con

Alternative forms

• com (reintegrationist)

Etymology 1

From Old Galician-Portuguese con, from Latin cum (“with”).

Etymology 2

Attested in local Medieval Latin documents as cauno, with a derived cauneto,^[1] from Proto-Celtic *akaunon (“stone”),^[2] from Proto-Indo-European *h₂éḱmō.^[3] Unlikely from Latin cōnus, which should have originated a word with a closed stressed vowel.^[4] Doublet of gouño.

References

• Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, Ana Isabel Boullón Agrelo (2006–2022) “con”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Xavier Varela Barreiro, Xavier Gómez Guinovart (2006–2018) “caun”, in Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: ILG
• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “con”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “con”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “con”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kɔnˠ/

Noun

con m sg

1. genitive singular of cú

Mutation

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kon/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -on
• Hyphenation: con

Etymology 1

From Latin cum (“with”), from Proto-Italic *kom, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱóm (“next to, at, with, along”).

Etymology 2

Alternative form of com, apocopic form of come, found before consonants other than ⟨b⟩, ⟨m⟩, ⟨p⟩.

References

• con¹ in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana
• con² in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana

Alternative forms

• cun (Gherdëina, Badia)

Etymology

From Latin cum (“with”).

Preposition

con

1. with

   Antonyms: zenza, zënza

Etymology

From Latin cum.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈkuŋ/

Preposition

con

1. with

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kon/

Noun

con m

1. genitive singular/dual/plural of cú

Mutation

Alternative forms

• còn

Etymology

From Proto-Vietic *kɔːn, from Proto-Mon-Khmer *kuun or *kuən. Cognates include Old Mon kon, Khmer កូន (koun), Bahnar kon, Vietnamese con.

Noun

con

1. (Mường Bi) child

Classifier

con

1. (Mường Bi) Indicates animals (including the human)

References

• Hà Quang Phùng (2012 September 6) “Archived copy”, in Tìm hiểu về ngữ pháp tiếng Mường (Thim hiếu wuê ngử pháp thiểng Mường) [Understanding Muong grammar]‎ (FlashPaper; overall work in Vietnamese and Muong), Thanh Sơn–Phú Thọ Province Continuing Education Center, archived from the original on 19 September 2016

Etymology 1

From Latin cunnus.

Etymology 2

Etymology

Inherited from Latin cum, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱóm.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kõ/

Preposition

con

1. with

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kon/

Noun

con m

1. genitive singular/dual/plural of cú

Conjunction

con

1. Alternative form of co (“so that”)
   • c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 12^c38

     con festar cách

     so that everyone may know

Mutation

Etymology

From Latin cum.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kon/

Preposition

con

1. with
   • c. 1200, Cantar del Mio Cid:

     Çid, en el nuestro mal vos non ganades nada;
     mas ¡el Criador vos vala con todas sus vertudes sanctas!»

     Cid, from our ill you gain nothing;
     but may the Creator protect you with all his holy powers!

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈkʰɔn/

Noun

con

1. genitive plural of cù

Mutation

References

• Colin Mark (2003) “cù”, in The Gaelic-English dictionary, London: Routledge, →ISBN, page 184

Etymology

Inherited from Latin cum (“with”), from Proto-Italic *kom, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱóm (“next to, at, with, along”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kon/ [kõn]

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -on
• Syllabification: con

Preposition

con

1. with

   Antonym: sin

2. on

   Yo cuento con ustedes. ― I count on you.

Further reading

• “con”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10

Etymology

From Proto-Vietic *kɔːn, from Proto-Mon-Khmer *kuun ~ *kuən. Cognate with Muong Bi con, Thavung กอน, Mon ကွေန် (kon), Khmer កូន (koun), Bahnar kon, Khasi khun, Central Nicobarese kōan. See also non (“young, juvenile”), which is from an infixed form of the root.

Attested in the Annan Jishi (安南即事, 13th century) as 乾 (MC kan).

Min 囝 is an Austroasiatic loan, likewise Chinese 昆 (MC kwon) in the meaning "offspring, descendants".

Pronunciation

• (Hà Nội) IPA^(key): [kɔn˧˧]
• (Huế) IPA^(key): [kɔŋ˧˧]
• (Saigon) IPA^(key): [kɔŋ˧˧]

• Audio (Hà Nội):

  (file)

• Audio (Saigon):

  (file)

Noun

(classifier đứa) con • (𡥵, 昆)

1. child (daughter or son)

   con cái ― children

   con nuôi ― an adopted child

   gà con ― a chick

   Con cóc con là con con cóc.

   A toadlet is an offspring of a toad.

   • 1983, Homer, translated by Phan Thị Miến, Ô-đi-xê [The Odyssey]:

     Tê-lê-mác, con ! Đừng làm rầy mẹ, mẹ còn muốn thử thách cha ở tại nhà này. Thế nào rồi mẹ con cũng sẽ nhận ra, chắc chắn như vậy. Hiện giờ cha còn bẩn thỉu, áo quần rách rưới, nên mẹ con khinh cha, chưa nói : “Đích thị là chàng rồi !”. […]

     Telemachus, my son! Don’t you bother your mother, she still wants to put me to trials at this home. She will recognize me eventually, there is no doubt about that. I still look like a rascal, in torn clothes, that is why your mother still doubts me, she is yet to say: “It was definitely you this whole time!”. […]

2. (rare, chiefly in translations of ancient texts) a son

   Coordinate term: con gái

3. (only in compounds, in fixed expressions) build; stature

Noun

con • (𡥵, 昆)

1. (rare, only in compounds) a small thing

   con quay ― a spinning top

   con lắc ― a pendulum

Pronoun

con • (𡥵, 昆)

1. I/me (used by children when talking to their parents)
2. (chiefly Central Vietnam and Southern Vietnam) I/me (used when talking to someone significantly older than the speaker)
3. you (used by parents when talking to their children)
4. (chiefly Central Vietnam and Southern Vietnam) you (used when talking to some significantly younger than the speaker)

   Là con thật!

   It's you for real!

Classifier

con • (𡥵, 昆)

1. Indicates animals (including humans).
2. (disrespectful) Indicates female people.

   Antonym: thằng

   một thằng, hai con ― one guy, two girls

3. Indicates knives, ships, boats, trains and eye pupils.

   con dao ― a knife

4. Indicates roads, rivers, streams and waves.

   trên con đường đến hạnh phúc ― on the road/path to happiness

5. (somewhat literary) Indicates written characters.

   con chữ ― a character or letter

6. (colloquial) Indicates wheeled vehicles.

   Anh mày có hẳn hai con xe Honda đấy nhớ!

   I have two Honda motorbikes!

7. (colloquial) Indicates video games and movies.

   Ông chơi con game này chưa?

   Have you played this game?

Etymology

Related to Persian جان (jân).

Noun

con

1. soul