Nothing Special   »   [go: up one dir, main page]

skip to main content
10.1145/3025171.3025234acmconferencesArticle/Chapter ViewAbstractPublication PagesiuiConference Proceedingsconference-collections
research-article

Effect of Motion-Gesture Recognizer Error Pattern on User Workload and Behavior

Published: 07 March 2017 Publication History

Abstract

Bi-level thresholding is a motion gesture recognition technique that mediates between false positives, and false negatives by using two threshold levels: a tighter threshold that limits false positives and recognition errors, and a looser threshold that prevents repeated errors (false negatives) by analyzing movements in sequence. In this paper, we examine the effects of bi-level thresholding on the workload and acceptance of end-users. Using a wizard-of-Oz recognizer, we hold recognition rates constant and adjust for fixed versus bi-level thresholding. Given identical recognition rates, we show that systems using bi-level thresholding result in significant lower workload scores on the NASA-TLX and accelerometer variance. Overall, these results argue for the viability of bi-level thresholding as an effective technique for balancing between false positives, recognition errors and false negatives.

References

[1]
Android studio. https://developer.android.com/studio/index.html.
[2]
Motox. https://motorola-global-portal.custhelp.com/app/answers/prod_answer_detail/a_id/96251/p/30,6720,8696.
[3]
Smart profile. https://motorola-global-portal.custhelp.com/app/answers/detail/a_id/51540/~/droid-x--smart-profile.
[4]
Ashbrook, D., and Starner, T. Magic: A motion gesture design tool. In Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, CHI '10, ACM (NY, NY, USA, 2010), 2159--2168.
[5]
Bartlett, J. F. Rock 'n' scroll is here to stay. IEEE Comput. Graph. Appl. 20, 3 (May 2000), 40--45.
[6]
Bolt, R. "Put-that-there". In Proceedings of the 7th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques SIGGRAPH '80 (1980), 262--270.
[7]
Dai, L., Sears, A., and Goldman, R. Shifting the focus from accuracy to recallability: A study of informal note-taking on mobile information technologies. ACM Trans. Comput.-Hum. Interact. 16, 1 (Apr. 2009), 4:1--4:46.
[8]
Duda, R. O., Hart, P. E., and Stork, D. G. Pattern classification. John Wiley & Sons, 2012.
[9]
Fawcett, T. An introduction to roc analysis. Pattern Recogn. Lett. 27, 8 (June 2006), 861--874.
[10]
Flash, T., and Hogans, N. The coordination of arm movements: An experimentally confirmed mathematical model. Journal of neuroscience 5 (1985), 1688--1703.
[11]
Haque, F., Nancel, M., and Vogel, D. Myopoint: Pointing and clicking using forearm mounted electromyography and inertial motion sensors. In Proceedings of the 33rd Annual ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, CHI '15, ACM (NY, NY, USA, 2015), 3653--3656.
[12]
Hart, G. S., and Staveland, E. L. Development of nasa-tlx (task load index): results of empirical and theoretical research. Human Mental Workload 52 (1988), 139--183.
[13]
Hartmann, B., Abdulla, L., Mittal, M., and Klemmer, S. R. Authoring sensor-based interactions by demonstration with direct manipulation and pattern recognition. In Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, CHI '07, ACM (NY, NY, USA, 2007), 145--154.
[14]
Hastie, T., Tibshirani, R., and Friedman, J. The Elements of Statistical Learning, 2 ed. 2009.
[15]
Hinckley, K., Pierce, J., Sinclair, M., and Horvitz, E. Sensing techniques for mobile interaction. In Proceedings of the 13th Annual ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology, UIST '00, ACM (NY, NY, USA, 2000), 91--100.
[16]
Jones, E., Alexander, J., Andreou, A., Irani, P., and Subramanian, S. Gestext: Accelerometer-based gestural text-entry systems. In Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, CHI '10, ACM (NY, NY, USA, 2010), 2173--2182.
[17]
Kamal, A., Li, Y., and Lank, E. Teaching motion gestures via recognizer feedback. In Proceedings of the 19th International Conference on Intelligent User Interfaces, IUI '14, ACM (NY, NY, USA, 2014), 73--82.
[18]
Katsuragawa, K., Pietroszek, K., Wallace, J. R., and Lank, E. Watchpoint: Freehand pointing with a smartwatch in a ubiquitous display environment. In Proceedings of the International Working Conference on Advanced Visual Interfaces, AVI '16, ACM (NY, NY, USA, 2016), 128--135.
[19]
Katsuragawa, K., Wallace, J. R., and Lank, E. Gestural text input using a smartwatch. In Proceedings of the International Working Conference on Advanced Visual Interfaces, AVI '16, ACM (NY, NY, USA, 2016), 220--223.
[20]
Li, F. C. Y., Dearman, D., and Truong, K. N. Virtual shelves: Interactions with orientation aware devices. In Proceedings of the 22Nd Annual ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology, UIST '09, ACM (NY, NY, USA, 2009), 125--128.
[21]
Li, Y. Protractor: A fast and accurate gesture recognizer. In Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, CHI '10, ACM (NY, NY, USA, 2010), 2169--2172.
[22]
Liu, J., Zhong, L., Wickramasuriya, J., and Vasudevan, V. User evaluation of lightweight user authentication with a single tri-axis accelerometer. In Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction with Mobile Devices and Services, MobileHCI '09, ACM (NY, NY, USA, 2009), 15:1--15:10.
[23]
Mignot, C., Valot, C., and Carbonell, N. An experimental study of future "natural" multimodal human-computer interaction. In INTERACT '93 and CHI '93 Conference Companion on Human Factors in Computing Systems, CHI '93, ACM (NY, NY, USA, 1993), 67--68.
[24]
Nagy, G. 29 optical character recognition - theory and practice. Handbook of statistics 2 (1982), 621--649.
[25]
Negulescu, M., Ruiz, J., and Lank, E. A recognition safety net: Bi-level threshold recognition for mobile motion gestures. In Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Human-computer Interaction with Mobile Devices and Services, MobileHCI '12, ACM (NY, NY, USA, 2012), 147--150.
[26]
Negulescu, M., Ruiz, J., Li, Y., and Lank, E. Tap, swipe, or move: Attentional demands for distracted smartphone input. In Proceedings of the International Working Conference on Advanced Visual Interfaces, AVI '12, ACM (NY, NY, USA, 2012), 173--180.
[27]
Partridge, K., Chatterjee, S., Sazawal, V., Borriello, G., and Want, R. Tilttype: Accelerometer-supported text entry for very small devices. In Proceedings of the 15th Annual ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology, UIST '02, ACM (NY, NY, USA, 2002), 201--204.
[28]
Rekimoto, J. Tilting operations for small screen interfaces. In Proceedings of the 9th Annual ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology, UIST '96, ACM (NY, NY, USA, 1996), 167--168.
[29]
Rigoll, G., Kosmala, A., and Eickeler, S. High performance real-time gesture recognition using hidden markov models. In In Proc. Gesture Workshop, Springer (1998), 69--80.
[30]
Rubine, D. Specifying gestures by example. SIGGRAPH Comput. Graph. 25, 4 (July 1991), 329--337.
[31]
Ruiz, J., and Li, Y. Doubleflip: A motion gesture delimiter for mobile interaction. In Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, CHI '11, ACM (NY, NY, USA, 2011), 2717--2720.
[32]
Ruiz, J., Li, Y., and Lank, E. User-defined motion gestures for mobile interaction. In Proceedings of the 2011 annual conference on Human factors in computing systems, CHI '11, ACM (NY, NY, USA, 2011), 197--206.
[33]
Sezgin, T. M., and Davis, R. Hmm-based efficient sketch recognition. In Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Intelligent User Interfaces, IUI '05, ACM (NY, NY, USA, 2005), 281--283.
[34]
Small, D., and Ishii, H. Design of spatially aware graspable displays. In CHI '97 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems, CHI EA '97, ACM (NY, NY, USA, 1997), 367--368.
[35]
Uchida, S., and Sakoe, H. A survey of elastic matching techniques for handwritten character recognition. IEICE Trans. Inf. Syst. E88-D, 8 (Aug. 2005), 1781--1790.
[36]
Vintsyuk, T. Speech discrimination by dynamic programming. Kybernetika (1968).
[37]
Vogel, D., and Balakrishnan, R. Distant freehand pointing and clicking on very large, high resolution displays. In Proceedings of the 18th Annual ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology, UIST '05, ACM (NY, NY, USA, 2005), 33--42.
[38]
Voida, S., Podlaseck, M., Kjeldsen, R., and Pinhanez, C. A study on the manipulation of 2d objects in a projector/camera-based augmented reality environment. In Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, CHI '05, ACM (NY, NY, USA, 2005), 611--620.
[39]
Weberg, L., Brange, T., and Hansson, A. W. A piece of butter on the pda display. In CHI '01 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems, CHI EA '01, ACM (NY, NY, USA, 2001), 435--436.
[40]
Wigdor, D., and Balakrishnan, R. Tilttext: Using tilt for text input to mobile phones. In Proceedings of the 16th Annual ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology, UIST '03, ACM (NY, NY, USA, 2003), 81--90.
[41]
Wobbrock, J. O., Morris, M. R., and Wilson, A. D. User-defined gestures for surface computing. In Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, CHI '09, ACM (NY, NY, USA, 2009), 1083--1092.
[42]
Wobbrock, J. O., Wilson, A. D., and Li, Y. Gestures Without Libraries, Toolkits or Training: A $1 Recognizer for User Interface Prototypes. In Proceedings of the 20th Annual ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology, UIST '07, ACM (NY, NY, USA, 2007), 159--168.
[43]
Yesilada, Y., Stevens, R., Harper, S., and Goble, C. Evaluating dante: Semantic transcoding for visually disabled users. ACM Trans. Comput.-Hum. Interact. 14, 3 (Sept. 2007).

Cited By

View all
  • (2022)Investigating Cross-Modal Approaches for Evaluating Error Acceptability of a Recognition-Based Input TechniqueProceedings of the ACM on Interactive, Mobile, Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies10.1145/35172626:1(1-24)Online publication date: 29-Mar-2022
  • (2022)Iteratively Designing Gesture Vocabularies: A Survey and Analysis of Best Practices in the HCI LiteratureACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction10.1145/350353729:4(1-54)Online publication date: 5-May-2022
  • (2022)FPSI-Fingertip pose and state-based natural interaction techniques in virtual environmentsMultimedia Tools and Applications10.1007/s11042-022-13824-w82:14(20711-20740)Online publication date: 7-Oct-2022
  • Show More Cited By

Index Terms

  1. Effect of Motion-Gesture Recognizer Error Pattern on User Workload and Behavior

    Recommendations

    Comments

    Please enable JavaScript to view thecomments powered by Disqus.

    Information & Contributors

    Information

    Published In

    cover image ACM Conferences
    IUI '17: Proceedings of the 22nd International Conference on Intelligent User Interfaces
    March 2017
    654 pages
    ISBN:9781450343480
    DOI:10.1145/3025171
    Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than the author(s) must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected].

    Sponsors

    Publisher

    Association for Computing Machinery

    New York, NY, United States

    Publication History

    Published: 07 March 2017

    Permissions

    Request permissions for this article.

    Check for updates

    Author Tags

    1. gesture
    2. handheld devices and mobile computing
    3. interaction design
    4. recognition
    5. thresholding
    6. usability testing and evaluation

    Qualifiers

    • Research-article

    Funding Sources

    Conference

    IUI'17
    Sponsor:

    Acceptance Rates

    IUI '17 Paper Acceptance Rate 63 of 272 submissions, 23%;
    Overall Acceptance Rate 746 of 2,811 submissions, 27%

    Upcoming Conference

    IUI '25

    Contributors

    Other Metrics

    Bibliometrics & Citations

    Bibliometrics

    Article Metrics

    • Downloads (Last 12 months)26
    • Downloads (Last 6 weeks)2
    Reflects downloads up to 19 Nov 2024

    Other Metrics

    Citations

    Cited By

    View all
    • (2022)Investigating Cross-Modal Approaches for Evaluating Error Acceptability of a Recognition-Based Input TechniqueProceedings of the ACM on Interactive, Mobile, Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies10.1145/35172626:1(1-24)Online publication date: 29-Mar-2022
    • (2022)Iteratively Designing Gesture Vocabularies: A Survey and Analysis of Best Practices in the HCI LiteratureACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction10.1145/350353729:4(1-54)Online publication date: 5-May-2022
    • (2022)FPSI-Fingertip pose and state-based natural interaction techniques in virtual environmentsMultimedia Tools and Applications10.1007/s11042-022-13824-w82:14(20711-20740)Online publication date: 7-Oct-2022
    • (2021)Associations among workload dimensions, performance, and situational characteristics: a meta-analytic review of the Task Load IndexBehaviour & Information Technology10.1080/0144929X.2021.2000642(1-13)Online publication date: 10-Nov-2021
    • (2020)What is "intelligent" in intelligent user interfaces?Proceedings of the 25th International Conference on Intelligent User Interfaces10.1145/3377325.3377500(477-487)Online publication date: 17-Mar-2020
    • (2019)Automation Accuracy Is Good, but High Controllability May Be BetterProceedings of the 2019 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems10.1145/3290605.3300750(1-8)Online publication date: 2-May-2019
    • (2019)Bi-Level ThresholdingACM Transactions on Interactive Intelligent Systems10.1145/31816729:2-3(1-30)Online publication date: 2-Apr-2019
    • (2019)Many-to-One Gesture-to-Command Flexible Mapping Approach for Smart Teaching Interface InteractionIEEE Access10.1109/ACCESS.2019.29573657(179517-179531)Online publication date: 2019

    View Options

    Login options

    View options

    PDF

    View or Download as a PDF file.

    PDF

    eReader

    View online with eReader.

    eReader

    Media

    Figures

    Other

    Tables

    Share

    Share

    Share this Publication link

    Share on social media