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A double-phase search algorithm for sub-optimal path finding

Published: 04 September 2021 Publication History

Abstract

Traditional optimal path finding algorithms are usually too complex for real world problems, motivating the need to find path with sub-optimality. Typically suboptimal algorithms use a single admissible heuristic value to decide how to find a path and bound the cost. Algorithms like Weighted A*(WA*), Convex upward parabola(XUP) and Convex downward parabola(XDP) have overcome the node re-expansion problem during search. However, this re-incur a balance between the quality of path and the speed of search. In this paper, we research the process of extending and put forward an algorithm that would more efficiently operate the search while on the same time not lower the quality of path. This algorithm includes two phase of search, the first phase is to fasten the process of path finding, while the second phase is to guarantee the quality of path. In most maps we choose from Dragon Age Origins(DAO), our algorithm performs better than WA*.

References

[1]
Jingwei Chen and Nathan R. Sturtevant. 2019. Conditions for Avoiding Node Re-expansions in Bounded Suboptimal Search. International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence (IJCAI) (2019). https://webdocs.cs.ualberta.ca/~nathanst/papers/chen2019conditions.pdf
[2]
Ariel Felner Daniel Gilon and RoniStern. 2016. Dynamic potential search-a new bounded suboptimal search. Symposium on Combinatorial Search(SoCS)(2016). http://aaai.org/ocs/index.php/SOCS/SOCS16/paper/download/13963/13232
[3]
A. Felner, M. Goldenberg, G. Sharon, R. Stern, Nathan Sturtevant, R. C. Holte, and Jonathan Schaeffer. 2012. Partial-expansion A* with Selective Node Generation. In AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence. 471–477. http://www.aaai.org/ocs/index.php/AAAI/AAAI12/paper/viewFile/5036/5226
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P. E. Hart, N. J. Nilsson, and B. Raphael. 1968. A Formal Basis for the Heuristic Determination of Minimum Cost Paths. IEEE Transactions on Systems Science and Cybernetics 4, 2(1968), 100–107.
[5]
Malte Helmert, Tor Lattimore, Levi H. S. Lelis, Laurent Orseau, and Nathan R. Sturtevant. 2019. Iterative Budgeted Exponential Search. International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence (IJCAI) (2019). https://webdocs.cs.ualberta.ca/~nathanst/papers/IBEX.pdf
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Steve Rabin and Nathan Sturtevant. 2013. Pathfinding Architecture Optimizations. In Game AI Pro: Collected Wisdom of Game AI Professionals. CRC Press.
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Steve Rabin and Nathan R. Sturtevant. 2017. Faster A* with Goal Bounding. In Game AI Pro 3: Collected Wisdom of Game AI Professionals. CRC Press.
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C. Rayner, M. Bowling, and N. Sturtevant. 2011. Euclidean Heuristic Optimization. In AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence. 81–86. http://www.cs.ualberta.ca/~nathanst/papers/heuristicopt.pdf
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Shahaf S. Shperberg, Ariel Felner, Nathan R. Sturtevant, Solomon Eyal Shimony, and Avi Hayoun. 2019. Improving Bidirectional Heuristic Search by Bound Propagation. Symposium on Combinatorial Search (SoCS)(2019), 106–114.
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N. Sturtevant. 2012. Benchmarks for Grid-Based Pathfinding. Transactions on Computational Intelligence and AI in Games 4, 2(2012), 144 – 148. http://web.cs.du.edu/~sturtevant/papers/benchmarks.pdf
[11]
Nathan R. Sturtevant. 2019. Exploring EPCG in The Witness. In Knowledge Extraction from Games (AAAI workshop). 58–63. http://www.cs.ualberta.ca/~nathanst/papers/puzzles.pdf
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Nathan R. Sturtevant, Devon Sigurdson, Bjorn Taylor, and Tim Gibson. 2020. Abstraction and Refinement in Games with Dynamic Weighted Terrain. In AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Sister Conference Track. https://www.cs.ualberta.ca/~nathanst/papers/sturtevant2020dwa-abstract.pdf
[13]
Thayne T. Walker, Nathan R. Sturtevant, and Ariel Felner. 2019. Unbounded Sub-Optimal Conflict-Based Search in Complex Domains. Symposium on Combinatorial Search (SoCS)(2019), 204–205. https://webdocs.cs.ualberta.ca/~nathanst/papers/walker2019mapfsubopt.pdf
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H. Zhu, J. Wang, and J. Li. 2013. A novel potential field method for path planning of mobile robot. In 2013 25th Chinese Control and Decision Conference (CCDC). 2811–2814.

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      ICIAI '21: Proceedings of the 2021 5th International Conference on Innovation in Artificial Intelligence
      March 2021
      246 pages
      ISBN:9781450388634
      DOI:10.1145/3461353
      Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than the author(s) must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected].

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      Published: 04 September 2021

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      Author Tags

      1. A*
      2. expansion
      3. obstacle avoidance
      4. path finding
      5. sub-optimal

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