生
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生 (Kangxi radical 100, 生+0, 5 strokes, cangjie input 竹手一 (HQM), four-corner 25100, composition ⿻𠂉土)
Historical forms of the character 生 | |||
---|---|---|---|
Shang | Western Zhou | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
Old Chinese | |
---|---|
猜 | *sʰlɯː |
輤 | *sʰleːns |
綪 | *sʰleːns, *ʔsreːŋ |
倩 | *sʰleːns, *sʰleŋs |
棈 | *sʰleːns |
蒨 | *sʰeːns |
篟 | *sʰeːns |
生 | *sʰleːŋ, *sreŋs |
牲 | *sreŋ |
笙 | *sreŋ |
甥 | *sreŋ |
鉎 | *sreŋ, *sleːŋ |
珄 | *sreŋ |
鼪 | *sreŋ, *sreŋs |
猩 | *sreŋ, *seːŋ |
狌 | *sreŋ |
眚 | *sreŋʔ |
貹 | *sreŋs |
崝 | *zreːŋ |
精 | *ʔsleŋ, *ʔsleŋs |
菁 | *ʔsleŋ |
鶄 | *ʔsleŋ, *sʰleːŋ |
蜻 | *ʔsleŋ, *sʰleːŋ |
鼱 | *ʔsleŋ |
婧 | *ʔsleŋ, *zleŋs, *zleŋʔ |
睛 | *ʔsleŋ, *sʰleŋʔ |
箐 | *ʔsleŋ |
聙 | *ʔsleŋ |
旌 | *ʔsleŋ |
清 | *sʰleŋ |
圊 | *sʰleŋ |
請 | *sʰleŋʔ, *zleŋs, *zleŋ |
凊 | *sʰleŋs |
䝼 | *zleŋs, *zleŋ |
靚 | *zleŋs |
情 | *zleŋ |
晴 | *zleŋ |
夝 | *zleŋ |
靜 | *zleŋʔ |
靖 | *zleŋʔ |
睲 | *seŋʔ, *seːŋs |
惺 | *seŋʔ, *seːŋ |
性 | *sleŋs |
姓 | *sleŋs |
靗 | *l̥ʰeŋs |
鯖 | *ʔljeŋ, *sʰleːŋ |
青 | *sʰleːŋ |
靘 | *sʰleːŋ, *sʰleːŋs |
掅 | *sʰleːŋs |
胜 | *sleːŋ |
曐 | *sleːŋ |
星 | *sleːŋ |
鮏 | *sleːŋ |
腥 | *seːŋ, *seːŋs |
鯹 | *seːŋ |
醒 | *seːŋ, *seːŋʔ, *seːŋs |
篂 | *seːŋ |
Ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意) : 屮 (“bud”) + 一 (“ground”) – sprouting from the ground. A conservative version is 𤯓, which is unrelated to 㞷 (匩 > 匡) and 𡴀 > 丰.
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-riŋ ~ s-r(j)aŋ (“to live; to be alive; to give birth; raw; green”). Cognate with Burmese ရှင် (hrang, “to live; alive”), Mizo hring (“to bear; to bring forth; to give birth to; green”).
Schuessler (2007) proposes that Proto-Sino-Tibetan *sriŋ is derived from the root *sri (“to exist”) (whence possibly Chinese 體 (OC *r̥ʰiːʔ, “body; shape; form”)) + *-ŋ (terminative suffix).
Both level tone and falling tone readings are found in Middle Chinese, but the latter has since been lost and is merged into the level-tone reading in modern dialects.
Related to 青 (OC *sʰleːŋ, “blue-green”), 蒼 (OC *sʰaːŋ, *sʰaːŋʔ, “dark blue; deep green”).
Derivatives: 性 (OC *sleŋs, “nature; character; personality; quality”), 姓 (OC *sleŋs, “family name”).
Pronunciation in Early Middle Chinese is *sraeng, but it comes from an earlier *srjaeng, as seen in Wang Renxu's edition of the Qieyun.
生
gloss=[[intelligence]]; [[natural]] [[endowment]]Please see Module:checkparams for help with this warning.Original form of 性 (xìng).
Variety | Location | Words |
---|---|---|
Classical Chinese | 生, 長 | |
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 長 | |
Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 長 |
Singapore | 長 | |
Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 長 |
Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 生 |
Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 長 |
Xi'an | 長 | |
Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 生 |
Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 長 |
Guilin | 長 | |
Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 生 |
Cantonese | Guangzhou | 生 |
Hong Kong | 生 | |
Dongguan | 生 | |
Gan | Lichuan | 長 |
Pingxiang | 生 | |
Hakka | Meixian | 生 |
Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 生 | |
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 生 | |
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 生 | |
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 生 | |
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 生 | |
Jin | Taiyuan | 長 |
Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 生 |
Southern Min | Xiamen | 生 |
Quanzhou | 生 | |
Zhangzhou | 生 | |
Taipei | 生 GT | |
Singapore (Hokkien) | 生 | |
Shantou | 生 | |
Jieyang | 生 | |
Leizhou | 生 | |
Haikou | 生 | |
Wu | Suzhou | 長 |
Ningbo | 生 | |
Wenzhou | 生 | |
Jinhua | 生 | |
Xiang | Loudi | 生 |
Note | GT - General Taiwanese (no specific region identified) |
Variety | Location | Words |
---|---|---|
Classical Chinese | 生 | |
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 生 | |
Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 生 |
Singapore | 生 | |
Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 生 |
Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 生 |
Ürümqi | 生 | |
Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 生 |
Cantonese | Guangzhou | 生, 臊 |
Hong Kong | 生, 臊 | |
Dongguan | 生 | |
Singapore (Guangfu) | 生 | |
Gan | Nanchang | 生 |
Huizhou | Jixi | 生 |
Jin | Taiyuan | 生 |
Northern Min | Jian'ou | 洗 |
Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 生 |
Southern Min | Xiamen | 生 |
Quanzhou | 生 | |
Zhangzhou | 生 | |
Tainan | 生 | |
Singapore (Hokkien) | 生 | |
Manila (Hokkien) | 生 | |
Singapore (Teochew) | 生 | |
Haikou | 生 | |
Wu | Shanghai | 養 especially of human beings, 生 |
Suzhou | 養 especially of human beings, 生 | |
Wenzhou | 生 | |
Jinhua | 生 | |
Xiang | Loudi | 生 |
Variety | Location | Words |
---|---|---|
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 有生 | |
Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 活 |
Taiwan | 活 | |
Singapore | 活 | |
Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 活 |
Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 活 |
Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 活 |
Wuhan | 活 | |
Guilin | 活 | |
Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 活 |
Hefei | 活 | |
Cantonese | Guangzhou | 生 |
Hong Kong | 生 | |
Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou) | 生 | |
Hong Kong (Ting Kok) | 生 | |
Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) | 生 | |
Yangjiang | 生 | |
Singapore (Guangfu) | 生 | |
Gan | Nanchang | 活 |
Hakka | Meixian | 生 |
Hong Kong | 生 | |
Senai (Huiyang) | 生 | |
Jin | Taiyuan | 活 |
Northern Min | Jian'ou | 生 |
Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 活 |
Southern Min | Xiamen | 活 |
Singapore (Hokkien) | 活 | |
Chaozhou | 活 | |
Bangkok (Teochew) | 活 | |
Johor Bahru (Teochew) | 活 | |
Singapore (Teochew) | 活 | |
Wu | Shanghai | 活 |
Suzhou | 活 | |
Wenzhou | 活, 健 | |
Xiang | Changsha | 活 |
Shuangfeng | 活 |
生
生
Phono-semantic matching of Japanese さん (-san).
生
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