research-article

Picturing One's Self: Camera Use in Zoom Classes during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Authors:

Guillermo Romera Rodriguez,

John M. CarrollAuthors Info & Claims

L@S '22: Proceedings of the Ninth ACM Conference on Learning @ Scale

Pages 151 - 162

https://doi.org/10.1145/3491140.3528284

Published: 01 June 2022 Publication History

Abstract

Starting from the spring of 2020, higher institutions in the US underwent a rapid shift from in-person classes to emergency remote education, in response to the COVID-19 outbreak. Under this circumstance, a variety of video conferencing tools (e.g., Zoom) have been adopted for distance education, which pose a set of new challenges arising from synchronous online classes. Among these, one significant issue was students' unwillingness to open cameras, resulting in a lack of non-verbal cues that instructors could rely on to gauge students' understanding and adjust their teachings. Towards addressing this issue, our qualitative study aims at investigating the rationales behind students' camera avoidance. Through a series of semi-structured interviews on undergraduate students in the U.S, we identified prominent factors -- namely the class size, lecture style, level of interactivity and privacy concerns -- that influenced students' motivation for opening their cameras. At the same time, we uncovered several difficulties, such as heightened self-awareness, feeling of minority and academic perspective, that discouraged students from opening camera, with more substantial impacts on international students. We conclude with actionable insights into the design of online classes, video-conferencing platforms and camera technology that can promote camera usage, thereby contributing to scalable and inclusive interventions for facilitating the transition into remote education.

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Cited By

Kocur DJach Ł(2024)Turn on your self-compassion and turn on the webcam. Self-compassion, self-esteem, body esteem, gender, and discomfort related to using the camera affect students’ activity during synchronous online classesEducation and Information Technologies10.1007/s10639-024-12831-8Online publication date: 18-Jun-2024
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-024-12831-8
Molloy KThomson C(2023)17. Humanising learning design with digital pragmatismHigher Education for Good10.11647/obp.0363.17(397-420)Online publication date: 25-Oct-2023
https://doi.org/10.11647/obp.0363.17
Wagman KBlinder ESong KVignon ADworkin SClegg TVitak JChetty M(2023)"We picked community over privacy": Privacy and Security Concerns Emerging from Remote Learning Sociotechnical Infrastructure During COVID-19Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction10.1145/36100367:CSCW2(1-29)Online publication date: 4-Oct-2023
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Index Terms

Picturing One's Self: Camera Use in Zoom Classes during the COVID-19 Pandemic
1. Human-centered computing
  1. Human computer interaction (HCI)
    1. Empirical studies in HCI

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cover image ACM Other conferences

L@S '22: Proceedings of the Ninth ACM Conference on Learning @ Scale

June 2022

491 pages

ISBN:9781450391580

DOI:10.1145/3491140

General Chair:
René F. Kizilcec
Cornell University, USA
,
Program Chairs:
Katie Davis
University of Washington, USA
,
Xavier Ochoa
New York University, USA

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https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-024-12831-8
Molloy KThomson C(2023)17. Humanising learning design with digital pragmatismHigher Education for Good10.11647/obp.0363.17(397-420)Online publication date: 25-Oct-2023
https://doi.org/10.11647/obp.0363.17
Wagman KBlinder ESong KVignon ADworkin SClegg TVitak JChetty M(2023)"We picked community over privacy": Privacy and Security Concerns Emerging from Remote Learning Sociotechnical Infrastructure During COVID-19Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction10.1145/36100367:CSCW2(1-29)Online publication date: 4-Oct-2023
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3610036
Ochoa XEcheverria VCarrillo GHeredia VChiluiza KSpikol DViberg OMartínez-Monés AGuo P(2023)Supporting Online Collaborative Work at Scale: A Mixed-Methods Study of a Learning Analytics ToolProceedings of the Tenth ACM Conference on Learning @ Scale10.1145/3573051.3596165(237-247)Online publication date: 20-Jul-2023
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Zhu HLi NRai NCarroll J(2022)SmartGroup: A Tool for Small-Group Learning ActivitiesFuture Internet10.3390/fi1501000715:1(7)Online publication date: 26-Dec-2022
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