ց-

Etymology

From Old Armenian ց- (cʻ-).

Pronunciation

• (Eastern Armenian) IPA^(key): /t͡sʰ/, [t͡sʰ]
• (Western Armenian) IPA^(key): /t͡s/, [t͡sʰ]

Prefix

ց- • (cʻ-)

1. till, until, up to

   ‎ց- (cʻ-) + ‎տեսություն (tesutʻyun, “seeing”) → ‎ցտեսություն (cʻtesutʻyun, “till seeing, good bye”)

Etymology

According to Ačaṙean, perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *h₂d-sḱ-, grown from the zero-grade of *h₂éd (“near, at”). This is accepted by J̌ahukyan.

Preposition

ց- • (cʻ-)

1. (with accusative) till, until, up to

   ցայսօր ― cʻaysōr ― until today

   ցերեկ ― cʻerek ― daytime, the period till evening

   մինչեւ ցայժմ ― minčʻew cʻayžm ― until now

   մինչեւ ցե՞րբ ― minčʻew cʻe^?rb ― to or till when?

   մինչեւ ցօրս ցայս ― minčʻew cʻōrs cʻays ― up to this day

   ցայդ վայր եկեսցես ― cʻayd vayr ekescʻes ― hither shalt thou come, come thus far!

   ցմեծ ժամս ― cʻmec žams ― for long time

   կասկածեմ ցառաւօտն, եւ հասեալ յառաւօտն՝ երկնչիմ ցերեկոյն ― kaskacem cʻaṙawōtn, ew haseal yaṙawōtn, erknčʻim cʻerekoyn ― suspicions assail me till morning light, from break of day fear torments me till evening

2. (with accusative) sometimes used in a dative sense

   ասէ ցնա ― asē cʻna ― says to him

   ասէ ցՏէր ― asē cʻTēr ― he says to the Lord

References

• Abrahamyan, Ašot (1976) Grabari jeṙnark [A Handbook of Old Armenian]‎ (in Armenian), 4th edition, Yerevan: Luys
• Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1971–1979) “ց”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, Yerevan: University Press
• J̌ahukyan, Geworg (1987) Hayocʻ lezvi patmutʻyun; naxagrayin žamanakašrǰan [History of the Armenian language: The Pre-Literary Period]‎ (in Armenian), Yerevan: Academy Press, page 111
• Petrosean, Matatʻeay (1879) “ց”, in Nor Baṙagirkʻ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy