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Interactive Benefits from Switching Electrical to Magnetic Muscle Stimulation

Authors:

Akifumi Takahashi,

Pedro LopesAuthors Info & Claims

UIST '23: Proceedings of the 36th Annual ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology

Article No.: 69, Pages 1 - 12

https://doi.org/10.1145/3586183.3606812

Published: 29 October 2023 Publication History

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Abstract

Electrical muscle stimulation (EMS) became a popular method for force-feedback without mechanical-actuators. While much has been written about the advantages of EMS, not much work has investigated circumventing its key limitations: (1) as impulses traverse the skin, they cause an uncomfortable “tingling”; (2) impulses are delivered via gelled-electrodes, which not only require direct skin contact (must be worn under clothes); but, also (3) dry up after a few hours. To tackle these, we explore switching from electrical to magnetic muscle stimulation (MMS), via electromagnetic fields generated by coils. The first advantage is that MMS coils do not require direct skin contact and can actuate up to 5 cm away (Study#1)—this enables applications not possible with EMS, such as stimulation over the clothes and without ever replacing electrodes. Second, and more important, MMS results in ∼50 % less discomfort caused by tingling than EMS (Study#2). We found that reducing this tingling discomfort has two downstream effects for interactive systems: (1) participants rated MMS force-feedback as more realistic than that of EMS (Study#3); and (2) participants could more accurately perceive the pose actuated by the interactive system (Study#4). Finally, we demonstrated applications where our proposed switch from EMS to MMS improves user experience, including for VR feedback, gaming, and pose-control.

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Index Terms

Interactive Benefits from Switching Electrical to Magnetic Muscle Stimulation
1. Hardware
  1. Emerging technologies
2. Human-centered computing
  1. Human computer interaction (HCI)
    1. Interaction devices
      1. Haptic devices

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cover image ACM Conferences

UIST '23: Proceedings of the 36th Annual ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology

October 2023

1825 pages

ISBN:9798400701320

DOI:10.1145/3586183

Editors:
Sean Follmer
Stanford University, USA
,
Jeff Han,
Jürgen Steimle
Saarland University, Germany
,
Nathalie Henry Riche
Microsoft Research, USA

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Published: 29 October 2023

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https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3672539.3686715
Takahashi ATanaka YTamhane AShen ATeng SLopes P(2024)Can a Smartwatch Move Your Fingers? Compact and Practical Electrical Muscle Stimulation in a SmartwatchProceedings of the 37th Annual ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology10.1145/3654777.3676373(1-15)Online publication date: 13-Oct-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3654777.3676373
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