pe

Alternative forms

• pê

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [pe]

Etymology 1

• From Proto-Albanian *petja, from Proto-Indo-European *petino-, from *pet- (“to spread out, to extend”) (compare English fathom). Alternatively from Latin pannus (“cloth, rag, garment”); cf. Greek πανί (paní).^[1]
• From Proto-Albanian *pena-, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)penh₁- (“to draw”).^[2]

Etymology 2

From prej.(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

References

Etymology

From Sãotomense pe (“father”), from Portuguese pai (“father”).

Noun

pe

1. father

References

• John H. McWhorter (2005) Defining Creole (in Annobonese)

Pronoun

pe

1. (Litovska) enclitic reflexive of tu, jou, joj, tumē, and jonē

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /pe/, [pe̞]

Noun

pe inan

1. The name of the Latin-script letter P/p.

Conjunction

pe

1. or

Adjective

pe (interrogative adjective)

1. which, what

Pronunciation

• Rhymes: -e

Noun

pe f (plural pes)

1. The name of the Latin-script letter P/p.
2. the Hebrew letter פ (final form ף)

Numeral

pe

1. three

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ᵐbe/

Noun

pe

1. water

References

• Greenhill, S.J., Blust. R, & Gray, R.D. (2008). The Austronesian Basic Vocabulary Database: From Bioinformatics to Lexomics. Evolutionary Bioinformatics, 4:271-283.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈpe/
• Rhymes: -e
• Syllabification: pe

Etymology 1

From Old Galician-Portuguese pee, from Latin pedem.

Etymology 2

From Old Galician-Portuguese pez, from Latin picem.

Etymology 3

Probably borrowed from Spanish pez.

References

• Valeš, Miroslav (2021) Diccionariu de A Fala: lagarteiru, mañegu, valverdeñu (web)‎, 2nd edition, Minde, Portugal: CIDLeS, published 2022, →ISBN

Noun

pe n (genitive singular pes, plural pe)

1. The name of the Latin-script letter P/p.

Etymology 1

Abbreviation of perjantai.

Etymology 2

From Biblical Hebrew פֵּא (pê).

Determiner

pe

1. that (near addressee)

Etymology 1

From Portuguese pé.

Etymology 2

From Portuguese perna.

Etymology 3

From Portuguese pau.

Etymology

From p +‎ -e.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /pe/, /pɛ/

Noun

pe (plural pe-i)

1. The name of the Latin script letter P/p.

Romanization

pe

1. The hiragana syllable ぺ (pe) or the katakana syllable ペ (pe) in Hepburn romanization.

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *paʀih, from Proto-Austronesian *paʀiS.

Noun

pé (Javanese script ꦥꦺ)

1. ray (marine fish with a flat body, large wing-like fins, and a whip-like tail)

References

• Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*paRiS”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /peː/, [peː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /pe/, [pɛː]

Noun

pē f (indeclinable)

1. The name of the Latin-script letter P/p.

References

• “pe”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• pe in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Arthur E. Gordon, The Letter Names of the Latin Alphabet (University of California Press, 1973; volume 9 of University of California Publications: Classical Studies), part III: “Summary of the Ancient Evidence”, page 32: "Clearly there is no question or doubt about the names of the vowels A, E, I, O, U. They are simply long A, long E, etc. (ā, ē, ī, ō, ū). Nor is there any uncertainty with respect to the six mutes B, C, D, G, P, T. Their names are bē, cē, dē, gē, pē, tē (each with a long E). Or about H, K, and Q: they are hā, kā, kū—each, again, with a long vowel sound."

Etymology

From Latin per, from Proto-Indo-European *peri, derived from the root *per- (“to go over”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /pe/

Preposition

pe

1. for
2. to
3. through
4. in or on
5. by
6. with
7. as

Conjunction

pe

1. and

References

• Greg Pearson, René van den Berg, Lote Grammar Sketch (2008)

Particle

pe

1. Used to indicate possession, similar to English 's.

   Kita pe mama ― My mother

   Ngana pe pingsil ― Your pencil

   Adam pe oto ― Adam's car

Romanization

pe

1. Nonstandard spelling of pē.
2. Nonstandard spelling of pê̄.

Etymology

Contraction of ape, from French après. Compare Haitian Creole ap.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /pe/

Verb

pe (medial form pe)

1. (auxiliary) Used to indicate present progressive tense or the continuous tense in general.

Noun

pe

1. liver

References

• Claire Bowern, Harold James Koch, Australian Languages: Classification and the Comparative Method (2004), page 411

Postposition

pe

1. to, for (indicates a dative object)
2. indicates a causative object

   Ajapo uka mbojape xevy pe ha'i pe.

   I had my mother make me bread.

Noun

pe

1. biznaga, barrel cactus.

Noun

pe

1. Alternative form of po

Etymology

From Latin per.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /pe/, (Naples) IPA^(key): /pə/

This entry needs an audio pronunciation. If you are a native speaker with a microphone, please record this word. The recorded pronunciation will appear here when it's ready.

Preposition

pe

1. for

Etymology

From Old Tupi pe.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [pe]

This entry needs an audio pronunciation. If you are a native speaker with a microphone, please record this word. The recorded pronunciation will appear here when it's ready.

• Hyphenation: pe
• Rhymes: -e

Pronoun

pe

1. (second-class) second-person plural personal pronoun (you, your)

   Pe akanhemu peikú nhaãsé pe kirá peikú.

   You are scared because you are fat.

   Aintá uputari upitá pe irũmu.

   They want to stay with you.

   Pe manha uwiké uka pisasú upé.

   Your mother enters the new house.

   • 2021, Marcel Twardowsky Ávila, Proposta de dicionário nheengatu–português, page 588:

     Te pe resarái masuí peyuri!

     Do not forget where you came from!

See also

References

• AVILA, Marcel Twardowsky (2021) Proposta de dicionário nheengatu–português, page 588
• NAVARRO, Eduardo de Almeida (2016) Curso de língua geral (nheengatu ou tupi moderno): a língua das origens da civilização amazônica, 2nd edition, →ISBN, pages 11 and 107

Noun

pe f (plural pes)

1. pee (the letter p, P)

Etymology

From Latin pedem, accusative of pes. Gallo-Romance cognate with Old French pié.

Noun

pe m (oblique plural pes, nominative singular pes, nominative plural pe)

1. foot (anatomy)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /pɛ/
• Rhymes: -ɛ

Pronoun

pe (2nd class, 2nd person plural, dative peẽme / peẽmo, 1st class equivalent peẽ)

1. (with 2nd or 3rd person object) you

   Coordinate term: (with 1st person object) peîepé

2. (with 2nd or 3rd person subject) objective of peẽ

   Coordinate term: (with 1st person subject) opo-

3. your

See also

References

• Eduardo de Almeida Navarro (2013) “pe”, in Dicionário de tupi antigo: a língua indígena clássica do Brasil [Dictionary of Old Tupi: The Classical Indigenous Language of Brazil] (overall work in Portuguese), São Paulo: Global, →ISBN, page 375

Etymology

From Proto-Katuic *pɛɛ, from Proto-Mon-Khmer *piʔ.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [pɛː]

Numeral

pe

1. three

Particle

pe

1. Abbreviation of peyyāla.

Alternative forms

• pă — Muntenia, informal
• pi — Moldavia (region)
• pre — archaic

Etymology

Inherited from Latin per, with meaning influenced by super.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /pe/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -e

Preposition

pe (+accusative)

1. on

   cartea este pe masă

   The book is on the table.

2. on (some time during the day of)

   A plecat spre Europa acum o săptămână, mai exact, pe zece mai.

   He left for Europe a week ago, that is, on the tenth of May.

3. (no lexical meaning) used to indicate direct object in some cases

   O aștept pe mama.

   I'm waiting on/for mom.

4. through an opening

   a îi ieși (cuiva) pe gură

   (of words) to come out (one’s) mouth

   a sări pe geam/fereastră ― to jump out the window

5. (with spatial prepositions or adverbs) approximately, thereabouts

   L-am văzut prima oară pe undeva pe aici.

   I first saw it somewhere around here.

   Hotelul e pe lângă gară.

   The hotel is somewhere near the station.

References

• pe in DEX online—Dicționare ale limbii române (Dictionaries of the Romanian language)

Alternative forms

• pei (Sursilvan)
• pè (Puter, Vallader)

Etymology

From Latin pēs, pedem (“foot”), from Proto-Indo-European *pṓds.

Noun

pe m (plural pes or peis)

1. (Rumantsch Grischun, Sutsilvan, Surmiran, anatomy) foot

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈpe/ [ˈpe]

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -e
• Syllabification: pe

Noun

pe f (plural pes)

1. The name of the Latin-script letter P/p.

Further reading

• “pe”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10

Adverb

pe

1. (interrogative) where
2. (relative) where

Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish pe, the Spanish name of the letter P/p.

Pronunciation

• (Standard Tagalog) IPA^(key): /ˈpe/ [ˈpɛ]
• Rhymes: -e
• Syllabification: pe

Noun

pe (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜒ)

1. (historical) the name of the Latin-script letter P/p, in the Abecedario

   Synonyms: (in the Filipino alphabet) pi, (in the Abakada alphabet) pa

Etymology

Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *pṓds. Compare the nominative/accusative dual form, peṃ, presumably from Proto-Tocharian *peine du (whence also Tocharian B paine), from an earlier *pei, from the Proto-Indo-European *pódh₁e du, from *pṓds. It is from this dual form in Proto-Tocharian that the singular forms have probably been analogically built. Compare Tocharian B paiyye.^[1]

Noun

pe m

1. foot

References

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /pe/

Noun

pe

1. stone, rock

References

• Dennis, Ronald K., Dennis, Margaret Royce de (1983) Diccionario Tol (Jicaque)-Español y Español-Tol (Jicaque)‎ (in Spanish), Tegucigalpa: Instituto Lingüístico de Verano, page 28

Noun

pe (definite accusative peyi, plural peler)

1. The name of the Latin-script letter P/p.

Noun

pe (definite accusative [please provide], plural [please provide])

1. The name of the Latin-script letter P/p.

Etymology

From earlier bei (now bai), third-person singular imperfect subjunctive of bod.^[1]

The alternative form ped (whence counterfactual forms of bod such as petaswn and taswn) is perhaps from addition of the affirmative particle yd (compare nad and nid).^[1]

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /peː/, /pɛ/

Conjunction

pe

1. if (used with counterfactual conditionals, i.e., those that are impossible or considered very unlikely)

   Pe bawn i'n gyfoethog, teithiwn i o gwmpas y byd.

   If I were rich, I would travel around the world.

References

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /pe/

Preposition

pe

1. with, using

   natala pe peda da langalongi ne ― (you) cut this rope with a machete

   yakor te pe sosodik ― stir the tea with a spoon

2. (directional) to

   iwako pe de mai ― he threw a stone at me (literally, “he threw to me (a) stone”)

References

• Clemens Voorhoeve (1982) The Makian languages and their neighbours‎, Pacific linguistics

Alternative forms

• پعِ

Etymology 1

Etymology 2

Etymology 3

Etymology 4

Etymology 5

Etymology 6

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /pe˧/

Verb

pe

1. (intransitive) to kick

References

• Lukram Himmat Singh (2013) A Descriptive Grammar of Zou, Canchipur: Manipur University, page 40