A comprehensive review is presented on the latest approaches to solutions focusing on multi-hop and mesh LoRa networks through the evaluation of simulations and real-world experiments, based on papers published between 2015 and 2023. The approaches are ...

This paper presents a lightweight cross-layer protocol relIable Routing with coordInated medium acceSs control (IRIS) which is designed for long-range pipeline Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) with extremely low power budget, typically ...

The fuel cell-dependent electric vehicle systems are giving an important role in the present automotive systems because their features are less air pollution, high flexibility, reduced oil dependency, and more reliability. However, the fuel stack delivers ...

Body sensor networks (BSNs) have sparked a surge in interest and demand. BSNs is made up of miniature biosensors that gather and send data over a wireless network, allowing medical professionals to watch patients as they go about their regular lives and ...

Monitoring WiFi networks is essential to gain insight into the network operation and develop methods capable of reacting to network dynamics. However, research and development in this field are hindered because there is a lack of a framework that can be ...

Wireless networks play an important role in science, including medicine, agriculture, the military, geography, and so on. The main issue with a network of wireless sensors is how to manage resource utilization to extend its lifetime. This paper ...

Source Location Privacy (SLP) is an important property for monitoring assets in privacy-critical sensor network and Internet of Things applications. Many SLP-aware routing techniques exist, with most striking a tradeoff between SLP and other key metrics ...

Energy efficiency and increased throughput are the two major goals in the design of MAC protocols in wireless sensor networks (WSNs). The traditional sensor-MAC (S-MAC) and timeout-MAC (T-MAC) protocols have been proposed to achieve these dual desirable ...

The advent of IoT(Internet of Things) has triggered various kinds of USN(Ubiquitous Sensor Network) services in diverse fields. Keeping pace with the advance of USN service, many researchers have conducted studies to figure out low energy consumption of ...

Recently, a signal processing using positive and negative edges of clock is used by memory and various digital devices to improve performance of digital circuits. In a signal processing using double edges, 50% duty cycle of an output signal of clock ...

This paper presents the design of an all-digital delay-locked loop ADDLL with duty-cycle correction using reusable time-to-digital converter TDC. The proposed ADDLL uses a reusable TDC for achieving a wide-operating frequency range. In addition, it ...

The paper investigates the minimum-transmission broadcast problem in duty-cycled wireless sensor networks in which each sensor node alternates between active and sleeping modes during its lifetime for energy saving. We propose a scheme, Distributed ...

Broadcast latency minimization is one of the most important problems in duty-cycled Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). In order to minimize the broadcast latency, recent scheduling schemes prefer to schedule transmissions to nodes along critical paths of ...

Wireless sensor network WSN is still a popular research field, which can be applied to various emerging research topics such as internet of things and smart grid. The sensor nodes are responsible to detect the new environment and monitor the variable ...

Wireless Sensor Networks performing low-power data collection often suffer from uneven load distribution among nodes. Nodes close to the network root typically face a higher load, see their battery deplete first, and become prematurely unable to operate ...

Over the past few years wireless sensor networks applications have evolved from a stage where these networks were designed in a technology-dependent manner to a stage where some conceptual understanding issues now exist. As wireless sensor networks are ...

Broadcast, one of the most essential operations in multihop wireless networks, is widely used for routing discovery, data collection, code updating and other network functions. The problem of computing a broadcasting schedule with minimum latency in ...

Opportunistic routing is widely known to have substantially better performance than unicast routing in wireless networks with lossy links. However, wireless sensor networks are usually duty cycled, that is, they frequently enter sleep states to ensure ...

Non-trivial hardware architectures consist of a significant number of fine-grained modules that communication with each other via dedicated signal lines. In field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), these communication lines are provided in forms of ...

Despite the multitude of protocols that have been designed for event monitoring in sensor networks, very little work has been devoted to assessing the quality of these protocols in terms of their ability to provide timely and accurate information about ...