Classes of United States Senators

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The three classes of United States Senators are made up of 33 or 34 Senate seats each. The purpose of the classes is to determine which Senate seats will be up for election in a given year.

Senators are elected to six-year terms, and every two years the members of one class, or approximately one-third of the senators, face election or re-election.[1]

Terms for senators in Class I expire in 2025, Class II in 2027, and Class III in 2029.[1]

Authority

Article I, section 3 of the Constitution requires the Senate to be divided into three classes for purposes of elections.

Article I, Section 3:

The Senate of the United States shall be composed of two Senators from each State, chosen by the Legislature thereof for six Years; and each Senator shall have one Vote.

Immediately after they shall be assembled in Consequence of the first Election, they shall be divided as equally as may be into three Classes. The Seats of the Senators of the first Class shall be vacated at the Expiration of the second Year, of the second Class at the Expiration of the fourth Year, and of the third Class at the Expiration of the sixth Year, so that one third may be chosen every second Year..

Class I

Senators in Class I were elected to office in the November 2018 general election, unless they took their seat through appointment or special election. Class I terms run from the beginning of the 116th Congress on January 3, 2019, to the end of the 118th Congress on January 3, 2025.

States with a Class I senator:[2]

Class II

Senators in Class II were elected to office in the November 2020 general election, unless they took their seat through appointment or special election. Class II terms run from the beginning of the 117th Congress on January 3, 2021, to the end of the 119th Congress on January 3, 2027.

States with a Class II senator:[3]

Class III

Senators in Class III were elected to office in the November 2022 general election, unless they took their seat through appointment or special election. Class III terms run from the beginning of the 118th Congress on January 3, 2023, to the end of the 120th Congress on January 3, 2029.

States with a Class III senator:[4]

See also

External links

Footnotes

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 United States Senate, "Glossary: Class" accessed February 14, 2013
  2. ↑ United States Senate, "Class I," accessed February 14, 2013
  3. ↑ United States Senate, "Class II," accessed February 14, 2013
  4. ↑ United States Senate, "Class III," accessed February 14, 2013
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