research-article

Like PEAS in PoDS: the player, environment, agents, system framework for the personalization of digital systems

Authors:

Omid Mohaddesi,

Guillermo Romera Rodriguez,

Christoffer Holmgård,

Casper HarteveldAuthors Info & Claims

FDG '19: Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on the Foundations of Digital Games

Article No.: 26, Pages 1 - 15

https://doi.org/10.1145/3337722.3337756

Published: 26 August 2019 Publication History

Abstract

Personalization has been explored in the context of games in many forms (e.g., dynamic difficulty adjustment, affective video games, adaptive systems, experience-driven PCG, etc.). The majority of techniques used in these fields have relied on data-driven or manual methods for identifying game components to modify for personalization. We propose a theoretical framework for identifying and categorizing low-level components of games that can be personalized. In this paper we first perform a review of game design frameworks and personalization approaches. We then systematically identify the aspects of games which have been utilized for personalization and which components have been identified in game design frameworks as building blocks of games. We synthesize the identified components into categories of game elements. We then propose PEAS, a theoretical framework for personalization through the adaptation of the Player, Environment, Agents, and System.

References

[1]

Espen Aarseth. 2001. Computer game studies, year one. Game studies 1, 1 (2001), 1--15.

[2]

G. Andrade, G. Ramalho, A. S. Gomes, and V. Corruble. 2006. Dynamic Game Balancing: An Evaluation of User Satisfaction. 6 (2006), 3--8.

Digital Library

[3]

C. S. Ang. 2016. Rules, gameplay, and narratives in video games. Simulation & Gaming (Aug. 2016).

Digital Library

[4]

D. Ang and A. Mitchell. 2017. Comparing Effects of Dynamic Difficulty Adjustment Systems on Video Game Experience. In Proceedings of the Annual Symposium on Computer-Human Interaction in Play (CHI PLAY '17). ACM, 317--327.

Digital Library

[5]

M. Aung, V. Bonometti, A. Drachen, P. Cowling, A. V. Kokkinakis, C. Yoder, and A. Wade. 2018. Predicting Skill Learning in a Large, Longitudinal MOBA Dataset. In 2018 IEEE Conference on Computational Intelligence and Games (CIG). 1--7.

[6]

P. Avery and Z. Michalewicz. 2008. Adapting to human game play. In 2008 IEEE Symposium On Computational Intelligence and Games (CIG). 8--15.

[7]

T. Avontuur, P. Spronck, and M. Van Zaanen. 2013. Player Skill Modeling in Starcraft II. In AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Interactive Digital Entertainment (AIIDE).

Digital Library

[8]

B. Aytemiz and I. Karth. 2018. Talin: A Framework for Dynamic Tutorials based on the Skill Atoms Theory. In AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Interactive Digital Entertainment (AIIDE). 7.

[9]

R. J. S. Baker and P. I. Cowling. 2007. Bayesian Opponent Modeling in a Simple Poker Environment. In 2007 IEEE Symposium on Computational Intelligence and Games (CIG). 125--131.

Digital Library

[10]

S. Bakkes, C. T. Tan, and Y. Pisan. 2012. Personalised gaming: a motivation and overview of literature. In Proceedings of The 8th Australasian Conference on Interactive Entertainment: Playing the System. ACM, 4.

Digital Library

[11]

H. Barber and D. Kudenko. 2007. Dynamic Generation of Dilemma-based Interactive Narratives. 7 (2007), 2--7.

Digital Library

[12]

W. L. Bedwell, D. Pavlas, K. Heyne, E. H. Lazzara, and E. Salas. 2012. Toward a Taxonomy Linking Game Attributes to Learning: An Empirical Study. Simulation & Gaming 43, 6 (Dec. 2012), 729--760.

Digital Library

[13]

K. Bergstrom, J. Jenson, and S. de Castell. 2012. What's 'Choice' Got to Do with It?: Avatar Selection Differences Between Novice and Expert Players of World of Warcraft and Rift. In Proceedings of the International Conference on the Foundations of Digital Games (FDG) (FDG '12). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 97--104.

Digital Library

[14]

M. Bialas, S. Tekofsky, and P. Spronck. 2014. Cultural influences on play style. In 2014 IEEE Conference on Computational Intelligence and Games. 1--7.

[15]

Anil Bilgihan, Cihan Cobanoglu, Khaldoon Nusair, Fevzi Okumus, and Milos Bujisic. 2013. A quantitative study exploring the difference between gaming genre preferences. The Computer Games Journal 2, 1 (March 2013), 19--40.

[16]

Max V. Birk, Cheralyn Atkins, Jason T. Bowey, and Regan L. Mandryk. 2016. Fostering Intrinsic Motivation through Avatar Identification in Digital Games. In Proceedings of the 2016 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems - CHI '16. ACM Press, Santa Clara, California, USA, 2982--2995.

Digital Library

[17]

Staffan Björk. 2004. Patterns in Game Design. (2004), 15.

[18]

Staffan Björk and Jussi Holopainen. 2003. An Interaction-Centric Structural Framework. (2003), 13.

[19]

Staffan Björk and Jussi Holopainen. 2005. Patterns in game design. Charles River Media, Hingham, MA.

[20]

P. M. Blom, S. Bakkes, C. T. Tan, S. Whiteson, D. Roijers, R. Valenti, and T. Gevers. 2014. Towards Personalised Gaming via Facial Expression Recognition. In Proceedings of the 10th AAAI Artificial Intelligence and Interactive Digital Entertainment Conference (AIIDE). https://www.aaai.org/ocs/index.php/AIIDE/AIIDE14/paper/view/8983

Digital Library

[21]

Nikki Kim Boots and Johannes Strobel. 2014. Equipping the Designers of the Future: Best Practices of Epistemic Video Game Design. Games and Culture 9, 3 (May 2014), 167--181.

[22]

Julia Ayumi Bopp, Elisa D. Mekler, and Klaus Opwis. 2016. Negative Emotion, Positive Experience?: Emotionally Moving Moments in Digital Games. In Proceedings of the 2016 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems - CHI '16. ACM Press, Santa Clara, California, USA, 2996--3006.

Digital Library

[23]

Manero Borja, Fernández-Vara Clara, and Fernández-Manjón Baltasar. 2014. Stanislavky's System as a Game Design Method: A Case Study. (2014). http://www.digra.org/wp-content/uploads/digital-library/paper_197.pdf

[24]

P. Bouvier, K. Sehaba, and E. Lavoue. 2014. A trace-based approach to identifying users' engagement and qualifying their engaged-behaviours in interactive systems: application to a social game. User Modeling and User-Adapted Interaction 24, 5 (Dec. 2014), 413--451.

Digital Library

[25]

D. Buckley, K. Chen, and J. Knowles. 2013. Predicting skill from gameplay input to a first-person shooter. In 2013 IEEE Conference on Computational Inteligence in Games (CIG). 1--8.

[26]

S. Bunian, A. Canossa, R. Colvin, and M. S. El-Nasr. 2017. Modeling Individual Differences in Game Behavior Using HMM. In AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Interactive Digital Entertainment (AIIDE). 7.

[27]

P. Burelli, G. Triantafyllidis, and I. Patras. 2014. Non-invasive player experience estimation from body motion and game context. In 2014 IEEE Conference on Computational Intelligence and Games. 1--7.

[28]

P. Burelli and G. N. Yannakakis. 2015. Adapting virtual camera behaviour through player modelling. User Modeling and User-Adapted Interaction 25, 2 (June 2015), 155--183.

Digital Library

[29]

A. Burns and J. Tulip. 2017. Detecting flow in games using facial expressions. In 2017 IEEE Conference on Computational Intelligence and Games (CIG). 45--52.

[30]

Eric Butler, Erik Andersen, Adam M Smith, Sumit Gulwani, and Zoran Popović. 2015. Automatic Game Progression Design through Analysis of Solution Features. In Proceedings of the 33rd Annual ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems - (CHI '15). ACM Press, Seoul, Republic of Korea, 2407--2416.

Digital Library

[31]

Alessandro Canossa, Jeremy B Badler, Magy Seif El-Nasr, Stefanie Tignor, and Randy C Colvin. 2015. In Your Face (t) Impact of Personality and Context on Gameplay Behavior. In Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on the Foundations of Digital Games.

[32]

A. Canossa, A. Drachen, and J. R. M. Sørensen. 2011. Arrrgghh!!!: Blending Quantitative and Qualitative Methods to Detect Player Frustration. In Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Foundations of Digital Games (FGD) (FDG '11). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 61--68.

Digital Library

[33]

Marcus Carter, Martin Gibbs, and Mitchell Harrop. 2012. Metagames, Paragames and Orthogames: A New Vocabulary. In Proceedings of the International Conference on the Foundations of Digital Games (FDG '12). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 11--17.

Digital Library

[34]

A. Chiou and K. W. Wong. 2008. Player Adaptive Entertainment Computing (PAEC): Mechanism to model user satisfaction by using Neuro Linguistic Programming (NLP) techniques. In 2008 IEEE Symposium On Computational Intelligence and Games. 343--349.

[35]

Daniel Cook. 2007. The chemistry of game design. Gamasutra (2007).

[36]

S. Cooper, C. S. Deterding, and T. Tsapakos. 2016. Player Rating Systems for Balancing Human Computation Games : Testing the Effect of Bipartiteness. http://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/100126/

[37]

B. Cowley and D. Charles. 2016. Behavlets: a method for practical player modelling using psychology-based player traits and domain specific features. User Modeling and User-Adapted Interaction 26, 2-3 (June 2016), 257--306.

Digital Library

[38]

B. Cowley, D. Charles, M. Black, and R. Hickey. 2009. Analyzing player behavior in Pacman using feature-driven decision theoretic predictive modeling. In 2009 IEEE Symposium on Computational Intelligence and Games (CIG). 170--177.

Digital Library

[39]

B. Cowley, D. Charles, M. Black, and R. Hickey. 2013. Real-time rule-based classification of player types in computer games. User Modeling and User-Adapted Interaction 23, 5 (Nov. 2013), 489--526.

Digital Library

[40]

Benjamin Cowley, Ilkka Kosunen, Petri Lankoski, J. Matias Kivikangas, Simo Järvelä, Inger Ekman, Jaakko Kemppainen, and Niklas Ravaja. 2014. Experience Assessment and Design in the Analysis of Gameplay. Simulation & Gaming 45, 1 (Feb. 2014), 41--69.

Digital Library

[41]

P. I. Cowling, S. Devlin, E.J. Powley, D. Whitehouse, and J. Rollason. 2015. Player Preference and Style in a Leading Mobile Card Game. IEEE Transactions on Computational Intelligence and AI in Games (TCIAIG) 7, 3 (Sept. 2015), 233--242.

[42]

Steve Dahlskog, Staffan Björk, and Julian Togelius. 2015. Patterns, Dungeons and Generators. Foundations of Digital Games. http://muep.mau.se/handle/2043/19162

[43]

Rafael Marques de Albuquerque and Francisco Antonio Pereira Fialho. 2015. Fun and Games: Player Profiles. The Computer Games Journal 4, 1 (June 2015), 31--46.

[44]

Ansgar E. Depping, Colby Johanson, and Regan L. Mandryk. 2018. Designing for Friendship: Modeling Properties of Play, In-Game Social Capital, and Psychological Well-being. In Proceedings of the 2018 Annual Symposium on Computer-Human Interaction in Play (CHI PLAY '18). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 87--100.

Digital Library

[45]

S. Devlin, A. Anspoka, N. Sephton, P. I. Cowling, and J. Rollason. 2016. Combining gameplay data with monte carlo tree search to emulate human play. In AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Interactive Digital Entertainment (AIIDE).

[46]

Claire Dormann and Mish Boutet. 2013. Incongruous Avatars and Hilarious Sidekicks: Design Patterns for Comical Game Characters. (2013), 16.

[47]

Claire Dormann, Jennifer R. Whitson, and Max Neuvians. 2013. Once More With Feeling: Game Design Patterns for Learning in the Affective Domain. Games and Culture 8, 4 (July 2013), 215--237.

[48]

J. Dormans and S. Bakkes. 2011. Generating missions and spaces for adaptable play experiences. IEEE Transactions on Computational Intelligence and AI in Games 3, 3 (2011), 216--228.

[49]

A. Drachen, A. Canossa, and G. N. Yannakakis. 2009. Player modeling using self-organization in Tomb Raider: Underworld. In Computational Intelligence and Games, 2009. CIG 2009. IEEE Symposium on. IEEE, 1--8.

Digital Library

[50]

A. Drachen, J. Green, C. Gray, E. Harik, P. Lu, R. Sifa, and D. Klabjan. 2016. Guns and guardians: Comparative cluster analysis and behavioral profiling in destiny. In 2016 IEEE Conference on Computational Intelligence and Games (CIG). 1--8.

[51]

A. Drachen, R. Sifa, C. Bauckhage, and C. Thurau. 2012. Guns, swords and data: Clustering of player behavior in computer games in the wild. In 2012 IEEE Conference on Computational Intelligence and Games (CIG). 163--170.

[52]

Magy Seif El-Nasr, Athanasios Vasilakos, Chinmay Rao, and Joseph Zupko. 2009. Dynamic intelligent lighting for directing visual attention in interactive 3-d scenes. IEEE Transactions on Computational Intelligence and AI in Games 1, 2 (2009), 145--153.

[53]

Mirjam Eladhari and Craig A Lindley. 2003. Player Character Design Facilitating Emotional Depth in MMORPGs. (2003), 14.

[54]

Christian Elverdam and Espen Aarseth. 2007. Game Classification and Game Design: Construction Through Critical Analysis. Games and Culture 2, 1 (Jan. 2007), 3--22.

[55]

Katharina Emmerich, Patrizia Ring, and Maic Masuch. 2018. I'm Glad You Are on My Side: How to Design Compelling Game Companions. In Proceedings of the 2018 Annual Symposium on Computer-Human Interaction in Play (CHI PLAY '18). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 141--152.

Digital Library

[56]

Anders Frank. 2007. Balancing Three Different Foci in the Design of Serious Games: Engagement, Training Objective and Context. (2007), 8.

[57]

J. Frommel, F. Fischbach, K. Rogers, and M. Weber. 2018. Emotion-based Dynamic Difficulty Adjustment Using Parameterized Difficulty and Self-Reports of Emotion. In Proceedings of the 2018 Annual Symposium on Computer-Human Interaction in Play (CHI PLAY '18). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 163--171.

Digital Library

[58]

J. Frommel, C. Schrader, and M. Weber. 2018. Towards Emotion-based Adaptive Games: Emotion Recognition Via Input and Performance Features. In Proceedings of the 2018 Annual Symposium on Computer-Human Interaction in Play (CHI PLAY '18). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 173--185.

Digital Library

[59]

M. Garber-Barron and M. Si. 2013. Adaptive Storytelling Through User Understanding. In Proceedings of the 9th AAAI Artificial Intelligence and Interactive Digital Entertainment Conference (AIIDE).

Digital Library

[60]

Rosemary Garris, Robert Ahlers, and James E. Driskell. 2016. Games, Motivation, and Learning: A Research and Practice Model:. Simulation & Gaming (Aug. 2016).

[61]

T. Georgiou and Y. Demiris. 2016. Personalised track design in car racing games. In 2016 IEEE Conference on Computational Intelligence and Games (CIG). 1--8.

[62]

T. Georgiou and Y. Demiris. 2017. Adaptive user modelling in car racing games using behavioural and physiological data. User Modeling and User-Adapted Interaction 27, 2 (June 2017), 267--311.

Digital Library

[63]

William Goddard and Alexander Muscat. 2017. Towards Genre as a Game Design Research Approach. (2017), 14.

[64]

J. Gow, R. Baumgarten, P. Cairns, S. Colton, and P. Miller. 2012. Unsupervised Modeling of Player Style With LDA. IEEE Transactions on Computational Intelligence and AI in Games (TCIAIG) 4, 3 (Sept. 2012), 152--166.

[65]

E. Ha, J. P. Rowe, B. W. Mott, and J. C. Lester. 2011. Goal Recognition with Markov Logic Networks for Player-Adaptive Games. In AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Interactive Digital Entertainment (AIIDE).

Digital Library

[66]

Juho Hamari and Veikko Eranti. 2011. Framework for Designing and Evaluating Game Achievements. (2011), 20.

[67]

E. Harpstead, T. Zimmermann, N. Nagapan, J. J. Guajardo, R. Cooper, T. Solberg, and D. Greenawalt. 2015. What Drives People: Creating Engagement Profiles of Players from Game Log Data. In Proceedings of the 2015 Annual Symposium on Computer-Human Interaction in Play (CHI PLAY '15). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 369--379.

Digital Library

[68]

B. Harrison and D. L. Roberts. 2011. Using Sequential Observations to Model and Predict Player Behavior. In Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Foundations of Digital Games (FDG) (FDG '11). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 91--98.

Digital Library

[69]

B. Harrison and D. L. Roberts. 2013. Analytics-driven dynamic game adaption for player retention in Scrabble. In 2013 IEEE Conference on Computational Inteligence in Games (CIG). 1--8.

[70]

Casper Harteveld, Yetunde Folajimi, and Steven C Sutherland. 2016. Sustainable Life Cycle Game Design: Mixing Games and Reality to Transform Education. (2016), 16.

[71]

Casper Harteveld and Steven Sutherland. 2017. Personalized Gaming for Motivating Social and Behavioral Science Participation. 31--38.

Digital Library

[72]

Casper Harteveld and Steven C. Sutherland. 2015. The Goal of Scoring: Exploring the Role of Game Performance in Educational Games. In Proceedings of the 33rd Annual ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '15). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 2235--2244.

Digital Library

[73]

Lobna Hassan. 2017. Governments Should Play Games: Towards a Framework for the Gamification of Civic Engagement Platforms. Simulation & Gaming 48, 2 (April 2017), 249--267.

Digital Library

[74]

Erin J Hastings, Ratan K Guha, and Kenneth O Stanley. 2009. Evolving content in the galactic arms race video game. In 2009 IEEE Symposium on Computational Intelligence and Games. IEEE, 241--248.

Digital Library

[75]

Stephanie Heintz and Effie Lai-Chong Law. 2015. The Game Genre Map: A Revised Game Classification. In Proceedings of the 2015 Annual Symposium on Computer-Human Interaction in Play (CHI PLAY '15). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 175--184.

Digital Library

[76]

Stephanie Heintz and Effie L.-C. Law. 2018. Digital Educational Games: Methodologies for Evaluating the Impact of Game Type. ACM Trans. Comput.-Hum. Interact. 25, 2 (April 2018), 8:1--8:47.

Digital Library

[77]

S. P. Hernandez, V. Bulitko, and M. Spetch. 2015. Keeping the player on an emotional trajectory in interactive storytelling. In AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Interactive Digital Entertainment (AIIDE).

[78]

Kieran Hicks, Patrick Dickinson, Juicy Holopainen, and Kathrin Gerling. 2018. Good Game Feel: An Empirically Grounded Framework for Juicy Design. (2018), 17.

[79]

C. Holmgård, A. Liapis, J. Togelius, and G. N. Yannakakis. 2014. Evolving personas for player decision modeling. In 2014 IEEE Conference on Computational Intelligence and Games. 1--8.

[80]

D. Hooshyar, M. Yousefi, and H. Lim. 2018. Data-Driven Approaches to Game Player Modeling: A Systematic Literature Review. ACM Computing Surveys (CSUR) 50, 6 (2018), 90.

Digital Library

[81]

Peter Howell. 2011. Schematically Disruptive Game Design. (2011), 13.

[82]

X. Huang, S. Zhang, Y. Shang, W. Zhang, and J. Liu. 2017. Creating Affective Autonomous Characters Using Planning in Partially Observable Stochastic Domains. IEEE Transactions on Computational Intelligence and AI in Games (TCIAIG) 9, 1 (March 2017), 42--62.

[83]

J. Huber, J. W. Payne, and C. Puto. 1982. Adding asymmetrically dominated alternatives: Violations of regularity and the similarity hypothesis. Journal of consumer research 9, 1 (1982), 90--98.

[84]

Kenneth Hullett. 2010. The Science of Level Design. In Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on the Foundations of Digital Games (FDG '10). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 262--264.

Digital Library

[85]

Kenneth Hullett and Jim Whitehead. 2010. Design Patterns in FPS Levels. In Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on the Foundations of Digital Games (FDG '10). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 78--85.

Digital Library

[86]

Robin Hunicke, Marc LeBlanc, and Robert Zubek. 2004. MDA: A Formal Approach to Game Design and Game Research. (2004), 5.

[87]

Pierre-Yves Hurel. 2016. Playing RPG Maker? Amateur Game Design and Video Gaming. (Aug. 2016). https://orbi.uliege.be/handle/2268/200859

[88]

I. Iacovides and A. L. Cox. 2015. Moving Beyond Fun: Evaluating Serious Experience in Digital Games. In Proceedings of the 33rd Annual ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems - (CHI '15). ACM Press, Seoul, Republic of Korea, 2245--2254.

Digital Library

[89]

L. Ilici, J. Wang, O. Missura, and T. Gärtner. 2012. Dynamic difficulty for checkers and Chinese chess. In 2012 IEEE Conference on Computational Intelligence and Games (CIG). 55--62.

[90]

Bradley James, Barbara FLETCHER, and Nia WEARN. 2013. Three Corners of Reward in Computer Games. FDG, Foundation of Digital Games 2013. http://www.fdg2013.org/program/papers/short03_james_etal.pdf

[91]

J. Jeon, D. Yoon, S. Yang, and K. Kim. 2017. Extracting gamers' cognitive psychological features and improving performance of churn prediction from mobile games. In 2017 IEEE Conference on Computational Intelligence and Games (CIG). 150--153.

[92]

S. Kampmann, S. Seele, R. Herpers, P. Becker, and C. Bauckhage. 2015. Automatic mapping of human behavior data to personality model parameters for traffic simulations in virtual environments. In 2015 IEEE Conference on Computational Intelligence and Games (CIG). 336--343.

[93]

M. M. Khajah, B. D. Roads, R. V. Lindsey, Y. Liu, and M. C. Mozer. 2016. Designing Engaging Games Using Bayesian Optimization. In Proceedings of the 2016 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems - (CHI '16). ACM Press, Santa Clara, California, USA, 5571--5582.

Digital Library

[94]

M. Klarkowski, D. Johnson, P. Wyeth, M. McEwan, C. Phillips, and S. Smith. 2016. Operationalising and Evaluating Sub-Optimal and Optimal Play Experiences through Challenge-Skill Manipulation. In Proceedings of the 2016 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems - (CHI '16). ACM Press, Santa Clara, California, USA, 5583--5594.

Digital Library

[95]

Jussi Kuittinen and Jussi Holopainen. 2009. Some Notes on the Nature of Game Design. (2009), 8.

[96]

K. Kunanusont and S. M. Lucas. 2018. Modeling Player Experience with the N-Tuple Bandit Evolutionary Algorithm. In AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Interactive Digital Entertainment (AIIDE). 7.

[97]

G. van Lankveld, P. Spronck, J. van den Herik, and A. Arntz. 2011. Games as personality profiling tools. In 2011 IEEE Conference on Computational Intelligence and Games (CIG'11). 197--202.

[98]

K. Laviers, G. Sukthankar, M. Molineaux, D. Aha, C. Darken, and others. 2009. Improving Offensive Performance Through Opponent Modeling. In AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Interactive Digital Entertainment (AIIDE).

Digital Library

[99]

F. Levillain, J. O. Orero, M. Rifqi, and B. Bouchon-Meunier. 2010. Characterizing player's experience from physiological signals using fuzzy decision trees. In Proceedings of the 2010 IEEE Conference on Computational Intelligence and Games (CIG). 75--82.

[100]

A. Liapis, H. P. Martínez, J. Togelius, and G.N. Yannakakis. 2013. Adaptive game level creation through rank-based interactive evolution. In 2013 IEEE Conference on Computational Inteligence in Games (CIG). 1--8.

[101]

A. Liapis, G. N. Yannakakis, and J. Togelius. 2012. Adapting Models of Visual Aesthetics for Personalized Content Creation. IEEE Transactions on Computational Intelligence and AI in Games (TCIAIG) 4, 3 (Sept. 2012), 213--228.

[102]

A. Liapis, G. N. Yannakakis, and J. Togelius. 2014. Designer modeling for Sentient Sketchbook. In 2014 IEEE Conference on Computational Intelligence and Games. 1--8.

[103]

C. Limand D. F. Harrell. 2015. Understanding players' identities and behavioral archetypes from avatar customization data. In 2015 IEEE Conference on Computational Intelligence and Games (CIG). 238--245.

[104]

C. U. Lim and D. F. Harrell. 2013. Modeling player preferences in avatar customization using social network data: A case-study using virtual items in Team Fortress 2. In 2013 IEEE Conference on Computational Inteligence in Games (CIG). 1--8.

[105]

C. U. Lim and D. F. Harrell. 2015. A data-driven approach for computationally modeling players' avatar customization behaviors. In Proceedings of the 11th AAAI Artificial Intelligence and Interactive Digital Entertainment Conference (AIIDE).

[106]

C. U. Lim and D. F. Harrell. 2015. Developing Computational Models of Players' Identities and Values from Videogame Avatars. In Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on the Foundations of Digital Games (FDG). 5.

[107]

Derek Lomas, Kishan Patel, Jodi L. Forlizzi, and Kenneth R. Koedinger. 2013. Optimizing challenge in an educational game using large-scale design experiments. In Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems - CHI '13. ACM Press, Paris, France, 89.

Digital Library

[108]

J. Derek Lomas, Kenneth Koedinger, Nirmal Patel, Sharan Shodhan, Nikhil Poonwala, and Jodi L. Forlizzi. 2017. Is Difficulty Overrated?: The Effects of Choice, Novelty and Suspense on Intrinsic Motivation in Educational Games. In Proceedings of the 2017 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems - CHI '17. ACM Press, Denver, Colorado, USA, 1028--1039.

Digital Library

[109]

T. Mahlmann, A. Drachen, J. Togelius, A. Canossa, and G. N. Yannakakis. 2010. Predicting player behavior in Tomb Raider: Underworld. In Proceedings of the 2010 IEEE Conference on Computational Intelligence and Games. 178--185.

[110]

S. Makarovych, A. Canossa, J. Togelius, and A. Drachen. 2018. Like a DNA string: Sequence-based Player Profiling in Tom Clancy's The Division. In AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Interactive Digital Entertainment (AIIDE). York.

[111]

Christelle Mariais, Florence Michau, and Jean-Philippe Pernin. 2012. A Description Grid to Support the Design of Learning Role-Play Games. Simulation & Gaming 43, 1 (Feb. 2012), 23--33.

Digital Library

[112]

S. W. McQuiggan, S. Lee, and J. C. Lester. 2006. Predicting User Physiological Response for Interactive Environments: An Inductive Approach. In AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Interactive Digital Entertainment (AIIDE), Vol. 2006. 60--65.

Digital Library

[113]

Edward Melcer and Katherine Isbister. 2016. Bridging the Physical Learning Divides: A Design Framework for Embodied Learning Games and Simulations. (2016), 16.

[114]

Konstantin Mitgutsch and Narda Alvarado. 2012. Purposeful by Design?: A Serious Game Design Assessment Framework. In Proceedings of the International Conference on the Foundations of Digital Games (FDG '12). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 121--128.

Digital Library

[115]

Konstantin Mitgutsch and Narda Alvarado. 2012. Purposeful by design?: a serious game design assessment framework. In Proceedings of the International Conference on the Foundations of Digital Games - FDG '12. ACM Press, Raleigh, North Carolina, 121.

Digital Library

[116]

Konstantin Mitgutsch and Matthew Weise. 2011. Subversive Game Design for Recursive Learning. (2011), 16.

[117]

Baptiste Monterrat, Élise Lavoué, and Sébastien George. 2017. Adaptation of Gaming Features for Motivating Learners. Simulation & Gaming 48, 5 (Oct. 2017), 625--656.

Digital Library

[118]

Alberto Mora, Daniel Riera, Carina González, and Joan Arnedo-Moreno. 2017. Gamification: a systematic review of design frameworks. Journal of Computing in Higher Education 29, 3 (Dec. 2017), 516--548.

[119]

Alexander Muscat, William Goddard, Jonathan Duckworth, and Jussi Holopainen. 2016. First-Person Walkers: Understanding the Walker Experience through Four Design Themes. (2016), 15.

[120]

S. Müller, M. Kapadia, S. Frey, S. Klinger, R. P. Mann, B. Solenthaler, R. W. Sumner, and M. Gross. 2015. Statistical Analysis of Player Behavior in Minecraft. In Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on the Foundations of Digital Games (FDG). http://www.fdg2015.org/papers/fdg2015_paper_39.pdf

[121]

Andy Nealen, Adam Saltsman, and Eddy Boxerman. 2011. Towards Minimalist Game Design. In Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Foundations of Digital Games (FDG '11). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 38--45.

Digital Library

[122]

Mark J Nelson and Michael Mateas. 2008. Recombinable Game Mechanics for Automated Design Support. In AIIDE.

Digital Library

[123]

P. A. Nogueira, R. Aguiar, R. A. Rodrigues, E. C. Oliveira, and L. Nacke. 2014. Fuzzy Affective Player Models: A Physiology-Based Hierarchical Clustering Method. In Proceedings of the 10th AAAI Artificial Intelligence and Interactive Digital Entertainment Conference (AIIDE). https://www.aaai.org/ocs/index.php/AIIDE/AIIDE14/paper/view/8947

Digital Library

[124]

A. Normoyle and S. T. Jensen. 2015. Bayesian clustering of player styles for multiplayer games. In Proceedings of the 11th AAAI Artificial Intelligence and Interactive Digital Entertainment Conference (AIIDE).

[125]

N. O'Donnell, D. L Kappen, Z. Fitz-Walter, S. Deterding, L. E Nacke, and D. Johnson. 2017. How Multidisciplinary is Gamification Research?: Results from a Scoping Review. In Extended Abstracts Publication of the Annual Symposium on Computer-Human Interaction in Play. ACM, 445--452.

Digital Library

[126]

J. K. Olesen, G. N. Yannakakis, and J. Hallam. 2008. Real-time challenge balance in an RTS game using rtNEAT. In 2008 IEEE Symposium On Computational Intelligence and Games. 87--94.

[127]

Carl Magnus Olsson, Staffan Björk, and Steve Dahlskog. 2014. The Conceptual Relationship Model. (2014), 16.

[128]

R. Orji, R. L. Mandryk, and J. Vassileva. 2017. Improving the Efficacy of Games for Change Using Personalization Models. ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction (TOCHI) 24, 5 (Oct. 2017), 32:1--32:22.

Digital Library

[129]

R. Orji, G. F. Tondello, and L. E. Nacke. 2018. Personalizing Persuasive Strategies in Gameful Systems to Gamification User Types. In Proceedings of the 2018 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems - (CHI '18). ACM Press, Montreal QC, Canada, 1--14.

Digital Library

[130]

R. Orji, J. Vassileva, and R. L. Mandryk. 2014. Modeling the efficacy of persuasive strategies for different gamer types in serious games for health. User Modeling and User-Adapted Interaction 24, 5 (Dec. 2014), 453--498.

Digital Library

[131]

C. Pedersen, J. Togelius, and G. N. Yannakakis. 2009. Modeling player experience in Super Mario Bros. In 2009 IEEE Symposium on Computational Intelligence and Games. 132--139.

Digital Library

[132]

C. Pedersen, J. Togelius, and G. N. Yannakakis. 2010. Modeling Player Experience for Content Creation. IEEE Transactions on Computational Intelligence and AI in Games 2, 1 (March 2010), 54--67.

[133]

J. Pfau, J. D. Smeddinck, and R. Malaka. 2018. Towards Deep Player Behavior Models in MMORPGs. In Proceedings of the 2018 Annual Symposium on Computer-Human Interaction in Play (CHI PLAY '18). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 381--392.

Digital Library

[134]

C. Phillips, D. Johnson, M. Klarkowski, M. J. White, and L. Hides. 2018. The Impact of Rewards and Trait Reward Responsiveness on Player Motivation. In Proceedings of the 2018 Annual Symposium on Computer-Human Interaction in Play (CHI PLAY '18). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 393--404.

Digital Library

[135]

Cody Phillips, Daniel Johnson, Madison Klarkowski, Melanie Jade White, and Leanne Hides. 2018. The Impact of Rewards and Trait Reward Responsiveness on Player Motivation. In Proceedings of the 2018 Annual Symposium on Computer-Human Interaction in Play. ACM, 393--404.

Digital Library

[136]

David Pinelle and Nelson Wong. 2008. Heuristic evaluation for games: usability principles for video game design. In Proceeding of the twenty-sixth annual CHI conference on Human factors in computing systems - CHI '08. ACM Press, Florence, Italy, 1453.

Digital Library

[137]

M. Pirovano, R. Mainetti, G. Baud-Bovy, P. L. Lanzi, and N. A. Borghese. 2012. Self-adaptive games for rehabilitation at home. In 2012 IEEE Conference on Computational Intelligence and Games (CIG). 179--186.

[138]

Jean-Luc Portelli and Rilla Khaled. 2016. Spectrum: Exploring the Effects of Player Experience on Game Design. (2016), 16.

[139]

Jean-Nicolas Proulx, Margarida Romero, and Sylvester Arnab. 2017. Learning Mechanics and Game Mechanics Under the Perspective of Self-Determination Theory to Foster Motivation in Digital Game Based Learning. Simulation & Gaming 48, 1 (Feb. 2017), 81--97.

Digital Library

[140]

W. L. Raffe, F. Zambetta, X. Li, and K. O. Stanley. 2015. Integrated Approach to Personalized Procedural Map Generation Using Evolutionary Algorithms. IEEE Transactions on Computational Intelligence and AI in Games (TCIAIG) 7, 2 (June 2015), 139--155.

[141]

Paul Ralph and Kafui Monu. 2015. Toward a Unified Theory of Digital Games. The Computer Games Journal 4, 1 (June 2015), 81--100.

[142]

A. Ramirez and V. Bulitko. 2015. Automated Planning and Player Modeling for Interactive Storytelling. IEEE Transactions on Computational Intelligence and AI in Games 7, 4 (Dec. 2015), 375--386.

[143]

A. J. Ramirez and V. Bulitko. 2012. Telling Interactive Player-specific Stories and Planning for It: ASD + PaSSAGE= PAST. In AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Interactive Digital Entertainment (AIIDE).

Digital Library

[144]

Chad Raphael, Christine Bachen, Kathleen-M. Lynn, Jessica Baldwin-Philippi, and Kristen A. McKee. 2010. Games for Civic Learning: A Conceptual Framework and Agenda for Research and Design. Games and Culture 5, 2 (April 2010), 199--235.

[145]

Amon Rapp. 2017. From Games to Gamification: A Classification of Rewards in World of Warcraft for the Design of Gamified Systems. Simulation & Gaming 48, 3 (June 2017), 381--401.

Digital Library

[146]

Lars Reng and Henrik Schoenau-Fog. 2011. Problem Based Game Design - Engaging Students by Innovation. (2011), 13.

[147]

Abdennour El Rhalibi, David England, Martin Hanneghan, and Stephen Tang. 2005. Extending Soft Models to Game Design : Flow, Challenges, and Conflicts. (2005), 9.

[148]

J. Rivera-Villicana, F. Zambetta, J. Harland, and M. Berry. 2018. Informing a BDI Player Model for an Interactive Narrative. In Proceedings of the 2018 Annual Symposium on Computer-Human Interaction in Play (CHI PLAY '18). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 417--428.

Digital Library

[149]

Ryan Rogers, Julia Woolley, Brett Sherrick, Nicholas David Bowman, and Mary Beth Oliver. 2017. Fun Versus Meaningful Video Game Experiences: A Qualitative Analysis of User Responses. The Computer Games Journal 6, 1 (June 2017), 63--79.

[150]

J. Rowe, B. Mott, and J. Lester. 2014. Optimizing Player Experience in Interactive Narrative Planning: A Modular Reinforcement Learning Approach. In Proceedings of the 10th AAAI Artificial Intelligence and Interactive Digital Entertainment Conference (AIIDE). https://www.aaai.org/ocs/index.php/AIIDE/AIIDE14/paper/view/9008

Digital Library

[151]

J. P. Rowe and J. C. Lester. 2010. Modeling User Knowledge with Dynamic Bayesian Networks in Interactive Narrative Environments. In AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Interactive Digital Entertainment (AIIDE).

Digital Library

[152]

Malcolm Ryan and Dan Staines. 2016. Four Lenses for Designing Morally Engaging Games. (2016), 16.

[153]

A. Saas, A. Guitart, and A. Periánez. 2016. Discovering playing patterns: Time series clustering of free-to-play game data. In 2016 IEEE Conference on Computational Intelligence and Games (CIG). 1--8.

[154]

N. Sato, K. Ikeda, and T. Wada. 2015. Estimation of player's preference for cooperative RPGs using multi-strategy Monte-Carlo method. In 2015 IEEE Conference on Computational Intelligence and Games (CIG). 51--59.

[155]

M. Schaekermann, G. Ribeiro, G. Wallner, S. Kriglstein, D. Johnson, A. Drachen, R. Sifa, and L. E. Nacke. 2017. Curiously Motivated: Profiling Curiosity with Self-Reports and Behaviour Metrics in the Game "Destiny". In Proceedings of the Annual Symposium on Computer-Human Interaction in Play (CHI PLAY '17). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 143--156.

Digital Library

[156]

Jesse Schell. 2008. The art of game design: A book of lenses. Morgan Kaufmann, Burlington, MA.

Digital Library

[157]

V. Schwind and N. Henze. 2018. Gender- and Age-related Differences in Designing the Characteristics of Stereotypical Virtual Faces. In Proceedings of the 2018 Annual Symposium on Computer-Human Interaction in Play (CHI PLAY '18). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 463--475.

Digital Library

[158]

N. Shaker and M. Abou-Zleikha. 2016. Transfer learning for cross-game prediction of player experience. In 2016 IEEE Conference on Computational Intelligence and Games (CIG). 1--8.

[159]

N. Shaker, M. Abou-Zleikha, and M. Shaker. 2015. Active Learning for Player Modeling. In Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on the Foundations of Digital Games (FDG). 8.

[160]

N. Shaker, M. Shaker, and M. Abou-Zleikha. 2015. Towards generic models of player experience. In AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Interactive Digital Entertainment (AIIDE).

[161]

N. Shaker, G. N. Yannakakis, and J. Togelius. 2010. Towards Automatic Personalized Content Generation for Platform Games. In AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Interactive Digital Entertainment (AIIDE).

Digital Library

[162]

N. Shaker, G. N. Yannakakis, J. Togelius, M. Nicolau, and M. O'Neill. 2012. Evolving Personalized Content for Super Mario Bros Using Grammatical Evolution. In 8th Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Interactive Digital Entertainment (AIIDE). https://www.aaai.org/ocs/index.php/AIIDE/AIIDE12/paper/view/5448

Digital Library

[163]

P. Shi and K. Chen. 2018. Learning Constructive Primitives for Real-Time Dynamic Difficulty Adjustment inSuper Mario Bros. IEEE Transactions on Games (ToG) 10, 2 (June 2018), 155--169.

[164]

Kristin Siu and Mark O. Riedl. 2016. Reward Systems in Human Computation Games. In Proceedings of the 2016 Annual Symposium on Computer-Human Interaction in Play (CHI PLAY '16). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 266--275.

Digital Library

[165]

Kristin Siu, Alexander Zook, and Mark O Riedl. 2014. Collaboration versus Competition: Design and Evaluation of Mechanics for Games with a Purpose. (2014), 8.

[166]

J. D. Smeddinck, R. L. Mandryk, M. V. Birk, K. M. Gerling, D. Barsilowski, and R. Malaka. 2016. How to Present Game Difficulty Choices?: Exploring the Impact on Player Experience. In Proceedings of the 2016 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems - (CHI '16). ACM Press, Santa Clara, California, USA, 5595--5607.

Digital Library

[167]

Milad Soroush, Mark Hancock, and Vanessa K. Bohns. 2018. Investigating Game Mechanics That Target Players' Self-Control While Maintaining Engagement. In Proceedings of the 2018 Annual Symposium on Computer-Human Interaction in Play (CHI PLAY '18). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 489--502.

Digital Library

[168]

Olli Sotamaa. 2007. Perceptions of Player in Game Design Literature. (2007), 10.

[169]

P. Spronck, I. Balemans, and G. Van Lankveld. 2012. Player Profiling with Fallout 3. In AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Interactive Digital Entertainment (AIIDE).

Digital Library

[170]

P. Spronck and F. den Teuling. 2010. Player Modeling in Civilization IV. In AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Interactive Digital Entertainment (AIIDE). 180--185.

Digital Library

[171]

Evaggelos Spyrou, Nicholas Vretos, Andrew Pomazanskyi, Stylianos Asteriadis, and Helen C Leligou. 2018. Exploiting IoT Technologies for Personalized Learning. In 2018 IEEE Conference on Computational Intelligence and Games (CIG). IEEE, 1--8.

[172]

D. Stammer, T. Günther, and M. Preuss. 2015. Player-adaptive Spelunky level generation. In 2015 IEEE Conference on Computational Intelligence and Games (CIG). 130--137.

[173]

T. Steffens. 2005. Similarity-based Opponent Modelling using Imperfect Domain Theories. In 2005 IEEE Symposium on Computational Intelligence and Games (CIG). Citeseer.

[174]

Y. Sun, C. Liang, S. Sutherland, C. Harteveld, and D. Kaeli. 2016. Modeling player decisions in a supply chain game. In 2016 IEEE Conference on Computational Intelligence and Games (CIG). 1--8.

[175]

Carl Symborski, Meg Barton, Mary Magee Quinn, James H. Korris, Karim S. Kassam, and Carey K. Morewedge. 2017. The Design and Development of Serious Games Using Iterative Evaluation. Games and Culture 12, 3 (May 2017), 252--268.

[176]

C. H. Tan, K. C. Tan, and A. Tay. 2011. Dynamic Game Difficulty Scaling Using Adaptive Behavior-Based AI. IEEE Transactions on Computational Intelligence and AI in Games (TCIAIG) 3, 4 (Dec. 2011), 289--301.

[177]

C. T. Tan and H. L. Cheng. 2007. Personality-based Adaptation for Teamwork in Game Agents. In AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Interactive Digital Entertainment (AIIDE). 37--42.

Digital Library

[178]

C. T. Tan and H. L. Cheng. 2008. TAP: An Effective Personality Representation for Inter-Agent Adaptation in Games. In AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Interactive Digital Entertainment (AIIDE).

Digital Library

[179]

S. Tekofsky, J. Van Den Herik, P. Spronck, and A. Plaat. 2013. Psyops: Personality assessment through gaming behavior. In In Proceedings of the International Conference on the Foundations of Digital Games (FDG). 166--173.

[180]

S. Tekofsky, P. Spronck, M. Goudbeek, and J. M. Broersen. 2013. Towards a Player Age Model. In AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Interactive Digital Entertainment (AIIDE).

Digital Library

[181]

S. Tekofsky, P. Spronck, A. Plaat, J. van den Herik, and J. Broersen. 2013. Play style: Showing your age. In 2013 IEEE Conference on Computational Inteligence in Games (CIG). 1--8.

[182]

D. Thue and V. Bulitko. 2006. Modeling Goal-Directed Players in Digital Games. In AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Interactive Digital Entertainment (AIIDE). 86--91.

Digital Library

[183]

D. Thue and V. Bulitko. 2018. Toward a Unified Understanding of Experience Management. In AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Interactive Digital Entertainment (AIIDE). 7.

[184]

D. Thue, V. Bulitko, M. Spetch, and E. Wasylishen. 2007. Interactive Storytelling: A Player Modelling Approach. In AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Interactive Digital Entertainment (AIIDE). 43--48.

Digital Library

[185]

J. Togelius, R. De Nardi, and S. M. Lucas. 2007. Towards automatic personalised content creation for racing games. In 2007 IEEE Symposium on Computational Intelligence and Games. 252--259.

Digital Library

[186]

S. Tognetti, M. Garbarino, A. Bonarini, and M. Matteucci. 2010. Modeling enjoyment preference from physiological responses in a car racing game. In Proceedings of the 2010 IEEE Conference on Computational Intelligence and Games. 321--328.

[187]

Gustavo F. Tondello, Alberto Mora, and Lennart E. Nacke. 2017. Elements of Gameful Design Emerging from User Preferences. In Proceedings of the Annual Symposium on Computer-Human Interaction in Play (CHI PLAY '17). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 129--142.

Digital Library

[188]

Gustavo F. Tondello, Rina R. Wehbe, Rita Orji, Giovanni Ribeiro, and Lennart E. Nacke. 2017. A Framework and Taxonomy of Videogame Playing Preferences. In Proceedings of the Annual Symposium on Computer-Human Interaction in Play (CHI PLAY '17). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 329--340.

Digital Library

[189]

Mike Treanor, Alexander Zook, Mirjam P. Eladhari, Julian Togelius, Gillian Smith, Michael Cook, Tommy Thompson, Brian Magerko, John Levine, and Adam Smith. 2015. AI-based game design patterns. In Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on the Foundations of Digital Games 2015 (FDG 2015). Society for the Advancement of Digital Games, Santa Cruz, CA. http://www.fdg2015.org/papers/fdg2015_paper_23.pdf

[190]

April Tyack, Peta Wyeth, and Madison Klarkowski. 2018. Video Game Selection Procedures For Experimental Research. In Proceedings of the 2018 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '18). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 186:1--186:9.

Digital Library

[191]

Jukka Vahlo, Johanna K Kaakinen, Suvi K Holm, and Aki Koponen. 2017. Digital game dynamics preferences and player types. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication 22, 2 (2017), 88--103.

Digital Library

[192]

J. Vahlo, J. Smed, and A. Koponen. 2018. Validating gameplay activity inventory (GAIN) for modeling player profiles. User Modeling and User-Adapted Interaction 28, 4-5 (Dec. 2018), 425--453.

Digital Library

[193]

J. Valls-Vargas, S. Ontanón, and J. Zhu. 2015. Exploring player trace segmentation for dynamic play style prediction. In Proceedings of the 11th AAAI Artificial Intelligence and Interactive Digital Entertainment Conference (AIIDE). 93--99.

[194]

J. M. Vanhatupa. 2011. Guidelines for Personalizing the Player Experience in Computer Role-playing Games. In Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Foundations of Digital Games (FDG) (FDG '11). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 46--52.

Digital Library

[195]

Asimina Vasalou, Gordon Ingram, and Rilla Khaled. 2012. User-centered Research in the Early Stages of a Learning Game. In Proceedings of the Designing Interactive Systems Conference (DIS '12). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 116--125.

Digital Library

[196]

G. Wallner. 2015. Sequential Analysis of Player Behavior. In Proceedings of the 2015 Annual Symposium on Computer-Human Interaction in Play (CHI PLAY '15). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 349--358.

Digital Library

[197]

P. Wang, J. P. Rowe, W. Min, B. W. Mott, and J. C. Lester. 2017. Simulating Player Behavior for Data-Driven Interactive Narrative Personalization. In AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Interactive Digital Entertainment (AIIDE). 255--261.

[198]

R. R. Wehbe, E. D. Mekler, M. Schaekermann, E. Lank, and L. E. Nacke. 2017. Testing Incremental Difficulty Design in Platformer Games. In Proceedings of the 2017 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems - (CHI '17). ACM Press, Denver, Colorado, USA, 5109--5113.

Digital Library

[199]

K. A. Wilson, W. L. Bedwell, E. H. Lazzara, E. Salas, C. S. Burke, J. L. Estock, K. L. Orvis, and C. Conkey. 2009. Relationships Between Game Attributes and Learning Outcomes: Review and Research Proposals. Simulation & Gaming 40, 2 (April 2009), 217--266.

Digital Library

[200]

G. N. Yannakakis and J. Hallam. 2007. Game and Player Feature Selection for Entertainment Capture. In 2007 IEEE Symposium on Computational Intelligence and Games. 244--251.

Digital Library

[201]

G. N. Yannakakis and J. Hallam. 2008. Real-time adaptation of augmented-reality games for optimizing player satisfaction. In 2008 IEEE Symposium On Computational Intelligence and Games. 103--110.

[202]

G. N. Yannakakis and J. Hallam. 2009. Real-Time Game Adaptation for Optimizing Player Satisfaction. IEEE Transactions on Computational Intelligence and AI in Games (TCIAIG) 1, 2 (June 2009), 121--133.

[203]

G. N. Yannakakis, J. Hallam, and H. H. Lund. 2008. Entertainment capture through heart rate activity in physical interactive playgrounds. User Modeling and User-Adapted Interaction 18, 1-2 (Feb. 2008), 207--243.

Digital Library

[204]

G. N. Yannakakis, H. P. Martínez, and A. Jhala. 2010. Towards affective camera control in games. User Modeling and User-Adapted Interaction 20, 4 (Oct. 2010), 313--340.

Digital Library

[205]

H. Yin, L. Luo, W. Cai, Y. Ong, and J. Zhong. 2015. A data-driven approach for online adaptation of game difficulty. In 2015 IEEE Conference on Computational Intelligence and Games (CIG). 146--153.

[206]

H. Yu and M. O. Riedl. 2013. Data-Driven Personalized Drama Management. In Proceedings of the 9th AAAI Artificial Intelligence and Interactive Digital Entertainment Conference (AIIDE).

Digital Library

[207]

H. Yu and M. O. Riedl. 2014. Personalized Interactive Narratives via Sequential Recommendation of Plot Points. IEEE Transactions on Computational Intelligence and AI in Games (TCIAIG) 6, 2 (June 2014), 174--187.

[208]

H. Yu and T. Trawick. 2011. Personalized Procedural Content Generation to Minimize Frustration and Boredom Based on Ranking Algorithm. In AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Interactive Digital Entertainment (AIIDE).

Digital Library

[209]

José P Zagal and Roger Altizer. 2014. Examining 'RPG Elements': Systems of Character Progression. (2014), 8.

[210]

José P. Zagal, Staffan Björk, and Chris Lewis. 2013. Dark Patterns in the Design of Games. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ri:diva-24252

[211]

E. Zhang, G. Culbertson, S. Shen, and M. Jung. 2018. Utilizing Narrative Grounding to Design Storytelling Gamesfor Creative Foreign Language Production. In Proceedings of the 2018 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems - (CHI '18). ACM Press, Montreal QC, Canada, 1--11.

Digital Library

[212]

A. E. Zook and M. O. Riedl. 2012. A Temporal Data-Driven Player Model for Dynamic Difficulty Adjustment. In Proceedings of the 8th AAAI Artificial Intelligence and Interactive Digital Entertainment Conference (AIIDE). 6.

Digital Library

Cited By

Carvalho CTeran LMota MPereira R(2024)Technologies to Support Adaptable Game Design: A Systematic Mapping StudyJournal of the Brazilian Computer Society10.5753/jbcs.2024.309030:1(69-101)Online publication date: 26-Apr-2024
https://doi.org/10.5753/jbcs.2024.3090
Carvalho CTeran LMota MPereira RSantos CBento Villela MRios da Hora Rodrigues Kde Gois Ribeiro Darin T(2022)A systematic mapping study on digital game adaptation dimensionsProceedings of the 21st Brazilian Symposium on Human Factors in Computing Systems10.1145/3554364.3559122(1-14)Online publication date: 17-Oct-2022
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3554364.3559122
Mohaddesi OGriffin JErgun OKaeli DMarsella SHarteveld C(2022)To Trust or to Stockpile: Modeling Human-Simulation Interaction in Supply Chain ShortagesProceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems10.1145/3491102.3502089(1-18)Online publication date: 29-Apr-2022
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3491102.3502089
Show More Cited By

Index Terms

Like PEAS in PoDS: the player, environment, agents, system framework for the personalization of digital systems
1. Computing methodologies
  1. Artificial intelligence
2. Human-centered computing
  1. Human computer interaction (HCI)
    1. HCI theory, concepts and models

Recommendations

Towards a generalized player model through the PEAS framework
FDG '19: Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on the Foundations of Digital Games

This paper presents steps towards a generalized player model built around an external personalization and design framework. The external framework, the Player, Environment, Agents, System (PEAS) framework, resulted from a broad scope review of the ...
Adaptable and personalized game-based training system for fall prevention
MM '13: Proceedings of the 21st ACM international conference on Multimedia

Digital Games which incorporate movements of the player`s body in their gameplay are becoming more and more popular. An increasing number of doctors and physical therapists use such games for training exercises, although these games are not designed to ...
Gerontoludic Design: Extending the MDA Framework to Facilitate Meaningful Play for Older Adults

Considering the popularity of digital games among older adults and the challenge of population ageing, this article identified a need for an integrated game design framework aimed at older audiences. An analysis of the literature on play in later life ...

Comments

Please enable JavaScript to view thecomments powered by Disqus.

Information & Contributors

Information

Published In

cover image ACM Other conferences

FDG '19: Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on the Foundations of Digital Games

August 2019

822 pages

ISBN:9781450372176

DOI:10.1145/3337722

Conference Chair:
Sebastian Deterding
University of York
,
General Chair:
Foaad Khosmood
California Polytechnic State University
,
Program Chairs:
Johanna Pirker
Graz University of Technology
,
Thomas Apperley
CEGCS Tampere University

Copyright © 2019 ACM.

Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than the author(s) must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected].

Publisher

Association for Computing Machinery

New York, NY, United States

Publication History

Published: 26 August 2019

Permissions

Request permissions for this article.

Request Permissions

Check for updates

Author Tags

Qualifiers

Research-article

Funding Sources

Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA)

Conference

FDG '19

FDG '19: The Fourteenth International Conference on the Foundations of Digital Games

August 26 - 30, 2019

California, San Luis Obispo, USA

Acceptance Rates

FDG '19 Paper Acceptance Rate 46 of 124 submissions, 37%;

Overall Acceptance Rate 152 of 415 submissions, 37%

Contributors

Other Metrics

View Article Metrics

Bibliometrics & Citations

Bibliometrics

Article Metrics

10
Total Citations
View Citations
469
Total Downloads

Downloads (Last 12 months)75
Downloads (Last 6 weeks)20

Reflects downloads up to 16 Nov 2024

Other Metrics

View Author Metrics

Citations

Cited By

Carvalho CTeran LMota MPereira R(2024)Technologies to Support Adaptable Game Design: A Systematic Mapping StudyJournal of the Brazilian Computer Society10.5753/jbcs.2024.309030:1(69-101)Online publication date: 26-Apr-2024
https://doi.org/10.5753/jbcs.2024.3090
Carvalho CTeran LMota MPereira RSantos CBento Villela MRios da Hora Rodrigues Kde Gois Ribeiro Darin T(2022)A systematic mapping study on digital game adaptation dimensionsProceedings of the 21st Brazilian Symposium on Human Factors in Computing Systems10.1145/3554364.3559122(1-14)Online publication date: 17-Oct-2022
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3554364.3559122
Mohaddesi OGriffin JErgun OKaeli DMarsella SHarteveld C(2022)To Trust or to Stockpile: Modeling Human-Simulation Interaction in Supply Chain ShortagesProceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems10.1145/3491102.3502089(1-18)Online publication date: 29-Apr-2022
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3491102.3502089
Zhang KBai JLiu J(2022)Generating Game Levels of Diverse Behaviour Engagement2022 IEEE Conference on Games (CoG)10.1109/CoG51982.2022.9893697(167-174)Online publication date: 21-Aug-2022
https://doi.org/10.1109/CoG51982.2022.9893697
Paraschos PKoulouriotis D(2022)Game Difficulty Adaptation and Experience Personalization: A Literature ReviewInternational Journal of Human–Computer Interaction10.1080/10447318.2021.202000839:1(1-22)Online publication date: 18-Apr-2022
https://doi.org/10.1080/10447318.2021.2020008
Zhu JDallal DGray RVillareale JOntañón SForman EArigo D(2021)Personalization Paradox in Behavior Change AppsProceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction10.1145/34491905:CSCW1(1-21)Online publication date: 22-Apr-2021
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3449190
Javvaji NHarteveld CSeif El-Nasr MMirza-Babaei PMcArthur VVanden Abeele VBirk M(2020)Understanding Player Patterns by Combining Knowledge-Based Data Abstraction with Interactive VisualizationProceedings of the Annual Symposium on Computer-Human Interaction in Play10.1145/3410404.3414257(254-266)Online publication date: 2-Nov-2020
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3410404.3414257
Zhu JOntañón S(2020)Player-Centered AI for Automatic Game Personalization: Open ProblemsProceedings of the 15th International Conference on the Foundations of Digital Games10.1145/3402942.3402951(1-8)Online publication date: 15-Sep-2020
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3402942.3402951
Vítek A(2020)Cross-Game Modeling of Player's Behaviour in Free-To-Play GamesProceedings of the 28th ACM Conference on User Modeling, Adaptation and Personalization10.1145/3340631.3398677(384-387)Online publication date: 7-Jul-2020
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3340631.3398677
Snodgrass SMohaddesi OHarteveld CDeterding SKhosmood FPirker JApperley T(2019)Towards a generalized player model through the PEAS frameworkProceedings of the 14th International Conference on the Foundations of Digital Games10.1145/3337722.3341856(1-7)Online publication date: 26-Aug-2019
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3337722.3341856

View Options

Login options

Check if you have access through your login credentials or your institution to get full access on this article.

Full Access

Get this Publication

View options

PDF

View or Download as a PDF file.

eReader

View online with eReader.

Media

Figures

Other

Tables

View Table of Contents