寅 - Wikiwand

More information simp. and trad. ...

simp. and trad.		寅

Glyph origin

More information Historical forms of the character 寅, Shang ...

Historical forms of the character 寅
Shang	Western Zhou	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

More information Old Chinese ...

	Old Chinese
寅	lil, lin
蔩	lil, lenʔ, *lin
鏔	lil, li
演	*lenʔ
縯	lenʔ, linʔ
戭	lenʔ, linʔ
夤	*lin
螾	lin, linʔ
濥	linʔ, lins
瞚	*hljuns

Characters in the same phonetic series (寅) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

Originally an ideogram (指事): an arrow 矢 wih a distinguishing mark (now 日).

In the modern form the arrowhead has corrupted into 宀.

Etymology

3rd earthly branch

Smith (2011) suggests that this branch denoted the "bending, stretching, drawn out" moon phase, i.e. the waning half-moon with a concave flat edge. Smith points to

the possible relation between 寅 (OC *lin) and 引 (OC *linʔ, “to stretch, to draw (a bow)”) (noted earlier by James Mellon Menzies); and
that both graphs 寅 and 引 were used interchangeably as phonophorics for 螾 (OC *lin, *linʔ) and 蚓 (OC *linʔ), meaning "worm".

Association with the tiger was possibly arbitrary, just like 辰 (chén) with the dragon (see Ferlus, 2013)

Pronunciation

More information Rime, Character ...

Rime
Character	寅	寅
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	以 (36)	以 (36)
Final (韻)	脂 (15)	眞 (43)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	以脂切	翼眞切
Baxter	yij	yin
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/jiɪ/	/jiɪn/
Pan Wuyun	/ji/	/jin/
Shao Rongfen	/jɪ/	/jen/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ji/	/jin/
Li Rong	/i/	/iĕn/
Wang Li	/ji/	/jĭĕn/
Bernhard Karlgren	/i/	/i̯ĕn/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yí	yín
Expected Cantonese Reflex	ji⁴	jan⁴

More information Character, Reading # ...

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	寅	寅
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	yín	yín
Middle Chinese	‹ yij ›	‹ yin ›
Old Chinese	/*[ɢ](r)ər/	/*[ɢ](r)ər/
English	3rd earthly branch	3rd earthly branch
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

More information Zhengzhang system (2003), Character ...

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	寅	寅
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	15273	15281
Phonetic component	寅	寅
Rime group	脂	眞
Rime subdivision	1	1
Corresponding MC rime	姨	寅
Old Chinese	/*lil/	/*lin/

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): yín (yin²)

(Zhuyin): ㄧㄣˊ

(Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): yin²
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): jan⁴

(Taishan, Wiktionary): yin³
Gan (Wiktionary): in⁴
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): yì

(Hailu, HRS): rhi

(Meixian, Guangdong): yi²
Jin (Wiktionary): ing¹
Northern Min (KCR): ěng
Eastern Min (BUC): ìng
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): ing²
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): în

(Teochew, Peng'im): ing⁵
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁶yin
Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): in²

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: yín
  - Zhuyin: ㄧㄣˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: yín
  - Wade–Giles: yin²
  - Yale: yín
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yn
  - Palladius: инь (inʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /in³⁵/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: yin²
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: in
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /in²¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: jan⁴
  - Yale: yàhn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: jan⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: yen⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jɐn²¹/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: yin³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jin²²/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: in⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /in³⁵/
Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yì
  - Hakka Romanization System: i^ˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: yi²
  - Sinological IPA: /i¹¹/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yì
  - Hakka Romanization System: (r)i^ˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: yi²
  - Sinological IPA: /(j)i¹¹/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
  - Hakka Romanization System: rhi
  - Sinological IPA: /ʒi⁵⁵/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: yi²
  - Sinological IPA: /i¹¹/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: ing¹
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /iŋ¹¹/
Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: ěng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /eiŋ²¹/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: ìng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /iŋ⁵³/
Puxian Min
- (Putian, Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: ing²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /iŋ¹³/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: în
  - Tâi-lô: în
  - Phofsit Daibuun: iin
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /in¹³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /in²³/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Taipei): /in²⁴/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: ing⁵
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: îng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /iŋ⁵⁵/
Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁶yin
  - MiniDict: yin^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³hhin
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ɦin²³/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: in²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /in¹³/

Middle Chinese: yij, yin

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[ɢ](r)ər/

(Zhengzhang): /*lil/, /*lin/

Definitions

寅

(Classical) to revere, respect
- 同寅協恭和衷哉！ [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  同寅协恭和衷哉！ [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: The Book of Documents, circa 4^th – 3^rd century BCE
  Tóng yín xié gōng hé zhōng zāi! [Pinyin]
  When (sovereign and ministers show) a common reverence and united respect for these, lo! the moral nature (of the people) is made harmonious.
third of twelve earthly branches (十二支)
tiger (虎) of Chinese zodiac

Coordinate terms

(Chinese earthly branches) 地支 (dìzhī); 子, 丑 (chǒu), 寅 (yín), 卯 (mǎo), 辰 (chén), 巳 (sì), 午 (wǔ), 未 (wèi), 申 (shēn), 酉 (yǒu), 戌, 亥 (hài) ^{(Category: zh:Chinese earthly branches)}

Compounds

同寅 (tóngyín)
唐寅
寅吃卯糧 / 寅吃卯粮 (yínchīmǎoliáng)
寅憂夕惕 / 寅忧夕惕
寅支卯糧 / 寅支卯粮
寅時 / 寅时 (yínshí)
寅月 (Yínyuè)
寅清
寅畏 (yínwèi)
寅臺 / 寅台
寅誼 / 寅谊
寅賓 / 寅宾
建寅
陳寅恪 / 陈寅恪

References

“寅”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
“寅”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwanese Taigi] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2025.

Kanji

See also:

Category:Japanese terms spelled with 寅

寅

(Jinmeiyō kanji)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

Go-on: いん (in)
Kan-on: いん (in)
Kun: とら (tora, 寅)
Nanori: とも (tomo)、のぶ (nobu)

Etymology 1

More information Kanji in this term ...

Kanji in this term
寅
とら Jinmeiyō
kun'yomi

Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:

寅

Wikipedia ^ja

From 虎 (tora, “tiger”).

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) とら [tòrá] (Heiban – [0])
IPA^(key): [to̞ɾa̠]

Homophone: 虎

Proper noun

寅(とら) • (Tora)

the Tiger, the third of the twelve Earthly Branches
Hypernyms: 十二支, 地支

Coordinate terms: 子, 丑, 寅, 卯, 辰, 巳, 午, 未, 申, 酉, 戌, 亥

Etymology 2

More information Kanji in this term ...

Kanji in this term
寅
いん Jinmeiyō
on'yomi

From Middle Chinese 寅 (yin).

Proper noun

寅(いん) • (In)

the Tiger, the third of the twelve Earthly Branches
Hypernyms: 十二支, 地支

Coordinate terms: 子, 丑, 寅, 卯, 辰, 巳, 午, 未, 申, 酉, 戌, 亥

寅

Translingual

Han character

References

Chinese

Glyph origin

Etymology

Pronunciation

Definitions

Coordinate terms

Compounds

References

Japanese

Kanji

Readings

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

Proper noun

Etymology 2

Proper noun

Korean

Hanja

Vietnamese

Han character

Compounds

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