmi.
Malawania^[133]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Fischer et al.	Early Cretaceous (late Hauterivian to Barremian)		Iraq	A basal member of Thunnosauria. The type species is Malawania anachronus.
Qianichthyosaurus xingyiensis^[134]	Sp. nov	Valid	Ji, Jiang & Motani in Yang et al.	Middle Triassic (Ladinian)	Falang Formation	China
Thalattoarchon^[135]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Fröbisch et al.	Middle Triassic		United States	A merriamosaur ichthyosaur. The type species is Thalattoarchon saurophagis

Lepidosauromorphs

Newly named sauropterygians

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes
Cryonectes^[136]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Vincent, Bardet & Mattioli	Pliensbachian		France	A pliosaurid. The type species is Cryonectes neustriacus
Gronausaurus^[137]	Gen. et sp. nov	Disputed	Hampe	Early Cretaceous (Berriasian)		Germany	A member of Plesiosauroidea of uncertain phylogenetic placement,^[138] possibly a leptocleidid^[137] or an elasmosaurid.^[139] The type species is Gronausaurus wegneri. Sachs, Hornung & Kear (2016) considered it to be a junior synonym of Brancasaurus brancai.^[138]
Megacephalosaurus^[140]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Schumacher, Carpenter & Everhart	Late Cretaceous (middle Turonian)		United States	A pliosaurid. The type species is Megacephalosaurus eulerti.
Palatodonta^[141]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Neenan, Klein & Scheyer	Early Middle Triassic		Netherlands	A relative of placodonts. The type species is Palatodonta bleekeri.
Pliosaurus carpenteri^[139]	Sp. nov	Valid	Benson et al.	Late Jurassic	Kimmeridge Clay Formation	United Kingdom	A pliosaurid, a species of Pliosaurus
Pliosaurus kevani^[139]	Sp. nov	Valid	Benson et al.	Late Jurassic	Kimmeridge Clay Formation	United Kingdom	A pliosaurid, a species of Pliosaurus
Pliosaurus westburyensis^[139]	Sp. nov	Valid	Benson et al.	Late Jurassic	Kimmeridge Clay Formation	United Kingdom	A pliosaurid, a species of Pliosaurus
Serpianosaurus germanicus^[142]	Sp. nov	Valid	Diedrich	Middle Triassic (Anisian)		Germany	A pachypleurosaur, a species of Serpianosaurus.

Newly named rhynchocephalians

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Sphenotitan^[143]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Martínez et al.	Late Triassic	Quebrada del Barro Formation	Argentina	An opisthodontian rhynchocephalian. The type species is Sphenotitan leyesi.

Newly named lizards

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes
Apsgnathus^[144]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Nydam, Rowe & Cifelli	Late Cretaceous (late Campanian, Judithian)	Aguja Formation	United States	A member of Scincomorpha of uncertain phylogenetic placement. The type species is Apsgnathus triptodon.
Arcanosaurus^[145]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Houssaye et al.	Early Cretaceous (Barremian or Aptian)	Cameros Basin	Spain	An anguimorph lizard, possibly a varanoid. The type species is Arcanosaurus ibericus.
Arpadosaurus sepulchralis^[146]	Sp. nov	Valid	Smith & Gauthier	Early Eocene	Wasatch Formation	United States	A member of Glyptosaurinae, a species of Arpadosaurus.
Barbaturex^[147]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Head et al.	Late middle Eocene (37.2 ± 1.3 Ma)	Pondaung Formation	Myanmar	An iguanian lizard related to the genus Uromastyx. The type species is Barbaturex morrisoni.
Bicuspidon smikros^[148]	Sp. nov	Valid	Nydam	Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian)	Dakota Formation	United States	A member of Polyglyphanodontinae, a species of Bicuspidon.
Blanosaurus^[149]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Folie, Smith & Smith	Early Eocene		Belgium France	An amphisbaenian. The type species is Blanosaurus primeocaenus.
Camptognathosaurus^[149]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Folie, Smith & Smith	Late Paleocene		France	Originally described as an amphisbaenian; Čerňanský & Vasilyan (2024) tentatively assigned it to the family Lacertidae.^[150] The type species is Camptognathosaurus parisiensis. Čerňanský & Vasilyan (2024) considered C. parisiensis to be a junior synonym of "Glyptosaurus" walbeckensis Kuhn (1940), but maintained Camptognathosaurus as a distinct genus, resulting in a new combination Camptognathosaurus walbeckensis.^[150]
Catactegenys^[144]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Nydam, Rowe & Cifelli	Late Cretaceous (late Campanian, Judithian)	Aguja Formation	United States	A night lizard. The type species is Catactegenys solaster.
Cemeterius^[151]^[152]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Longrich, Bhullar & Gauthier	Late Cretaceous (late Maastrichtian)	Lance Formation	United States	A platynotan lizard of uncertain phylogenetic placement. The type species is Cemeterius monstrosus.
Cnodontosaurus^[148]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Nydam	Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian)	Dakota Formation	United States	A member of Anguimorpha related to xenosaurids. The type species is Cnodontosaurus suchockii.
Dakotasaurus^[148]	Gen. et sp. nov	Junior homonym	Nydam	Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian)	Dakota Formation	United States	A member of Scincomorpha of uncertain phylogenetic placement, assigned by Nydam (2013) to an informal paramacellodid-cordylid grade.^[148] The type species is Dakotasaurus gillettorum. The generic name turned out to be preoccupied by Dakotasaurus Branson & Mehl (1932); the lizard genus was subsequently renamed Dakotaseps.^[153]
Desertiguana^[154]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Alifanov	Late Cretaceous		Mongolia	A phrynosomatid lizard. The type species is Desertiguana gobiensis.
Distortodon^[155]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Makádi	Late Cretaceous (Santonian)		Hungary	A member of Polyglyphanodontinae. The type species is Distortodon rhomboideus.
Entomophontes^[146]	Gen. et 2 sp. nov	Valid	Smith & Gauthier	Early Eocene	Wasatch Formation	United States	A relative of species belonging to the genus Xenosaurus. Genus contains two species: Entomophontes incrustatus and Entomophontes hutchisoni.
Eonatator coellensis^[156]	Sp. nov	Valid	Páramo	Campanian		Colombia	A mosasaur, a new species of Eonatator.
Glyptosaurus agmodon^[146]	Sp. nov	Valid	Smith & Gauthier	Early Eocene	Wasatch Formation	United States	A member of Glyptosaurinae, a species of Glyptosaurus.
Heterodontagama^[157]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Rana et al.	Early Eocene (early to middle Ypresian)	Cambay Shale Formation	India	A member of Priscagamidae. The type species is Heterodontagama borsukae.
Indiagama^[157]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Rana et al.	Early Eocene (early to middle Ypresian)	Cambay Shale Formation	India	A member of Agamidae. The type species is Indiagama gujarata.
Lamiasaura^[151]^[152]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Longrich, Bhullar & Gauthier	Late Cretaceous (late Maastrichtian)	Lance Formation	United States	A squamate of uncertain phylogenetic placement. The type species is Lamiasaura ferox.
Lonchisaurus^[151]^[152]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Longrich, Bhullar & Gauthier	Late Cretaceous (late Maastrichtian)	Lance Formation	United States	A scincomorph lizard of uncertain phylogenetic placement. The type species is Lonchisaurus trichurus.
Monocnemodon^[148]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Nydam	Late Cretaceous (Santonian)	Straight Cliffs Formation	United States	A member of Scincomorpha of uncertain phylogenetic placement, assigned by Nydam (2013) to an informal paramacellodid-cordylid grade.^[148] The type species is Monocnemodon syphakos.
Obamadon^[151]^[152]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Longrich, Bhullar & Gauthier	Late Cretaceous (late Maastrichtian)	Hell Creek Formation Lance Formation	United States	A polyglyphanodontian lizard of uncertain phylogenetic placement. The type species is Obamadon gracilis.
Odaxosaurus roosevelti^[148]	Sp. nov	Valid	Nydam	Late Cretaceous	Kaiparowits Formation	United States	A member of Anguidae, a species of Odaxosaurus.
Palaeoxantusia amara^[146]	Sp. nov	Valid	Smith & Gauthier	Early Eocene	Wasatch Formation	United States	A night lizard, a species of Palaeoxantusia.
Palepidophyma^[146]	Gen. et 2 sp. nov	Valid	Smith & Gauthier	Early Eocene	Wasatch Formation	United States	A night lizard. Genus contains two species: Palepidophyma paradisa and Palepidophyma lilliputiana.
Parasaniwa cynochoros^[148]	Sp. nov	Valid	Nydam	Late Cretaceous	Kaiparowits Formation	United States	A member of Platynota of uncertain phylogenetic placement, a species of Parasaniwa.
Pariguana^[151]^[152]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Longrich, Bhullar & Gauthier	Late Cretaceous (late Maastrichtian)	Lance Formation	United States	An iguanid lizard of uncertain phylogenetic placement. The type species is Pariguana lancensis.
Pelsochamops^[158]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Makádi	Late Cretaceous (Santonian)	Csehbánya Formation	Hungary	A chamopsiid. The type species is Pelsochamops infrequens.
Plesiolacerta eratosthenesi^[159]	Sp. nov	Valid	Čerňanský & Augé	Late Oligocene		Germany	A lacertid lizard, a species of Plesiolacerta.
Polyodontobaena^[149]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Folie, Smith & Smith	Early Paleocene	Hainin Formation	Belgium	An amphisbaenian. The type species is Polyodontobaena belgica.
Provaranosaurus fatuus^[146]	Sp. nov	Valid	Smith & Gauthier	Early Eocene	Wasatch Formation	United States	A relative of the Chinese crocodile lizard, a species of Provaranosaurus.
Romeosaurus^[160]	Gen. et 2 sp. nov	Valid	Palci, Caldwell & Papazzoni	Late Cretaceous (early Turonian to early Santonian)		Italy	A mosasaur related to Russellosaurus and Yaguarasaurus. Genus contains two species: Romeosaurus fumanensis and Romeosaurus sorbinii.
Schillerosaurus^[161]	Nom. nov	Valid	Nydam, Chure & Evans	Late Jurassic	Morrison Formation	United States	A replacement name for Schilleria Evans & Chure (1999).
Scincoideus grassator^[146]	Sp. nov	Valid	Smith & Gauthier	Early Eocene	Wasatch Formation	United States	A member of Lacertiformes, a species of Scincoideus.
Socognathus brachyodon^[151]^[152]	Sp. nov	Valid	Longrich, Bhullar & Gauthier	Late Cretaceous (late Maastrichtian)	Lance Formation	United States	A chamopsiid polyglyphanodontian lizard, a species of Socognathus.
Suratagama^[157]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Rana et al.	Early Eocene (early to middle Ypresian)	Cambay Shale Formation	India	A member of Agamidae. The type species is Suratagama neeraae.
Suzanniwana revenanta^[146]	Sp. nov	Valid	Smith & Gauthier	Early Eocene	Wasatch Formation	United States	A member of Pleurodonta, a species of Suzanniwana.
Tiliqua laticephala^[162]	Sp. nov	Disputed	Čerňanský & Hutchinson	Pliocene		Australia	A blue-tongued skink. Possibly a junior synonym of Tiliqua frangens.^[163]
Utahgenys antongai^[148]	Sp. nov	Valid	Nydam	Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian)	Dakota Formation	United States	A contogeniid scincomorph, a species of Utahgenys.
Webbsaurus^[148]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Nydam	Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian)	Dakota Formation	United States	A scincomorph related to skinks. The type species is Webbsaurus lofgreni.
Xestops savagei^[146]	Sp. nov	Valid	Smith & Gauthier	Early Eocene	Wasatch Formation	United States	A member of Glyptosaurinae, a species of Xestops.

Newly named snakes

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes
Cerberophis^[151]^[152]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Longrich, Bhullar & Gauthier	Late Cretaceous (late Maastrichtian)	Hell Creek Formation	United States	An alethinophidian snake of uncertain phylogenetic placement. The type species is Cerberophis robustus.
Kataria^[164]	Gen. et sp. nov	Junior homonym	Scanferla et al.	Early Paleocene (Danian)	Santa Lucía Formation	Bolivia	A macrostomatan snake related to caenophidians. The type species is Kataria anisodonta. The generic name is preoccupied by Kataria Faubel (1983); Deshmukh et al. (2022) coined a replacement name Katariana.^[165]
Nidophis^[166]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Vasile, Csiki-Sava & Venczel	Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)	Haţeg Basin	Romania	A madtsoiid. The type species is Nidophis insularis.

Archosauromorphs

Newly named basal archosauromorphs

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes
Ankylosuchus^[167]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Lucas, Spielmann & Hunt	Late Triassic	Colorado City Formation	United States	A doswelliid. The type species is Ankylosuchus chinlegroupensis.
Asperoris^[168]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Nesbitt, Butler & Gower	Middle Triassic (probably late Anisian)	Manda beds	Tanzania	A non-archosaurian archosauriform of uncertain phylogenetic placement. The type species is Asperoris mnyama.
Fuyuansaurus^[169]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Fraser, Rieppel & Chun	Middle Triassic (Ladinian)	Falang Formation	China	A protorosaur. The type species is Fuyuansaurus acutirostris.
Jaxtasuchus^[170]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Schoch & Sues	Middle Triassic (Ladinian)	Erfurt Formation	Germany	A doswelliid. The type species is Jaxtasuchus salomoni.
Machaeroprosopus lottorum^[171]	Sp. nov	Valid	Hungerbühler et al.	Late Triassic	Cooper Canyon Formation	United States	A phytosaur, a species of Machaeroprosopus.
Macrocnemus obristi^[172]	Sp. nov	Valid	Fraser & Furrer	Middle Triassic (Ladinian)	Prosanto Formation	Switzerland	A protorosaur, a species of Macrocnemus.
Wannia^[173]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Stocker	Late Triassic		United States	A phytosaur; a new genus for "Paleorhinus" scurriensis Langston (1949).

Archosaurs

Other reptiles

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Dolerosaurus^[174]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Butler	Late Triassic (late Carnian)	Lunz Formation	Austria	A diapsid of uncertain phylogenetic placement, a new genus for "Francosuchus" trauthi Huene (1939).
Ruhuhuaria^[175]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Tsuji, Sobral & Müller	Middle Triassic	Manda Formation	Tanzania	A procolophonoid parareptile, possibly an owenettid. The type species is Ruhuhuaria reiszi.

Synapsids

Non-mammalian synapsids

Research

The postcranial skeleton of therocephalian Ictidosuchoides is described by Heidi Fourie (2013).^[176]

New taxa

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes
Diegocanis^[177]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Martínez, Fernandez & Alcober	Late Triassic	Ischigualasto Formation	Argentina	A member of Eucynodontia closely related to Ecteninion and Trucidocynodon. The type species is Diegocanis elegans.
Mandagomphodon^[178]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Hopson	Middle Triassic	Manda Formation	Tanzania	A traversodontid cynodont, a new genus for "Scalenodon" hirschsoni Crompton (1972).
Niassodon^[179]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Castanhinha et al.	Late Permian		Mozambique	A kingoriid emydopoid dicynodont. The type species is Niassodon mfumukasi.
Tambacarnifex^[180]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Berman et al.	Early Permian	Tambach Formation	Germany	A varanodontine varanopid. The type species is Tambacarnifex unguifalcatus.

Mammals

Other animals

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes
Alaconcha^[181]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Devaere, Clausen & Steiner in Devaere et al.	Cambrian (Tommotian)	Heraultia Limestone	France	An animal of uncertain phylogenetic placement, a low cap-shaped bilaterally symmetrical conch. The type species is A. rugosa.
Anomalocaris kunmingensis^[182]	Sp. nov	Valid	Wang, Huang & Hu	Cambrian	Wulongqing Formation	China	A radiodont. Originally described as a species of Anomalocaris, but subsequently transferred to the amplectobeluid genus Guanshancaris.^[183]
Cambrocornulitus^[184]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Yang et al.	Early Cambrian	Qiongzhusi Formation	China	An animal of uncertain phylogenetic placement, possibly a member of Cornulitida. The type species is Cambrocornulitus rarus.
Cephalodiscus? nusplingensis^[185]	Sp. nov	Valid	Schweigert & Dietl	Late Jurassic	Nusplingen Limestone	Germany	Possibly a pterobranch belonging to the genus Cephalodiscus.
Chengjiangocaris kunmingensis^[186]	Sp. nov	Valid	Yang et al.	Cambrian Stage 3	Hongjingshao Formation	China	A stem-arthropod.
Conularia porcella^[187]	Sp. nov	Valid	Robson & Young	Late Ordovician (middle Katian)	Red River Formation	Canada	A conulariid, a species of Conularia.
Fuxianhuia xiaoshibaensis^[186]	Sp. nov	Valid	Yang et al.	Cambrian Stage 3	Hongjingshao Formation	China	A stem-arthropod.
Gracilitheca astronauta^[188]	Sp. nov	Valid	Valent & Fatka	Cambrian	Buchava Formation	Czech Republic	A member of Hyolitha (a group of animals of uncertain phylogenetic placement, possibly molluscs), a species of Gracilitheca.
Gracilitheca mirabilis^[189]	Sp. nov	Valid	Valent, Fatka & Marek	Cambrian	Buchava Formation	Czech Republic	A member of Hyolitha (a group of animals of uncertain phylogenetic placement, possibly molluscs), a species of Gracilitheca.
Gracilitheca triangularis^[189]	Sp. nov	Valid	Valent, Fatka & Marek	Cambrian	Buchava Formation	Czech Republic	A member of Hyolitha, a species of Gracilitheca.
Hunanoscolex^[190]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Duan & Dong	Cambrian (Paibian)	Bitiao Formation	China	A palaeoscolecid. The type species is H. campus.
Microconchus hintonensis^[191]	Sp. nov	Valid	Zatoń & Peck	Carboniferous (late Mississippian)	Bluestone Formation Hinton Formation	United States	A member of Microconchida (a group of animals of uncertain phylogenetic placement, possibly molluscs).
Microconchus utahensis^[192]	Sp. nov	Valid	Zatoń, Taylor & Vinn	Early Triassic	Virgin Formation	United States	A member of Microconchida (a group of animals of uncertain phylogenetic placement, possibly molluscs), a species of Microconchus.
Muensterina^[193]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Bizzarini	Late Triassic (Carnian)	Heiligkreuz Formation San Cassiano Formation	Italy	A demosponge belonging to the group Agelasida and to the family Sestrostomellidae. The type species is "Cnemidium" variabile Münster (1841).
Nephrotheca betula^[189]	Sp. nov	Valid	Valent, Fatka & Marek	Cambrian	Buchava Formation	Czech Republic	A member of Hyolitha, a species of Nephrotheca.
Nephrotheca sophia^[188]	Sp. nov	Valid	Valent & Fatka	Cambrian	Buchava Formation	Czech Republic	A member of Hyolitha, a species of Nephrotheca.
Oktavites kemanensis^[194]	Sp. nov	Valid	Zhang et al.	Silurian (Telychian)	Manbo Formation	China	A graptolite.
Ornatoscolex^[190]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Duan & Dong	Cambrian (Paibian)	Bitiao Formation	China	A palaeoscolecid. The type species is O. hunanensis.
Paraconularia bachmanni^[195]	Sp. nov	Valid	Barth et al.	Late Triassic		Germany	A conulariid, a species of Paraconularia.
Paranomalocaris^[182]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Wang, Huang & Hu	Cambrian	Wulongqing Formation	China	A member of Anomalocarididae (a group of animals with uncertain phylogenetic placement, possibly stem-arthropods). The type species is Paranomalocaris multisegmentalis.
Potamophloios canadensis^[196]	Sp. nov	Valid	Pisera, Siver & Wolfe	Eocene (Lutetian)		Canada	A sponge belonging to the family Potamolepidae.
Quasiaulacera^[197]	Gen. et 2 sp. nov	Valid	Copper, Stock & Jin	Late Ordovician (Hirnantian)	Ellis Bay Formation	Canada	A stromatoporoid. Genus contains two species: Quasiaulacera stellata and Q. occidua.
Spinitheca^[198]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Novozhilova	Early Cambrian (Atdabanian)		Russia	A member of Hyolitha (a group of animals of uncertain phylogenetic placement, possibly molluscs). The type species is Spinitheca sysoievi.
Wronascolex iacoborum^[199]	Sp. nov	Valid	García-Bellido, Paterson & Edgecombe	Cambrian Stage 4	Emu Bay Shale	Australia	A palaeoscolecid.
Valandria^[193]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Bizzarini	Late Triassic (Carnian)	Heiligkreuz Formation	Italy	A demosponge belonging to the group Agelasida and to the family Sestrostomellidae. The type species is V. bertii.
Wildspongia^[193]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Bizzarini	Late Triassic (Carnian)	Heiligkreuz Formation	Italy	A demosponge belonging to the group Agelasida and to the family Sestrostomellidae. The type species is W. stollae.

Other organisms

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes
Gorgonisphaeridium savertonense^[200]	Sp. nov.	Valid	Wicander & Playford	Devonian (Famennian)	Saverton Shale	United States	An acritarch.
Honeggeriella^[201]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Matsunaga, Stockey & Tomescu	Early Cretaceous (Valanginian-Hauterivian boundary)	Longarm Formation	Canada	A heteromerous lichen. The type species is Honeggeriella complexa.
Plumalina brevis^[202]	Sp. nov	Valid	Muscente & Allmon	Devonian (Frasnian)	Ithaca Formation	United States	An organism of uncertain phylogenetic placement, argued by different authors to be a hydrozoan^[202] or a Caulerpa-like alga.^[203]
Plumalina tenera^[202]	Sp. nov	Valid	Muscente & Allmon	Silurian (Wenlock)	Rochester Shale	United States	An organism of uncertain phylogenetic placement, argued by different authors to be a hydrozoan^[202] or a Caulerpa-like alga.^[203]

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[12] T. Gary Gautier; Patrick N. Wyse Jackson; Frank K. McKinney (2013). "Adlatipora, A Distinctive New Acanthocladiid Bryozoan from the Permian of the Glass Mountains, Texas, U.S.A., and its Bearing on Fenestrate Astogeny and Growth". Journal of Paleontology. 87 (3): 444–455. Bibcode:2013JPal...87..444G. doi:10.1666/12-128.1. S2CID 131394991.

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[159] Andrej Čerňanský; Marc Louis Augé (2013). "New species of the genus Plesiolacerta (Squamata: Lacertidae) from the upper Oligocene (MP28) of Southern Germany and a revision of the type species Plesiolacerta lydekkeri". Palaeontology. 56 (1): 79–94. Bibcode:2013Palgy..56...79C. doi:10.1111/j.1475-4983.2012.01167.x. S2CID 129958448.

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[162] Andrej Čerňanský; Mark N. Hutchinson (2013). "A new large fossil species of Tiliqua (Squamata; Scincidae) from the Pliocene of the Wellington Caves (New South Wales, Australia)". Alcheringa: An Australasian Journal of Palaeontology. 37 (1): 131–136. Bibcode:2013Alch...37..131C. doi:10.1080/03115518.2012.715326. S2CID 129296715.

[163] Kailah M. Thorn; Diana A. Fusco; Mark N. Hutchinson; Michael G. Gardner; Jessica L. Clayton; Gavin J. Prideaux; Michael S. Y. Lee (2023). "A giant armoured skink from Australia expands lizard morphospace and the scope of the Pleistocene extinctions". Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 290 (2000). 20230704. doi:10.1098/rspb.2023.0704. PMC 10265006. PMID 37312544.

[164] Agustín Scanferla; Hussam Zaher; Fernando E. Novas; Christian de Muizon; Ricardo Céspedes (2013). "A New Snake Skull from the Paleocene of Bolivia Sheds Light on the Evolution of Macrostomatans". PLOS ONE. 8 (3): e57583. Bibcode:2013PLoSO...857583S. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0057583. PMC 3585969. PMID 23469206.

[165] Umakant Bhoopati Deshmukh; Aravind Janardhan Mungole; Agustín Scanferla; Hussam Zaher (2022). "Katariana nomen novum: a replacement name for the preoccupied extinct genus Kataria Scanferla, Zaher, Novas, de Muizon & Céspedes, 2013 (Serpentes: Alethinophidia)". Zootaxa. 5178 (6): 595. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.5178.6.7. PMID 36095707. S2CID 251998606.

[166] Ştefan Vasile; Zoltán Csiki-Sava; Márton Venczel (2013). "A new madtsoiid snake from the Upper Cretaceous of the Haţeg Basin, western Romania". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 33 (5): 1100–1119. Bibcode:2013JVPal..33.1100V. doi:10.1080/02724634.2013.764882. S2CID 130202902.

[167] Spencer G. Lucas; Justin A. Spielmann; Adrian P. Hunt (2013). "A new doswelliid archosauromorph from the Upper Triassic of West Texas" (PDF). New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science Bulletin. 61: 382–388. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2013-12-24. Retrieved 2013-12-21.

[168] Sterling J. Nesbitt; Richard J. Butler; David J. Gower (2013). "A New Archosauriform (Reptilia: Diapsida) from the Manda Beds (Middle Triassic) of Southwestern Tanzania". PLOS ONE. 8 (9): e72753. Bibcode:2013PLoSO...872753N. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0072753. PMC 3785487. PMID 24086264.

[169] Nicholas C. Fraser; Olivier Rieppel; Li Chun (2013). "A long-snouted protorosaur from the Middle Triassic of southern China". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 33 (5): 1120–1126. Bibcode:2013JVPal..33.1120F. doi:10.1080/02724634.2013.764310. S2CID 83521468.

[170] Rainer R. Schoch; Hans-Dieter Sues (2014). "A new archosauriform reptile from the Middle Triassic (Ladinian) of Germany". Journal of Systematic Palaeontology. 12 (1): 113–131. Bibcode:2014JSPal..12..113S. doi:10.1080/14772019.2013.781066. S2CID 85401373.

[171] Axel Hungerbühler; Bill Mueller; Sankar Chatterjee; Douglas P. Cunningham (2013). "Cranial anatomy of the Late Triassic phytosaur Machaeroprosopus, with the description of a new species from West Texas". Earth and Environmental Science Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. 103 (3–4): 269–312. doi:10.1017/S1755691013000364. S2CID 129442164.

[172] Nicholas Fraser; Heinz Furrer (2013). "A new species of Macrocnemus from the Middle Triassic of the eastern Swiss Alps". Swiss Journal of Geosciences. 106 (2): 199–206. Bibcode:2013SwJG..106..199F. doi:10.1007/s00015-013-0137-5. S2CID 140702183.

[173] Michelle R. Stocker (2013). "A new taxonomic arrangement for Paleorhinus scurriensis". Earth and Environmental Science Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. 103 (3–4): 251–263. doi:10.1017/S1755691013000340. S2CID 130567475.

[174] Richard J. Butler (2013). "'Francosuchus' trauthi is not Paleorhinus: implications for Late Triassic vertebrate biostratigraphy". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 33 (4): 858–864. Bibcode:2013JVPal..33..858B. doi:10.1080/02724634.2013.740542. S2CID 86386615.

[175] Linda Akiko Tsuji; Gabriela Sobral; Johannes Müller (2013). "Ruhuhuaria reiszi, a new procolophonoid reptile from the Triassic Ruhuhu Basin of Tanzania". Comptes Rendus Palevol. 12 (7–8): 487–494. Bibcode:2013CRPal..12..487T. doi:10.1016/j.crpv.2013.08.002.

[176] Heidi Fourie (2013). "The postcranial description of Ictidosuchoides (Therapsida: Therocephalia: Baurioidea)". Annals of the Ditsong National Museum of Natural History. 3: 1–10.

[177] Ricardo N. Martínez; Eliana Fernandez; Oscar A. Alcober (2013). "A new non-mammaliaform eucynodont from the Carnian-Norian Ischigualasto Formation, Northwestern Argentina". Revista Brasileira de Paleontologia. 16 (1): 61–76. doi:10.4072/rbp.2013.1.05.

[178] James A. Hopson (2013). "The Traversodontid Cynodont Mandagomphodon hirschsoni from the Middle Triassic of the Ruhuhu Valley, Tanzania". In Christian F. Kammerer; Kenneth D. Angielczyk; Jörg Fröbisch (eds.). Early Evolutionary History of the Synapsida. Vertebrate Paleobiology and Paleoanthropology. Springer. pp. 233–253. doi:10.1007/978-94-007-6841-3_14. ISBN 978-94-007-6840-6.

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[180] David S. Berman; Amy C. Henrici; Stuart S. Sumida; Thomas Martens; Valerie Pelletier (2013). "First European Record of a Varanodontine (Synapsida: Varanopidae): Member of a Unique Early Permian Upland Paleoecosystem, Tambach Basin, Central Germany". In Christian F. Kammerer; Kenneth D. Angielczyk; Jörg Fröbisch (eds.). Early Evolutionary History of the Synapsida. Vertebrate Paleobiology and Paleoanthropology. Springer. pp. 69–86. doi:10.1007/978-94-007-6841-3_5. ISBN 978-94-007-6840-6.

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[184] Xianfeng Yang; Olev Vinn; Xianguang Hou; Xinglei Tian (2013). "New tubicolous problematic fossil with some "lophophorate" affinities from the Early Cambrian Chengjiang biota in south China". GFF. 135 (2): 184–190. Bibcode:2013GFF...135..184Y. doi:10.1080/11035897.2013.801035. S2CID 129033570.

[185] Günter Schweigert; Gerd Dietl (2013). "A questionable pterobranch from the Upper Jurassic Nusplingen Lithographic Limestone (SW Germany)". Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie - Abhandlungen. 270 (1): 83–90. doi:10.1127/0077-7749/2013/0361.

[NatureChengjiangocaris-186] Jie Yang; Javier Ortega-Hernández; Nicholas J. Butterfield; Xi-guang Zhang; Daniel Vachard (2013). "Specialized appendages in fuxianhuiids and the head organization of early euarthropods". Nature. 494 (7438): 468–471. Bibcode:2013Natur.494..468Y. doi:10.1038/nature11874. PMID 23446418. S2CID 4424201.

[187] Sean P. Robson; Graham A. Young (2013). "Late Ordovician conulariids from Manitoba, Canada". Journal of Paleontology. 87 (5): 775–785. Bibcode:2013JPal...87..775R. doi:10.1666/12-0370. S2CID 128515621.

[AdPValentFatka-188] Martin Valent; Oldřich Fatka (2013). "Gracilitheca astronauta n. sp. and Nephrotheca sophia n. sp. (Hyolitha, Orthothecida) from the Cambrian of Czech Republic". Annales de Paléontologie. 99 (3): 207–216. Bibcode:2013AnPal..99..207V. doi:10.1016/j.annpal.2013.03.002.

[HyolithaCzechRepublic-189] Martin Valent; Oldřich Fatka; Ladislav Marek (2013). "Gracilitheca and Nephrotheca (Hyolitha, Orthothecida) in the Cambrian of the Barrandian area, Czech Republic". Alcheringa: An Australasian Journal of Palaeontology. 37 (1): 115–124. Bibcode:2013Alch...37..115V. doi:10.1080/03115518.2012.709446. S2CID 129744244.

[Hunanoscolex-190] Baichuan Duan; Xiping Dong (2013). "Furongian (Late Cambrian) palaeoscolecid cuticles from Hunan Province, South China: the growth impact on the worm cuticle". Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis. 49 (4): 591–602. doi:10.13209/j.0479-8023.2013.083.

[191] Michał Zatoń; Robert L. Peck (2013). "Morphology and palaeoecology of new, non-marine microconchid tubeworm from Lower Carboniferous (Upper Mississippian) of West Virginia, USA". Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae. 83 (1): 37–50.

[192] Michał Zatoń; Paul D. Taylor; Olev Vinn (2013). "Early Triassic (Spathian) Post-Extinction Microconchids from Western Pangea". Journal of Paleontology. 87 (1): 159–165. Bibcode:2013JPal...87..159Z. doi:10.1666/12-060R.1. S2CID 129909749.

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[195] Gregor Barth; Heinz W. Kozur; Matthias Franz; Robert E. Weems (2013). "Paraconularia bachmanni n. sp. from the Germanic Upper Triassic, the first fresh-water occurrence of a conulariid" (PDF). New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science Bulletin. 61: 42–47.

[196] Andrzej Pisera; Peter A. Siver; Alexander P. Wolfe (2013). "A first account of freshwater potamolepid sponges (Demospongiae, Spongillina, Potamolepidae) from the Middle Eocene: Biogeographic and paleoclimatic implications". Journal of Paleontology. 87 (3): 373–378. Bibcode:2013JPal...87..373P. doi:10.1666/12-079.1. S2CID 4185717.

[197] Paul Copper; Carl W. Stock; Jisuo Jin (2013). "Quasiaulacera, a new Hirnantian (Late Ordovician) aulaceratid stromatoporoid genus from Anticosti Island, Canada". Journal of Paleontology. 87 (4): 664–676. Bibcode:2013JPal...87..664C. doi:10.1666/12-150. S2CID 140177901.

[198] N. V. Novozhilova (2013). "Spinitheca gen. nov.—A new orthothecimorph hyolith genus from the Lower Cambrian of the Siberian platform". Paleontological Journal. 47 (2): 136–138. Bibcode:2013PalJ...47..136N. doi:10.1134/S0031030113020081. S2CID 86797262.

[199] Diego C. García-Bellido; John R. Paterson; Gregory D. Edgecombe (2013). "Cambrian palaeoscolecids (Cycloneuralia) from Gondwana and reappraisal of species assigned to Palaeoscolex". Gondwana Research. 24 (2): 780–795. Bibcode:2013GondR..24..780G. doi:10.1016/j.gr.2012.12.002.

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[201] Kelly K. S. Matsunaga; Ruth A. Stockey; Alexandru M. F. Tomescu (2013). "Honeggeriella complexa gen. et sp. nov., a heteromerous lichen from the Lower Cretaceous of Vancouver Island (British Columbia, Canada)". American Journal of Botany. 100 (2): 450–459. doi:10.3732/ajb.1200470. PMID 23316074.

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