Heart Rate Variability Estimation Based on RFID Tag-Pair in Dynamic Environments
Article No.: 11, Pages 1 - 26
Abstract
With the rapid development of smart health care, accurate heart rate variability (HRV) estimation for the early detection of diseases has become a hot research topic. Advanced work uses the wireless signal to estimate the heartbeat in a contact-free way, which usually cannot separate multiple users or work in a dynamic environment. In this article, we propose a lightweight heartbeat-sensing method based on RFID tag pairs, which focuses on HRV extraction in a more general sensing scenario. Based on the tag-pair design, we build a novel heartbeat and respiration model to describe the signal relationship between the two tags from the time and space domains. Based on the model, we propose a Calibrated Temporal-Spatial IQ-Shaping-based signal cancellation algorithm to cancel the respiration and extract the heartbeat. To remove the interference in dynamic measurement, we build an IQ-based signal model via a Principal Component Analysis-based interference estimation. To reduce the statistical error in HRV extraction, we further design a neural network to predict the HRV index. We have implemented a system prototype in a real environment with COTS RFID devices. Extensive experiments show that our system can achieve a median RMSSD error of 7.51 ms, which satisfies the medical demand in HRV measurement.
References
[1]
GS1 Global. 2018. EPC radio-frequency identity protocols generation-2 UHF RFID standard. Retrieved from https://www.gs1.org/standards/rfid/uhf-air-interface-protocol
[2]
Wikipedia. 2023. Electrocardiography. Retrieved from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrocardiography
[3]
Wikipedia. 2023. Muscles of respiration. Retrieved from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muscles_of_respiration
[4]
Wikipedia. 2023. Vital signs. Retrieved from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vital_signs
[5]
Yetong Cao, Huijie Chen, Fan Li, and Yu Wang. 2021. Crisp-BP: Continuous wrist PPG-based blood pressure measurement. In Proceedings of the 27th Annual International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking, 378–391.
[6]
Yetong Cao, Fan Li, Huijie Chen, Xiaochen liu, Li Zhang, and Yu Wang. 2022. Guard your heart silently: Continuous electrocardiogram waveform monitoring with wrist-worn motion sensor. Proceedings of the ACM on Interactive, Mobile, Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies 6, 3 (2022), 1–29.
[7]
Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology the North American Society of Pacing Electrophysiology. 1996. Heart rate variability: Standards of measurement, physiological interpretation, and clinical use. Circulation 93, 5 (1996), 1043–1065.
[8]
In Cheol Jeong and Joseph Finkelstein. 2016. Introducing contactless blood pressure assessment using a high speed video camera. Journal of Medical Systems 40 (2016), 1–10.
[9]
Arlene John, Stephen J. Redmond, Barry Cardiff, and Deepu John. 2021. A multimodal data fusion technique for heartbeat detection in wearable IoT sensors. IEEE Internet of Things Journal 9, 3 (2021), 2071–2082.
[10]
Hideo Kaneko and Jun Horie. 2012. Breathing movements of the chest and abdominal wall in healthy subjects. Respiratory Care 57, 9 (2012), 1442–1451.
[11]
Jinyi Liu, Youwei Zeng, Tao Gu, Leye Wang, and Daqing Zhang. 2021. WiPhone: Smartphone-based respiration monitoring using ambient reflected WiFi signals. Proceedings of the ACM on Interactive, Mobile, Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies 5, 1 (2021), 1–19.
[12]
Toshiaki Negishi, Shigeto Abe, Takemi Matsui, He Liu, Masaki Kurosawa, Tetsuo Kirimoto, and Guanghao Sun. 2020. Contactless vital signs measurement system using RGB-thermal image sensors and its clinical screening test on patients with seasonal influenza. Sensors 20, 8 (2020), 2171.
[13]
World Health Organization. 2023. Cardiovascular diseases. Retrieved from https://www.who.int/health-topics/cardiovascular-diseases
[14]
Kun Qian, Chenshu Wu, Fu Xiao, Yue Zheng, Yi Zhang, Zheng Yang, and Yunhao Liu. 2018. Acousticcardiogram: Monitoring heartbeats using acoustic signals on smart devices. In Proceedings of the IEEE Conference on Computer Communications (IEEE INFOCOM ’18). IEEE, 1574–1582.
[15]
Ronald W. Schafer. 2011. What is a Savitzky-Golay filter? [lecture notes]. IEEE Signal Processing Magazine 28, 4 (2011), 111–117.
[16]
Vinothini Selvaraju, Nicolai Spicher, Ju Wang, Nagarajan Ganapathy, Joana M. Warnecke, Steffen Leonhardt, Ramakrishnan Swaminathan, and Thomas M. Deserno. 2022. Continuous monitoring of vital signs using cameras: A systematic review. Sensors 22, 11 (2022), 4097.
[17]
Fred Shaffer and Jay P. Ginsberg. 2017. An overview of heart rate variability metrics and norms. Frontiers in Public Health 5 (2017), 258.
[18]
Chuyu Wang, Lei Xie, Wei Wang, Yingying Chen, Yanling Bu, and Sanglu Lu. 2018. Rf-ecg: Heart rate variability assessment based on cots rfid tag array. Proceedings of the ACM on Interactive, Mobile, Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies 2, 2 (2018), 1–26.
[19]
Fengyu Wang, Xiaolu Zeng, Chenshu Wu, Beibei Wang, and K. J. Ray Liu. 2021. Driver vital signs monitoring using millimeter wave radio. IEEE Internet of Things Journal 9, 13 (2021), 11283–11298.
[20]
Fengyu Wang, Xiaolu Zeng, Chenshu Wu, Beibei Wang, and K. J. Ray Liu. 2021. mmHRV: Contactless heart rate variability monitoring using millimeter-wave radio. IEEE Internet of Things Journal 8, 22 (2021), 16623–16636.
[21]
Hao Wang, Daqing Zhang, Junyi Ma, Yasha Wang, Yuxiang Wang, Dan Wu, Tao Gu, and Bing Xie. 2016. Human respiration detection with commodity WiFi devices: Do user location and body orientation matter?. In Proceedings of the 2016 ACM International Joint Conference on Pervasive and Ubiquitous Computing, 25–36.
[22]
Lei Wang, Kang Huang, Ke Sun, Wei Wang, Chen Tian, Lei Xie, and Qing Gu. 2018. Unlock with your heart: Heartbeat-based authentication on commercial mobile phones. Proceedings of the ACM on Interactive, Mobile, Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies 2, 3 (2018), 1–22.
[23]
Lei Wang, Wei Li, Ke Sun, Fusang Zhang, Tao Gu, Chenren Xu, and Daqing Zhang. 2022. Loear: Push the range limit of acoustic sensing for vital sign monitoring. Proceedings of the ACM on Interactive, Mobile, Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies 6, 3 (2022), 1–24.
[24]
Sanghyun Woo, Jongchan Park, Joon-Young Lee, and In So Kweon. 2018. Cbam: Convolutional block attention module. In Proceedings of the European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV ’18), 3–19.
[25]
Xiangyu Xu, Jiadi Yu, Chengguang Ma, Yanzhi Ren, Hongbo Liu, Yanmin Zhu, Yi-Chao Chen, and Feilong Tang. 2022. mmecg: Monitoring human cardiac cycle in driving environments leveraging millimeter wave. In Proceedings of the IEEE Conference on Computer Communications (IEEE INFOCOM ’22). IEEE, 90–99.
[26]
Yanni Yang, Jiannong Cao, and Yanwen Wang. 2021. Robust RFID-based respiration monitoring in dynamic environments. IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing 22, 3 (2021), 1717–1730.
[27]
Fusang Zhang, Zhi Wang, Beihong Jin, Jie Xiong, and Daqing Zhang. 2020. Your smart speaker can” hear” your heartbeat! Proceedings of the ACM on Interactive, Mobile, Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies 4, 4 (2020), 1–24.
[28]
Jintao Zhang, Jiexiao Yu, Yongtao Ma, and Xiuyan Liang. 2021. RF-RES: Respiration monitoring with COTS RFID tags by Dopplershift. IEEE Sensors Journal 21, 21 (2021), 24844–24854.
[29]
Shigeng Zhang, Xuan Liu, Yangyang Liu, Bo Ding, Song Guo, and Jianxin Wang. 2020. Accurate respiration monitoring for mobile users with commercial RFID devices. IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications 39, 2 (2020), 513–525.
[30]
Shujie Zhang, Tianyue Zheng, Zhe Chen, and Jun Luo. 2022. Can we obtain fine-grained heartbeat waveform via contact-free RF-sensing?. In Proceedings of the IEEE Conference on Computer Communications (IEEE INFOCOM ’22). IEEE, 1759–1768.
[31]
Run Zhao, Dong Wang, Qian Zhang, Haonan Chen, and Anna Huang. 2018. CRH: A contactless respiration and heartbeat monitoring system with COTS RFID tags. In Proceedings of the 2018 15th Annual IEEE International Conference on Sensing, Communication, and Networking (SECON ’18). IEEE, 1–9.
[32]
Tianyue Zheng, Zhe Chen, Chao Cai, Jun Luo, and Xu Zhang. 2020. V2iFi: In-vehicle vital sign monitoring via compact RF sensing. Proceedings of the ACM on Interactive, Mobile, Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies 4, 2 (2020), 1–27.
[33]
Huaiyu Zhu, Yisheng Zhao, Yun Pan, Hanshuang Xie, Fan Wu, and Ruohong Huan. 2021. Robust heartbeat classification for wearable Single-Lead ECG via extreme gradient boosting. Sensors 21, 16 (2021), 5290.
Index Terms
- Heart Rate Variability Estimation Based on RFID Tag-Pair in Dynamic Environments
Recommendations
Classification of sleep apnea using wavelet-based spectral analysis of heart rate variability
BACKGROUND: Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) is the cessation of breathing during sleep due to the collapse of upper airway. Polysomnographic recording is a conventional method for detection of OSA. Although it provides reliable results, it is expensive ...
Nocturnal evolution of heart rate variability indices in sleep apnea
Heart rate variability (HRV) is a valuable clinical tool in diagnosing multiple diseases. This paper presents the results of a spectral HRV analysis conducted with 46 patients. HRV indices for the whole night show differences among patients with severe ...
Heart rate variability virtual sensor application in blood pressure assessment system
BioMED '08: Proceedings of the Sixth IASTED International Conference on Biomedical EngineeringIn order to obtain information about a person's cardiovascular condition, the estimation of heart rate variability (HRV), a parameter that provides detailed knowledge on hemodynamics and autonomic regulation, represents an important challenge. The usual ...
Comments
Please enable JavaScript to view thecomments powered by Disqus.Information & Contributors
Information
Published In
Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than the author(s) must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected].
Publisher
Association for Computing Machinery
New York, NY, United States
Publication History
Published: 23 January 2025
Online AM: 09 September 2024
Accepted: 05 August 2024
Revised: 23 March 2024
Received: 30 August 2023
Published in HEALTH Volume 6, Issue 1
Check for updates
Author Tags
Qualifiers
- Research-article
Funding Sources
- Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (Key Program)
- Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities
- National Natural Science Foundation of China
Contributors
Other Metrics
Bibliometrics & Citations
Bibliometrics
Article Metrics
- 0Total Citations
- 280Total Downloads
- Downloads (Last 12 months)280
- Downloads (Last 6 weeks)39
Reflects downloads up to 01 Mar 2025
Other Metrics
Citations
View Options
Login options
Check if you have access through your login credentials or your institution to get full access on this article.
Sign in