research-article

Active volumetric musculoskeletal systems

Authors:

Dinesh K. PaiAuthors Info & Claims

ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG), Volume 33, Issue 4

Article No.: 152, Pages 1 - 9

https://doi.org/10.1145/2601097.2601215

Published: 27 July 2014 Publication History

Abstract

We introduce a new framework for simulating the dynamics of musculoskeletal systems, with volumetric muscles in close contact and a novel data-driven muscle activation model. Muscles are simulated using an Eulerian-on-Lagrangian discretization that handles volume preservation, large deformation, and close contact between adjacent tissues. Volume preservation is crucial for accurately capturing the dynamics of muscles and other biological tissues. We show how to couple the dynamics of soft tissues with Lagrangian multi-body dynamics simulators, which are widely available. Our physiologically based muscle activation model utilizes knowledge of the active shapes of muscles, which can be easily obtained from medical imaging data or designed to meet artistic needs. We demonstrate results with models derived from MRI data and models designed for artistic effect.

Supplementary Material

ZIP File (a152-fan.zip)

Supplemental material.

Download
44.84 MB

MP4 File (a152-sidebyside.mp4)

Download
12.86 MB

References

[1]

Agur, A. M., Ng-Thow-Hing, V., Ball, K. A., Fiume, E., and McKee, N. H. 2003. Documentation and three-dimensional modelling of human soleus muscle architecture. Clinical Anatomy 16, 4, 285--293.

[2]

Bargteil, A. W., Wojtan, C., Hodgins, J. K., and Turk, G. 2007. A Finite Element Method for Animating Large Viscoplastic Flow. ACM Trans. Graph. 26, 3 (July), 16:1--16:8.

Digital Library

[3]

Blemker, S. S., and Delp, S. L. 2005. Three-dimensional representation of complex muscle architectures and geometries. Annals of Biomedical Engineering 33, 5 (May), 661--673.

[4]

Chen, D. T., and Zeltzer, D. 1992. Pump it up: Computer animation of a biomechanically based model of muscle using the finite element method. SIGGRAPH '92, 89--98.

Digital Library

[5]

Coros, S., Martin, S., Thomaszewski, B., Schumacher, C., Sumner, R., and Gross, M. 2012. Deformable objects alive! ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG) 31, 4, 69.

Digital Library

[6]

Delp, S. L., et al. 2007. OpenSim: open-source software to create and analyze dynamic simulations of movement. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 54, 1940--1950.

[7]

English, R. E., Qiu, L., Yu, Y., and Fedkiw, R. 2013. Chimera grids for water simulation. In Proceedings of the 12th ACM SIGGRAPH/Eurographics Symposium on Computer Animation, 85--94.

Digital Library

[8]

Fan, Y., Litven, J., Levin, D. I. W., and Pai, D. K. 2013. Eulerian-on-lagrangian simulation. ACM Trans. Graph. 32, 3 (July), 22:1--22:9.

Digital Library

[9]

Faure, F., Gilles, B., Bousquet, G., and Pai, D. K. 2011. Sparse meshless models of complex deformable solids. In ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG), vol. 30, ACM, 73.

Digital Library

[10]

Geijtenbeek, T., van de Panne, M., and van der Stappen, A. F. 2013. Flexible muscle-based locomotion for bipedal creatures. ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG) 32, 6, 206.

Digital Library

[11]

Gilles, B., Reveret, L., and Pai, D. 2010. Creating and animating subject-specific anatomical models. In Computer Graphics Forum, vol. 29, Wiley Online Library, 2340--2351.

[12]

Goldenthal, R., Harmon, D., Fattal, R., Bercovier, M., and Grinspun, E. 2007. Efficient simulation of inextensible cloth. ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG) 26, 3, 49.

Digital Library

[13]

Herzog, W. 2004. History dependence of skeletal muscle force production: implications for movement control. Hum Mov Sci 23 (Nov), 591--604.

[14]

Holzbaur, K., Murray, W., and Delp, S. 2005. A model of the upper extremity for simulating musculoskeletal surgery and analyzing neuromuscular control. Annals of biomedical engineering 33, 6, 829--840.

[15]

Hughes, T. 2000. The finite element method: linear static and dynamic finite element analysis. Dover Publications.

[16]

Irving, G., Schroeder, C., and Fedkiw, R. 2007. Volume conserving finite element simulations of deformable models. ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG) 26, 3, 13.

Digital Library

[17]

Ito, K., and Kunisch, K. 2008. Lagrange Multiplier Approach to Variational Problems and Applications.

Digital Library

[18]

Lee, S.-H., and Terzopoulos, D. 2008. Spline joints for multibody dynamics. In ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG), vol. 27, ACM, 22.

Digital Library

[19]

Lee, S., Sifakis, E., and Terzopoulos, D. 2009. Comprehensive biomechanical modeling and simulation of the upper body. ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG) 28, 4, 99.

Digital Library

[20]

Lee, D., Glueck, M., Khan, A., Fiume, E., and Jackson, K. 2012. Modeling and simulation of skeletal muscle for computer graphics: A survey. Foundations and Trends in Computer Graphics and Vision 7, 4, 229--276.

Digital Library

[21]

Levin, D. I. W., Litven, J., Jones, G. L., Sueda, S., and Pai, D. K. 2011. Eulerian solid simulation with contact. ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG) 30, 4, 36.

Digital Library

[22]

Levin, D. I. W., Gilles, B., Mädler, B., and Pai, D. K. 2011. Extracting skeletal muscle fiber fields from noisy diffusion tensor data. Medical Image Analysis 15, 3, 340--353.

[23]

Li, D., Sueda, S., Neog, D. R., and Pai, D. K. 2013. Thin skin elastodynamics. ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG) 32, 4, 49.

Digital Library

[24]

Liu, L., Yin, K., Wang, B., and Guo, B. 2013. Simulation and control of skeleton-driven soft body characters. ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG) 32, 6, 215.

Digital Library

[25]

Maas, H., and Sandercock, T. G. 2010. Force transmission between synergistic skeletal muscles through connective tissue linkages. J. Biomed. Biotechnol. 2010, 575--672.

[26]

Misztal, M., Erleben, K., Bargteil, A., Fursund, J., Christensen, B., Bærentzen, J., and Bridson, R. 2012. Multiphase flow of immiscible fluids on unstructured moving meshes. In Eurographics/ACM SIGGRAPH Symposium on Computer Animation, 97--106.

Digital Library

[27]

Nardinocchi, P., and Teresi, L. 2007. On the active response of soft living tissues. Journal of Elasticity 88, 1, 27--39.

[28]

Nealen, A., Müller, M., Keiser, R., Boxerman, E., and Carlson, M. 2006. Physically based deformable models in computer graphics. In Computer Graphics Forum, vol. 25, 809--836.

[29]

Ng-Thow-Hing, V., and Fiume, E. 2002. Application-specific muscle representations. In Graphics Interface, vol. 2, Citeseer, 107--16.

[30]

Ng-Thow-Hing, V., Agur, A., and McKee, N. 2001. A muscle model that captures external shape, internal fibre architecture, and permits simulation of active contraction with volume preservation. In INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON COMPUTER METHODS IN BIOMECHANICS & BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING (5.: 2001: Rome). Anais. Rome.

[31]

Pai, D. K. 2010. Muscle mass in musculoskeletal models. J. Biomechanics 43, 11 (August), 2093--2098.

[32]

Patterson, T., Mitchell, N., and Sifakis, E. 2012. Simulation of complex nonlinear elastic bodies using lattice deformers. ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG) 31, 6, 197.

Digital Library

[33]

Schmid, J., Sandholm, A., Chung, F., Thalmann, D., Delingette, H., and Magnenat-Thalmann, N. 2009. Musculoskeletal simulation model generation from mri data sets and motion capture data. In Recent Advances in the 3D Physiological Human. Springer, 3--19.

[34]

Schumacher, C., Thomaszewski, B., Coros, S., Martin, S., Sumner, R., and Gross, M. 2012. Efficient simulation of example-based materials. In Proceedings of the ACM SIGGRAPH/Eurographics Symposium on Computer Animation, Eurographics Association, 1--8.

Digital Library

[35]

Sifakis, E., and Barbic, J. 2012. Fem simulation of 3d deformable solids: a practitioner's guide to theory, discretization and model reduction. In ACM SIGGRAPH 2012 Course Notes.

Digital Library

[36]

Simo, J. C., and Taylor, R. L. 1991. Quasi-incompressible finite elasticity in principal stretches. continuum basis and numerical algorithms. Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering 85, 3, 273--310.

Digital Library

[37]

Sueda, S., Kaufman, A., and Pai, D. K. 2008. Musculotendon simulation for hand animation. ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG) 27, 3, 83.

Digital Library

[38]

Sueda, S., Jones, G. L., Levin, D. I., and Pai, D. K. 2011. Large-scale dynamic simulation of highly constrained strands. In ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG), vol. 30, ACM, 39.

Digital Library

[39]

Teran, J., Blemker, S., Hing, V., and Fedkiw, R. 2003. Finite volume methods for the simulation of skeletal muscle. In Proceedings of the 2003 ACM SIGGRAPH/Eurographics symposium on Computer animation, Eurographics Association, 68--74.

Digital Library

[40]

Teran, J., Sifakis, E., Blemker, S., Ng-Thow-Hing, V., Lau, C., and Fedkiw, R. 2005. Creating and simulating skeletal muscle from the visible human data set. Visualization and Computer Graphics, IEEE Transactions on 11, 3, 317--328.

Digital Library

[41]

Terzopoulos, D., Platt, J., Barr, A., and Fleischer, K. 1987. Elastically deformable models. In Computer Graphics (Proceedings of SIGGRAPH 87), vol. 21, ACM, 205--214.

Digital Library

[42]

Wei, Q., and Pai, D. 2008. Physically consistent registration of extraocular muscle models from MRI. In Proc. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBS) Annual Conference, 2237--2241.

[43]

Wei, Q., Sueda, S., Miller, J. M., Demer, J. L., and Pai, D. K. 2009. Template-based reconstruction of human extraocular muscles from magnetic resonance images. In ISBI'09. IEEE International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging, IEEE, 105--108.

Digital Library

[44]

Weiss, J. A., Maker, B. N., and Govindjee, S. 1996. Finite element implementation of incompressible, transversely isotropic hyperelasticity. Computer methods in applied mechanics and engineering 135, 1, 107--128.

[45]

Wicke, M., Ritchie, D., Klingner, B. M., Burke, S., Shewchuk, J. R., and O'Brien, J. F. 2010. Dynamic local remeshing for elastoplastic simulation. ACM Trans. Graph. 29 (July), 49:1--49:11.

Digital Library

[46]

Zajac, F. E. 1989. Muscle and tendon: Properties, models, scaling, and application to biomechanics and motor control. CRC Critical Reviews of Biomedical Engineering 17, 4, 359--411.

Cited By

Han YChen YOng CChen JHicks JTeran J(2024)A Neural Network Model for Efficient Musculoskeletal-Driven Skin DeformationACM Transactions on Graphics10.1145/365813543:4(1-12)Online publication date: 19-Jul-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3658135
Kim JLee JKim Y(2024)Motion Generation and Analyzing the User’s Arm Muscles via Leap Motion and Its Data-Driven RepresentationsIEEE Access10.1109/ACCESS.2024.338331812(47787-47796)Online publication date: 2024
https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2024.3383318
Chen YHan YChen JMa SFedkiw RTeran J(2024)Primal residual reduction with extended position based dynamics and hyperelasticityComputers & Graphics10.1016/j.cag.2024.103902119(103902)Online publication date: Apr-2024
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cag.2024.103902
Show More Cited By

Index Terms

Active volumetric musculoskeletal systems
1. Computing methodologies
  1. Computer graphics
    1. Animation
  2. Modeling and simulation
    1. Simulation types and techniques
      1. Simulation by animation

Recommendations

Electrical stimulation of hip adductors and abductors improves gait parameters of children with spastic diplegic cerebral palsy: -pilot study-
iCREATe '10: Proceedings of the 4th International Convention on Rehabilitation Engineering & Assistive Technology

Electrical stimulation (ES) of the hip adductor and abductor muscles simultaneously during functional walking training has never been reported as a management option to improve gait in spastic diplegic children. Objective: To investigate the effects of ...
Ergonomic Designs Based on Musculoskeletal Models
BIBE '11: Proceedings of the 2011 IEEE 11th International Conference on Bioinformatics and Bioengineering

A framework to adjust sitting postures based on musculoskeletal models is presented in this paper. After the analysis of muscles and strength, some comfortable postures are specified as candidate postures. An optimization algorithm is then applied to ...
Timing and kinematics of quadrupedal walking pattern
IROS '95: Proceedings of the International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems-Volume 3 - Volume 3

Improved walking of completely paralyzed paraplegic subjects assisted by multichannel functional electrical stimulation (FES) and crutches is proposed. In the resulting quadrupedal gait the center of body (COB) is both actively and passively transferred ...

Comments

Please enable JavaScript to view thecomments powered by Disqus.

Information & Contributors

Information

Published In

cover image ACM Transactions on Graphics

ACM Transactions on Graphics Volume 33, Issue 4

July 2014

1366 pages

ISSN:0730-0301

EISSN:1557-7368

DOI:10.1145/2601097

Issue’s Table of Contents

Copyright © 2014 ACM.

Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than ACM must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected]

Publisher

Association for Computing Machinery

New York, NY, United States

Publication History

Published: 27 July 2014

Published in TOG Volume 33, Issue 4

Permissions

Request permissions for this article.

Request Permissions

Check for updates

Author Tags

Qualifiers

Research-article

Funding Sources

Contributors

Other Metrics

View Article Metrics

Bibliometrics & Citations

Bibliometrics

Article Metrics

41
Total Citations
View Citations
780
Total Downloads

Downloads (Last 12 months)21
Downloads (Last 6 weeks)1

Reflects downloads up to 03 Oct 2024

Other Metrics

View Author Metrics

Citations

Cited By

Han YChen YOng CChen JHicks JTeran J(2024)A Neural Network Model for Efficient Musculoskeletal-Driven Skin DeformationACM Transactions on Graphics10.1145/365813543:4(1-12)Online publication date: 19-Jul-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3658135
Kim JLee JKim Y(2024)Motion Generation and Analyzing the User’s Arm Muscles via Leap Motion and Its Data-Driven RepresentationsIEEE Access10.1109/ACCESS.2024.338331812(47787-47796)Online publication date: 2024
https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2024.3383318
Chen YHan YChen JMa SFedkiw RTeran J(2024)Primal residual reduction with extended position based dynamics and hyperelasticityComputers & Graphics10.1016/j.cag.2024.103902119(103902)Online publication date: Apr-2024
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cag.2024.103902
Chen YHan YChen JMa SFedkiw RTeran J(2023)Primal Extended Position Based Dynamics for HyperelasticityProceedings of the 16th ACM SIGGRAPH Conference on Motion, Interaction and Games10.1145/3623264.3624437(1-10)Online publication date: 15-Nov-2023
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3623264.3624437
Ramón PRomero CTapia JOtaduy M(2023)SFLSH: Shape-Dependent Soft-Flesh AvatarsSIGGRAPH Asia 2023 Conference Papers10.1145/3610548.3618242(1-9)Online publication date: 10-Dec-2023
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3610548.3618242
Feng YXu XLiu L(2023)MuscleVAE: Model-Based Controllers of Muscle-Actuated CharactersSIGGRAPH Asia 2023 Conference Papers10.1145/3610548.3618137(1-11)Online publication date: 10-Dec-2023
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3610548.3618137
Yeo SVerheul JHerzog WSueda S(2023)Numerical instability of Hill-type muscle modelsJournal of The Royal Society Interface10.1098/rsif.2022.043020:199Online publication date: Feb-2023
https://doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2022.0430
Wang YVerheul JYeo SKalantari NSueda S(2022)Differentiable Simulation of Inertial MusculotendonsACM Transactions on Graphics10.1145/3550454.355549041:6(1-11)Online publication date: 30-Nov-2022
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3550454.3555490
Srinivasan SWang QRojas JKlár GKavan LSifakis E(2021)Learning active quasistatic physics-based models from dataACM Transactions on Graphics10.1145/3450626.345988340:4(1-14)Online publication date: 19-Jul-2021
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3450626.3459883
Ryu HKim MLee SPark MLee KLee J(2021)Functionality‐Driven Musculature RetargetingComputer Graphics Forum10.1111/cgf.1419140:1(341-356)Online publication date: 13-Jan-2021
https://doi.org/10.1111/cgf.14191
Show More Cited By

View Options

Get Access

Login options

Check if you have access through your login credentials or your institution to get full access on this article.

Full Access

Get this Article

View options

PDF

View or Download as a PDF file.

eReader

View online with eReader.

Media

Figures

Other

Tables

View Issue’s Table of Contents