Exotic Crops
Exotic Crops
Exotic Crops
Presented
by
Dr. B. N. S. Murthy
Ex- Horticulture Commissioner, GOI, New Delhi
&
Ex. Director, ICAR-IIHR
Bengaluru
Email : bns.murthy@yahoo.com
Diminishing diversity
Globally, 80% of our plant-based calorie intake comes from Ethnobotanical studies -
just 12 domesticated plant species: 8 cereals and 4 tubers. more than 7000 species
have been used by
50% of our plant-based calorie intake comes from wheat, humans as food in
rice and maize prehistoric times
CROP DIVERSIFICATION
• The cropping pattern and other related changes required in agricultural production
system in order to meet market challenges -CROP DIVERSIFICATION
• Diversification into horticultural crops -an avenue to poverty alleviation
• The production of fruit and vegetables has a comparative advantage
• Under conditions where arable land is scarce
• Markets accessible due to positive relation between income and employment
• Gross returns per unit of area are much higher than for most of the other crop groups.
• Diversified cropping patterns have been an insurance in dry and drought prone
regions where weather vagaries and other uncertainties are translated to painful
income instability.
• Smallholder farmers are receiving incomes that have not existed previously
• Now we want to talk Diversification within Horticultural Crops
Horticulture Tables the Complete Basket
Strategy:
• Increase in production:
• Increase of area – from 10 Lakh hectare to 12 Lakh hectare in next two years
• Productivity to be increased from 850Kg/hectare to 1 tonne/hectare
• Removal of senile plantations and replanting with HYV
• Intensive technology transfer
• Agriculture Infrastructure Fund utilization for modernizing cashew processing and adoption of end to end holistic
approach.
• The cashew imported in raw form is processed and is partly exported.
• There is 2.4 million tonne of processing capacity.
• Import related to export of processed cashew nut may be encouraged with tariff concessions.
Globally important exotic fruit crops
1. Avocado
2. Blue berry
3. Dragon fruit
4. Fig
5. Kiwi
6. Mangosteen
7. Persimmon
8. Passion fruit
9. Rambutan
10. Strawberry
Locally produced fruits with high nutritional value
or other potential
1. Mango-Ratual
2. Papaya- Coorg Honey Dew
3. Phalsa- Kanpur
4. Pumelo-Devanahalli
5. Guava- Alahabad apple
6. Jackfruit- Redbulb
7. Custard Apple-Balanagar
8. Sapota-Kalipatti
9. Citrus- Medica
10. Bael-Faizabad
11. Tamarind
12. Aonla
Technology
Quality plant material
ARC- Potato
Microgreens are young and tender leafy greens of most vegetables, grains, herbs and flowers that
are harvested when their first leaves appear.
Diversification with flower crops: Efficient flower production systems
State Districts Existing production systems
Assam Kamrup Morigaon, Nagaon and Marigold, Gladioli, Tuberose, Gerbera and orchids,
Tinsukia & Cachar Anthurium and foliage
Maharashtra Pune, Nasik Kolhapur and Sangli Rose, Marigold, chrysanthemum
districts
Rajasthan Ajmer BundiChittor Jaipur, Marigold, chrysanthemum (Winter), tuberose, Jasmine,
Jodhpur, Kota, Nagaur,Pali Nerium, Crossandra and Gaillardia Cut flowers (Rose, Cut
Udaipur chrysanthemums, gerbera, carnation, orchids and
anthuriums under protected cultivation)
Karnataka Dakshina Kannada, Uttara Kannada, Chikmagalur, Kodagu, Tumkuru, Shimoga, Chitradurga
Davangere Udupi
Kerala Kasaragod, Kannur Alappuzha, Kozhikode, Mallapuram, Palakkad Thrissur, Waynad,
• While promoting black pepper, zones that are from non –traditional areas can be focused for
yield by introducing high yielding varieties with high quality attributes can be promoted
though organic production practices.
• In traditional pepper zones like Karnataka and Kerala High yielding varieties need to be
adopted for tapping the higher yield on sustainable practices.
• In zones like Sirsi, Karnataka and Idukki, Kerala where mixed varieties are popular,
promotional programmes for quality based product can be implemented targeting the demand.
Turmeric
Most Efficient Cropping zone Efficient Cropping Zone Efficient production systems
Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Crop rotation with vegetables
Manipur, Meghalaya, Tamil Mizoram, Uttarakhand and and pulses, intercropping in
Nadu, Telangana, Tripura and West Bengal coconut, vegetable and fruit
Andaman & Nicobar Islands cropping systems or mono
cropping system
• In zones like NE states and Odisha, quality of the product may be given priority and organic
production programmes may be promoted.
• In high yielding traditional belts like AP, Telengana, TN and Bihar varieties with high yield
and quality may be concentrated with high input technologies to reap the trade benefits.
Small cardamom