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Customized FPGA Implementation of Authenticated Lightweight Cipher Fountain for IoT Systems

Authors:

Gangqiang Yang,

Hailiang Xiong,

Zhiguo WanAuthors Info & Claims

ACM Transactions on Embedded Computing Systems

Accepted on 14 January 2024

https://doi.org/10.1145/3643039

Online AM: 26 January 2024 Publication History

Abstract

Authenticated Encryption with Associated-Data (AEAD) can ensure both confidentiality and integrity of information in encrypted communication. Distinctive variants are customized from AEAD to satisfy various requirements. In this paper, we take a 128-bit lightweight AEAD stream cipher Fountain as an example. We provide a general cryptographic solution with three Fountain variants. These three variants are for encryption, message authentication code (MAC) generation, and authenticated encryption with associated data, respectively. Besides, we propose area-saved and throughput-improved strategies for the FPGA implementation of Fountain. The conventional paralleled hardware implementation leads to much resource-consuming with higher parallel width. We propose a hybrid architecture with parallel and serial update modes simultaneously. We also analyze the trade-off between area occupation and authentication latency for those two architectures. According to our discussion, hybrid architectures can perform efficiently with higher throughput than most ciphers, including Grain-128 x32. Our Fountain keystream generator occupies 46 slices on Spartan-3 FPGAs, smaller than most ciphers with the same security level, and even smaller than the 80-bit security level cipher Trivium. In summary, the customized Fountain with optimized implementations on FPGA is suitable for various applications in the field of IoT.

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Cited By

Konstantopoulou EAthanasiou GSklavos N(2024)Minimizing Area Footprint of UAV Communication Security Using FPGAs2024 IEEE International Conference on Cyber Security and Resilience (CSR)10.1109/CSR61664.2024.10679502(919-924)Online publication date: 2-Sep-2024
https://doi.org/10.1109/CSR61664.2024.10679502
Sugio N(2024)Bit‐Based Evaluation of Lightweight Block Ciphers SLIM, LBC‐IoT, and SLA by Mixed Integer Linear ProgrammingIET Information Security10.1049/2024/17416132024:1Online publication date: 23-Aug-2024
https://doi.org/10.1049/2024/1741613

Index Terms

Customized FPGA Implementation of Authenticated Lightweight Cipher Fountain for IoT Systems
1. Hardware
  1. Integrated circuits
    1. Reconfigurable logic and FPGAs
2. Security and privacy
  1. Cryptography
    1. Symmetric cryptography and hash functions
      1. Block and stream ciphers
  2. Security in hardware
    1. Hardware security implementation

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cover image ACM Transactions on Embedded Computing Systems

ACM Transactions on Embedded Computing Systems Just Accepted

EISSN:1558-3465

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Association for Computing Machinery

New York, NY, United States

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ACM Journals for the Design of Smart and Connected Systems

Publication History

Online AM: 26 January 2024

Accepted: 14 January 2024

Received: 25 November 2023

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Cited By

Konstantopoulou EAthanasiou GSklavos N(2024)Minimizing Area Footprint of UAV Communication Security Using FPGAs2024 IEEE International Conference on Cyber Security and Resilience (CSR)10.1109/CSR61664.2024.10679502(919-924)Online publication date: 2-Sep-2024
https://doi.org/10.1109/CSR61664.2024.10679502
Sugio N(2024)Bit‐Based Evaluation of Lightweight Block Ciphers SLIM, LBC‐IoT, and SLA by Mixed Integer Linear ProgrammingIET Information Security10.1049/2024/17416132024:1Online publication date: 23-Aug-2024
https://doi.org/10.1049/2024/1741613

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