research-article

Contrasting delivery modes for second screen TV content—Push or pull?

Authors:

Amaia Aizpurua,

Simon HarperAuthors Info & Claims

Volume 129, Issue C

Pages 15 - 26

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhcs.2019.03.007

Published: 01 September 2019 Publication History

Highlights

•

We studied two modes for presenting companion content to TV: push and pull.

•

We analysed the distribution of visual attention for both delivery modes.

•

We examined the cognitive workload of viewers in both cases.

•

We explored viewers preferences about each companion content mode.

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We presented a list of recommendations for the design of companion content apps.

Abstract

The use of mobile devices during television viewing is now commonplace, and broadcasters are increasingly supplying programme-related ‘companion content’. To produce an optimal user experience, it is important to determine how the delivery of companion content affects and is perceived by the viewer — without this we risk distracting the viewer, leading to frustration and disengagement. We present a controlled study investigating how attention, cognitive load (as measured by the NASA TLX), and users’ preferences are affected by the provision of two different content delivery modes: pushed and pulled. We find that delivery mode affected the temporal distribution of gaze to the tablet, with a consistent viewing pattern for pushed updates, which attracted attention within a few seconds, and a more diverse set of viewing patterns when updates were pulled. Cognitive load was similar in both conditions, and there was no consensus as to which mode was preferred, but users showed strong, polarised individual preferences. The advantages of each delivery mode are presented as a set of recommendations for the delivery of companion content.

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Cited By

Gorman BCrabb MArmstrong MKitamura YQuigley AIsbister KIgarashi TBjørn PDrucker S(2021)Adaptive Subtitles: Preferences and Trade-Offs in Real-Time Media AdaptionProceedings of the 2021 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems10.1145/3411764.3445509(1-11)Online publication date: 6-May-2021
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3411764.3445509

Index Terms

Contrasting delivery modes for second screen TV content—Push or pull?
1. Human-centered computing
  1. Human computer interaction (HCI)
    1. HCI design and evaluation methods

Index terms have been assigned to the content through auto-classification.

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Information & Contributors

Information

Published In

cover image International Journal of Human-Computer Studies

International Journal of Human-Computer Studies Volume 129, Issue C

Sep 2019

129 pages

ISSN:1071-5819

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Copyright © 2019.

Publisher

Academic Press, Inc.

United States

Publication History

Published: 01 September 2019

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Cited By

Gorman BCrabb MArmstrong MKitamura YQuigley AIsbister KIgarashi TBjørn PDrucker S(2021)Adaptive Subtitles: Preferences and Trade-Offs in Real-Time Media AdaptionProceedings of the 2021 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems10.1145/3411764.3445509(1-11)Online publication date: 6-May-2021
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3411764.3445509

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