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    Global Public Health: Click To Edit Master Title Style

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    Dono Widiatmoko
    The document discusses several global challenges that will impact humanity over the next 50 years, including population growth, environmental degradation, health issues, gender inequality, conflicts and more. It notes that the world population will reach over 7 billion people with rising demands for resources, examines issues like climate change, water scarcity, pollution and their effects. Health challenges covered include leading causes of death globally and burdens of disease, as well as maternal mortality and lack of access to healthcare.

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    Global Public Health: Click To Edit Master Title Style

    Uploaded by

    Dono Widiatmoko
    104 views77 pages
    The document discusses several global challenges that will impact humanity over the next 50 years, including population growth, environmental degradation, health issues, gender inequality, conflicts and more. It notes that the world population will reach over 7 billion people with rising demands for resources, examines issues like climate change, water scarcity, pollution and their effects. Health challenges covered include leading causes of death globally and burdens of disease, as well as maternal mortality and lack of access to healthcare.

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    Original Title

    Kuliah Umum

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    The document discusses several global challenges that will impact humanity over the next 50 years, including population growth, environmental degradation, health issues, gender inequality, conflicts and more. It notes that the world population will reach over 7 billion people with rising demands for resources, examines issues like climate change, water scarcity, pollution and their effects. Health challenges covered include leading causes of death globally and burdens of disease, as well as maternal mortality and lack of access to healthcare.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    104 views77 pages

    Global Public Health: Click To Edit Master Title Style

    Uploaded by

    Dono Widiatmoko
    The document discusses several global challenges that will impact humanity over the next 50 years, including population growth, environmental degradation, health issues, gender inequality, conflicts and more. It notes that the world population will reach over 7 billion people with rising demands for resources, examines issues like climate change, water scarcity, pollution and their effects. Health challenges covered include leading causes of death globally and burdens of disease, as well as maternal mortality and lack of access to healthcare.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 77

    Click to edit Master title Global Public style

    Click to edit Master text styles


    Second level
    Fourth level
    Fifth level

    Health

    Third level The global challenges Click to edit Master subtitle style

    Dono Widiatmoko

    4/17/12

    Population Density

    Population distribution

    Apa tantangan terbesar yang akan dialami umat manusia dalam 50 tahun ke depan?
    Click to edit Master subtitle style 4/17/12

    http://www.worldometers.info

    Click to edit Master subtitle style

    4/17/12

    What would these 7 billion people need?

    The world of Nations

    Worlds most populous nation

    Changes in population distribution, 2003

    Ageing Scottish Population Structure

    The Health and Well-Being of Older People in Scotland, 2000

    With income disparities

    Blue: High income Green: Upper-middle income Purplle: Lower-middle income Red: Low income

    Population Adjusted World (2002)

    2002

    Worlds Wealth Map (GDP, 2002)

    Absolute Poverty (<$2/day,


    2002)

    Leading Causes of Mortality and Burden of Disease, 2004 Mortality


    %
    1.

    DALYs
    %
    1.

    Ischaemic heart disease 12.2 Cerebrovascular disease 9.7 Lower respiratory infections 7.1 COPD 5.1 Diarrhoeal diseases 3.7 HIV/AIDS 3.5 4/17/12 Tuberculosis

    Lower respiratory infections 6.2 Diarrhoeal diseases 4.8 Depression 4.3 Ischaemic heart disease 4.1 HIV/AIDS 3.8 Cerebrovascular disease 3.1 Prematurity, low birth Disease WHO Global Burden of weight 2004

    2.

    2.

    3.

    3.

    4.

    4.

    5.

    5.

    6.

    6.

    7.

    7.

    Distribution of deaths by leading cause groups, males and females, world, 2004

    Per cent distribution of age at death by region, 2004

    Distribution of age at death and numbers of deaths, 2004

    Environmental Challenges

    Aral Sea, 1985

    Aral Sea, 2009

    4/17/12

    Have our earth temperature change? http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-south-asia-15216875

    IPCC, 2010

    Global Changes by 2090 Medium emission scenario

    Water supply

    Heavy reliance on water supply (Ganges in India, Yangtze in China) Changes in water supply due to human use Deforestation, agriculture use Changes in water borne and vector Borne diseases

    Martens, 1999

    Ozone depletion

    Skin Carninoma

    Impact of photosynthesis on land and sea Loss of biodiversity Land degradation


    Altered Food production Food intake problem

    Human Waste
    Household Sewage

    Daily water consumption


    Direct Water Use: Drinking, Washing, Cleaning

    150 litres 4,645 litres


    (62% from overseas)
    Orr and Chapagain, 2008

    Indirect Water Use: Water used to produce goods for UK Consumptions

    Food 1300 kg of grains (wheat, oats, barley, corn, dry peas, soybean, etc) 7200 kg of roughages (pasture, dry hay, silage, etc) Water 24000 litres for drinking 7000 litres for servicing.
    4/17/12
    [Hoekstra & Chapagain, 2008]

    4/17/12

    4/17/12

    [Hoekstra & Chapagain, 2008]

    Source: North American Export Grain Association, 2007

    Muhammad, A et al. (2011) International evidence on food consumptions patterns

    Industry

    C h e r n o b y l 1 9 8 6

    Large Scale Pollution

    Hungary Toxic Floods, 2010

    4/17/12

    Devecser, Hungary, Oct. 5, 2010

    Gender and gender equity


    Gender

    socially defined roles and responsibilities of men and women, boys and girls
    Gender equality

    equal treatment of women and men


    Gender equity

    fairness and justice in the distribution of benefits and responsibilities between women and men

    4/17/12

    Maternal Mortality ratio per 100.000 live births, 2008

    Every Minute...
    380 women become pregnant 190 women face unplanned or unwanted pregnancy 110 women experience a pregnancy related complication 40 women have an unsafe abortion 1 woman dies from a pregnancy-related complication

    Causes of Maternal Mortality

    Maternal Health Services


    Good quality maternal health services are not universally available and accessible

    > 35% receive no antenatal care ~ 50% of deliveries unattended by skilled provider ~ 70% receive no postpartum care during 1st 6 weeks following delivery

    The higher the proportion of deliveries attended by skilled attendant in a country, the lower the countrys maternal mortality ratio
    Maternal deaths per 1000000 live births 4/17/12

    % skilled attendant at delivery

    4/17/12

    Sexually transmitted infections (STIs)


    Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are spread primarily through sexual contact and are among the most common diseases in the world. STIs can cause physical discomfort, infertility, and sometimes if left untreated death. For women, they may also lead to chronic abdominal pain and ectopic pregnancy. Some STIs can increase a persons susceptibility to HIV infection.

    4/17/12

    The scale of AIDS


    Since the AIDS epidemic began, 13.2 million children 95% of them in Africa lost their mother or both parents to AIDS. In sub-Saharan Africa in 1999, an estimated 860,000 school children lost their teacher to AIDS. In recent years, HIV-positive patients have occupied half the beds in big city hospitals in countries such as Burundi, Kenya and Thailand.

    4/17/12

    4/17/12

    Unwanted pregnancy
    An unwanted pregnancy is a pregnancy that a woman or girl decides, of her own free will, is undesired. Nearly 40% of the nearly 182 million pregnancies each year in the developing world are unwanted or ill-timed. 46 million unwanted pregnancies end in abortion each year, 20 million of which are unsafe. (FCI)
    4/17/12

    Unwanted pregnancy

    4/17/12

    Singh et all,. 2010

    Deaths from unsafe abortion (per year)


    38,500
    40, 00 0 35, 00 0 30, 00 0 25, 00 0 20, 00 0 15, 00 0 10, 00 0 5, 0 0 0 0 Af ri c A s i Latin America & Caribbean Eur op e

    34,000

    Unsafe abortion: Global and Regional Estimates of incidence of and Mortality World Health Organization

    5,000 500

    Konflik

    UNEPGRIDA

    4/17/12

    4/17/12

    Worldwide refugees (2009)


    Ranks Populations
    1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Afghans Palestinians Myanmarese Somalis Congolese Burundians Eritreans Sudanese Sri Lankans Bhutanese

    Refugees (in 000)


    2,883 2,643 683 460 313 241 208 145 120 101

    Ranks Populations
    11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 Sahrawi Filipinos Liberians Iraqis Georgians Mauritanians Angolans Tibetans Rwandans Ethiopians

    Refugees (in 000)


    90 72 71 58 40 32 27 20 17 10

    4/17/12

    World Refugee Survey 2009

    United Nations

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