research-article

Mid-Air Drawing of Curves on 3D Surfaces in Virtual Reality

Authors:

Karan SinghAuthors Info & Claims

ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG), Volume 40, Issue 3

Article No.: 33, Pages 1 - 17

https://doi.org/10.1145/3459090

Published: 15 July 2021 Publication History

Abstract

Complex 3D curves can be created by directly drawing mid-air in immersive environments (Augmented and Virtual Realities). Drawing mid-air strokes precisely on the surface of a 3D virtual object, however, is difficult, necessitating a projection of the mid-air stroke onto the user “intended” surface curve. We present the first detailed investigation of the fundamental problem of 3D stroke projection in VR. An assessment of the design requirements of real-time drawing of curves on 3D objects in VR is followed by the definition and classification of multiple techniques for 3D stroke projection. We analyze the advantages and shortcomings of these approaches both theoretically and via practical pilot testing. We then formally evaluate the two most promising techniques spraycan and mimicry with 20 users in VR. The study shows a strong qualitative and quantitative user preference for our novel stroke mimicry projection algorithm. We further illustrate the effectiveness and

utility of stroke mimicry to draw complex 3D curves on surfaces for various artistic and functional design applications.

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Cited By

Yu EChevalier FSingh KBousseau A(2024)3D-Layers: Bringing Layer-Based Color Editing to VR PaintingACM Transactions on Graphics10.1145/365818343:4(1-15)Online publication date: 19-Jul-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3658183
Hu YWang KShao YPlass JWang ZPerlin K(2024)Generative Terrain Authoring with Mid-air Hand Sketching in Virtual RealityProceedings of the 30th ACM Symposium on Virtual Reality Software and Technology10.1145/3641825.3687736(1-10)Online publication date: 9-Oct-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3641825.3687736
Yao ZSun QLiu BLu YLiu GYang XMi H(2024)InkBrush: A Sketching Tool for 3D Ink PaintingProceedings of the 2024 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems10.1145/3613904.3642128(1-15)Online publication date: 11-May-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3613904.3642128
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Index Terms

Mid-Air Drawing of Curves on 3D Surfaces in Virtual Reality
1. Computing methodologies
  1. Computer graphics
    1. Graphics systems and interfaces
    2. Shape modeling
2. Human-centered computing
  1. Human computer interaction (HCI)
    1. Interaction paradigms
      1. Virtual reality

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cover image ACM Transactions on Graphics

ACM Transactions on Graphics Volume 40, Issue 3

June 2021

264 pages

ISSN:0730-0301

EISSN:1557-7368

DOI:10.1145/3463476

Editor:
Marc Alexa
TU Berlin, Germany

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Copyright © 2021 Association for Computing Machinery.

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Publication History

Published: 15 July 2021

Accepted: 01 March 2021

Revised: 01 March 2021

Received: 01 September 2020

Published in TOG Volume 40, Issue 3

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Yu EChevalier FSingh KBousseau A(2024)3D-Layers: Bringing Layer-Based Color Editing to VR PaintingACM Transactions on Graphics10.1145/365818343:4(1-15)Online publication date: 19-Jul-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3658183
Hu YWang KShao YPlass JWang ZPerlin K(2024)Generative Terrain Authoring with Mid-air Hand Sketching in Virtual RealityProceedings of the 30th ACM Symposium on Virtual Reality Software and Technology10.1145/3641825.3687736(1-10)Online publication date: 9-Oct-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3641825.3687736
Yao ZSun QLiu BLu YLiu GYang XMi H(2024)InkBrush: A Sketching Tool for 3D Ink PaintingProceedings of the 2024 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems10.1145/3613904.3642128(1-15)Online publication date: 11-May-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3613904.3642128
Chen SXu RXu JXin STu CYang CLu L(2024)QuickCSGModeling: Quick CSG Operations Based on Fusing Signed Distance Fields for VR ModelingACM Transactions on Multimedia Computing, Communications, and Applications10.1145/359972920:7(1-18)Online publication date: 27-Mar-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3599729
Yuan LLi BWang JQu HZeng W(2024)Generating Virtual Reality Stroke Gesture Data from Out-of-Distribution Desktop Stroke Gesture Data2024 IEEE Conference Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces (VR)10.1109/VR58804.2024.00093(732-742)Online publication date: 16-Mar-2024
https://doi.org/10.1109/VR58804.2024.00093
Machuca MIsrael JKeefe DStuerzlinger W(2024)Toward More Comprehensive Evaluations of 3D Immersive Sketching, Drawing, and PaintingIEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics10.1109/TVCG.2023.327629130:8(4648-4664)Online publication date: Aug-2024
https://doi.org/10.1109/TVCG.2023.3276291
Bonneau GHahmann S(2024)3D sketching in immersive environments: Shape from disordered ribbon strokesComputers & Graphics10.1016/j.cag.2024.103978123(103978)Online publication date: Oct-2024
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cag.2024.103978
Yi XWang XLi JLi H(2023)Examining the Fine Motor Control Ability of Linear Hand Movement in Virtual Reality2023 IEEE Conference Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces (VR)10.1109/VR55154.2023.00058(427-437)Online publication date: Mar-2023
https://doi.org/10.1109/VR55154.2023.00058
Alghofaili RNguyen CKrs VCarr NMĕch RYu L(2023)WARPY: Sketching Environment-Aware 3D Curves in Mobile Augmented Reality2023 IEEE Conference Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces (VR)10.1109/VR55154.2023.00052(367-377)Online publication date: Mar-2023
https://doi.org/10.1109/VR55154.2023.00052
Lee JKim HBae S(2022)Rapid design of articulated objectsACM Transactions on Graphics10.1145/3528223.353009241:4(1-8)Online publication date: 22-Jul-2022
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