Sci82ndqtr 210310051137

OTHER MEMBERS OF
THE SOLAR SYSTEM

COMETS
 Dirty Snowballs
 Water, dust, carbon dioxide,
ice, ammonia, methane and
more
COMETS
 Orbit the sun
 Can lead to meteor showers on
Earth
 Usually visible only at sunrise or
sunset
COMETS
 We can see a number of comets with the
naked eye when they pass close to the sun
because their comas and tails reflect sunlight
or even glow because of energy they absorb
from the sun.
 However, most comets are too small or too
faint to be seen without a telescope.
HEAD AND COMA
 Nucleus
 As a comet gets closer to the sun,
the ice on the surface of the nucleus
begins turning into gas, forming a
cloud known as the coma.
WHY DOES THE COMA APPEARS
BRIGHT?
 Reflection of the sunlight

 Emission of electromagnetic
radiation
THE TAIL
 Can be 150 million
kilometers in length
 Emitted from the nucleus
 Gas and dust
THE TAIL
 Gas tail
 Composed of ion blown out away from the sun
 Bluer, narrow and straight
 Solar wind
 Dust tail
 Dust particles
 Whiter, diffuse and curved
 Liberated from the nucleus
THE TAIL
 Radiation from the sun pushes dust
particles away from the coma, forming a
dust tail
 Charged particles from the sun convert
some of the comet's gases into ions,
forming an ion tail
 Comet tails always point away from the
sun
Kuiper Belt
• is believe to be the origin of
short period comets. The orbit
from in this region are found
orbiting the Sun from beyond
Neptune and Pluto
Oort Cloud
• is the theoritical gatherings of rocks in
spherical motion at the outer edge of
solar system.
• In this region long period comet form
CLASSIFICATION OF
COMETS
SHORT PERIOD COMET and

LONG PERIOD COMET
SHORT PERIOD COMET
 Mildly elliptical orbits
 Cannot be seen by the naked eye
 Those with the orbital period of less
than 200 years
LONG PERIOD COMET
 Can be seen by the naked eye
 Orbits are more elongated
 Extended beyond Jupiter’s orbit
 those with orbital period more than 200
years
ASTEROID
 Minor planet or planetoids because they
are more like planets and moon
 Are rocky celestial bodies with elliptical
orbits around the Sun.
 Made up of small chunks of irregularly
shaped rocks and iron.
Classification:
• Ceres- The largest one with the diameter of 940km
• Pallas- Secondto the largest, with the diameter of 540
km
• Vesta- is next to pallas with the diameter of 510-km
• Ida- is about 58-km
• 1991 BA- is one of the smallest asteroids, measuring
less than 1 km
Based on Color and composition:
• C-type Asteroids-(carbonaceous asteroids)
- are grayish in color and the most common. 75% asteroid
fall in this category
• S-type asteroids- (silicon asteroids)
- madeup of Iron and magnesium silicate.
M-type asteroids-(metallic asteroids)
- it is rich in metallic substance suchas nickel and iron
Based on their position:
• Aten asteroids- lie outside the asteroid belt,near the orbit

of Mars.
• Apollo asteroids- lie near the Earth which sometimes
cross Earth’s orbit.
• Trojan asteroids- known to dwell along Jupiter orbit path
and lie within the asteroid belt.
BEGINNING OF ASTEROIDS
They might have formed

from the breakup of the
planet that once occupied an
orbit.
BEGINNING OF ASTEROIDS
Several larger bodies once

coexisted in close proximity
and their collisions produced
numerous smaller ones.
Asteroid Belt
• These are the 750,000 asteroids
found between the 350million of
space between Mars and Jupiter
The other member of the
Solar System
3.METEOR
METEOROIDS
 Rocky‐metallic objects less than 100
meters
 Smaller bodies in between the planets
 Several hundred tons of meteoroids
enter the Earth’s atmosphere each day
METEOROIDS
 While heated to incandescence by
atmospheric friction during their passage
through the atmosphere, they are
termed meteors.
 A fragment that survives to hit the ground
is known as a meteorite.
CLASSES OF METEORITES
 Chondrite
 Iron meteorite
 Carbonaceous chondrite
 Chondrite
 Stony
meteorites
 Iron
Meteorites
 Iron and
nickel
 Carbonaceous
chondrites
 Organic
compounds
ANTARCTIC METEORITES
 Finds- discovered by
accident
 Falls- seen falling from the
sky
TWO TYPES OF METEORS
Sporadic
 orbital paths intersect that of Earth in
random directions
Meteor Shower
 the remains of old comets that have left lots
of small particles and dust in a common
orbit
METEORS
Meteor craters
 Barringer Meteor Crater in Northern
Arizona
 25, 000 years old
 4, 200 feet in diameter
 Depth of 6,000 feet
Barringer Meteor Crater in
Northern Arizona
METEOR SHOWER
METEORS AND COMET
Meteor Shower peak dates based on local times in
Davao.
17–18 Nov 2024
Activity:
Answer: FOCUS
pp. 14

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OTHER MEMBERS OF

THE SOLAR SYSTEM

 Reflection of the sunlight

SHORT PERIOD COMET and

• Aten asteroids- lie outside the asteroid belt,near the orbit

They might have formed

Several larger bodies once

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