左
Translingual
Stroke order | |||
---|---|---|---|
Han character
左 (Kangxi radical 48, 工+2, 5 strokes, cangjie input 大一 (KM), four-corner 40011, composition ⿸𠂇工)
Descendants
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 325, character 8
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 8720
- Dae Jaweon: page 626, character 7
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 411, character 5
- Unihan data for U+5DE6
Chinese
simp. and trad. |
左 |
---|
Glyph origin
Historical forms of the character 左 | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Shang | Western Zhou | Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) | |
Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Chu slip and silk script | Qin slip script | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
Old Chinese | |
---|---|
左 | *ʔsaːlʔ, *ʔsaːls |
佐 | *ʔsaːls |
袏 | *ʔslaːls |
蹉 | *sʰlaːl |
瑳 | *sʰlaːl, *sʰlaːlʔ |
搓 | *sʰlaːl |
磋 | *sʰlaːl |
溠 | *sʰlaːl, *sraːl, *ʔsraːls |
傞 | *sʰlaːl, *slaːl |
醝 | *zlaːl |
瘥 | *zlaːl, *ʔsljal, *sʰreːls |
鹺 | *zlaːl |
嵯 | *zlaːl, *sʰral |
嵳 | *zlaːl |
蒫 | *zlaːl, *ʔsljal, *ʔslɯl |
艖 | *zlaːl, *sʰraːl |
齹 | *zlaːl, *sʰral, *zral |
縒 | *slaːlʔ, *sʰral, *sʰlaːɡ |
褨 | *slaːlʔ |
嗟 | *ʔsljal |
差 | *sʰraːl, *sʰraːls, *sʰreːl, *sʰreːl, *sʰreːls, *sʰral |
鎈 | *sʰraːl |
槎 | *zraːl, *zraːlʔ |
髊 | *zlals |
Originally as 𠂇 in the oracle bone script: Pictogram (象形) – a left hand. Compare 又 (“right hand”).
Late bronze inscription forms show an added 工 (“work; to assist?”) component, i.e. the current form is a phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *ʔsaːlʔ, *ʔsaːls) : phonetic 𠂇 () + semantic 工, representing the original form of 佐 (OC *ʔsaːls, “to assist”).
Etymology
Cognate with 佐 (OC *ʔsaːls, “to assist”) (< be on one's left side); mirror of the semantic relationship between 右 (OC *ɢʷɯʔ, “right”) and 佑 (OC *ɢʷɯs, “to assist”) (Schuessler, 2007).
Unrelated to Proto-Tibeto-Burman *b(w)aj (“left (hand)”) (STEDT).
Pronunciation
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Definitions
- left (direction)
- 左手 ― zuǒshǒu ― left hand
- east; areas to the east
- (historical) inferior position
- unorthodox; wrong
- erroneously; mistakingly
- different; divided; inconsistent
- (politics) left-wing
- (Sichuanese, of singing) out of tune; off-key
- (Southwestern Mandarin, including Sichuanese) to exchange
- a surname
Usage notes
In communist publications, 左 is usually put in quotation marks when referring to something further to the left of the correct party line.
Synonyms
Antonyms
- 右 (yòu, “right”)
Compounds
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Descendants
Others:
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Japanese
Kanji
Readings
Alternative forms
Compounds
Etymology 1
Kanji in this term |
---|
左 |
ひだり Grade: 1 |
kun'yomi |
/hidari/: *[pidari] → [ɸidari] → [çidari].
Pronunciation
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Noun
- (direction) left, the side of the left hand
- 1603–1604, Nippo Jisho, page 229:
- Fidari. ヒダリ (左) 左手, または, 左の方
- 1999 August 10, “[封](ふう)[印](いん)されし[者](もの)の[左](ひだり)[腕](うで) [Left Arm of the Sealed One]”, in 幻の召喚神 [Phantom God], Konami:
- 封印された左腕。封印を解くと、無限の力を得られる。
- Fūinsareta hidariude. Fūin o toku to, mugen no chikara o erareru.
- A sealed left arm. Whosoever breaks the seal shall earn infinite power.
- 封印された左腕。封印を解くと、無限の力を得られる。
- (politics) a leftist
Antonyms
- (left): 右 (migi, “right”)
Derived terms
- 左側 (hidarigawa)
- 左利き (hidarikiki)
- 左手 (hidarite)
- 左巻き (hidarimaki)
- 左上 (hidariue)
- 左下 (hidarishita)
- 右左 (migihidari)
Etymology 2
Kanji in this term |
---|
左 |
さ Grade: 1 |
on'yomi |
Pronunciation
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Noun
- the left in vertical writing
- the following (one)
- 1905–06, Natsume Sōseki, I Am a Cat (text here):
- 吾輩はまず彼がどのくらい無学であるかを試してみようと思って左の問答をして見た。
- Wagahai wa mazu kare ga dono kurai mugaku de aru ka o tameshite miyō to omotte sa no mondō o shite mita.
- To judge just how uneducated he was, I posed the following question.
- 吾輩はまず彼がどのくらい無学であるかを試してみようと思って左の問答をして見た。
- 1905–06, Natsume Sōseki, I Am a Cat (text here):
References
- Doi, Tadao (1603–1604) Hōyaku Nippo Jisho (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Iwanami Shoten, published 1980, →ISBN.
Korean
Pronunciation
- Sound: [t͡ɕwɐ]
- Name: [øn]/[we̞n]
Hanja
左 • (jwa)
- Eumhun:
- Sound (hangeul): 좌
- Name (hangeul): 왼Lua error in Module:debug at line 160: Please migrate to the syntax described at Template:ko-hanja/new
Derived terms
- 좌수사 (左水使, jwasusa)
- 좌승지 (左承旨, jwaseungji)
- 좌우 (左右, jwau)
- 좌우지간 (左右之間, jwaujigan)
- 좌익 (左翼, jwaik)
- 좌익수 (左翼手, jwaiksu)
- 좌의정 (左議政, jwauijeong)
- 좌지우지 (左之右之, jwajiuji)
- 좌천 (左遷, jwacheon)
- 좌측 (左側, jwacheuk)
- 좌향좌 (左向左, jwahyangjwa)
Vietnamese
Han character
(deprecated template usage) 左 (tả, tá)
- left (direction)
- Translingual lemmas
- Translingual symbols
- Han script characters
- Han characters from which hiragana were derived
- Han pictograms
- Han phono-semantic compounds
- Chinese lemmas
- Chinese hanzi
- Mandarin terms with usage examples
- Chinese terms with historical senses
- zh:Politics
- Sichuanese Chinese
- Southwestern Mandarin
- Chinese surnames
- Beginning Mandarin
- Japanese kanji
- Japanese first grade kanji
- Japanese kyōiku kanji
- Japanese jōyō kanji
- Japanese kanji with goon reading さ
- Japanese kanji with kan'on reading さ
- Japanese kanji with kun reading ひだり
- Japanese terms spelled with 左 read as ひだり
- Japanese terms read with kun'yomi
- Japanese lemmas
- Japanese nouns
- Japanese terms with multiple readings
- Japanese terms spelled with first grade kanji
- Japanese terms with 1 kanji
- Japanese terms spelled with 左
- Japanese single-kanji terms
- Japanese terms with usage examples
- ja:Politics
- Japanese terms spelled with 左 read as さ
- Japanese terms read with on'yomi
- Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese
- Japanese basic words
- Korean lemmas
- Korean hanja
- Vietnamese lemmas
- Vietnamese Han characters