11-Basic Approaches To Leadership
11-Basic Approaches To Leadership
11-Basic Approaches To Leadership
Position Power
Influence derived from one’s formal structural
position in the organization; includes power to hire,
fire, discipline, promote, and give salary increases.
(Strong or Weak)
Conti…
◼ Fiedler states the better the leader-member
relations, the more highly structured the job, and
the stronger the position power, the more control
the leader has .
◼ Fiedler concluded that task oriented leaders tend to
perform better in situation that were very favorable
to them and in situations that were very
unfavorable . So Fiedler would predict that when
faced with a category I, II, III, VII,VIII situation, task-
oriented leaders perform better. Relationship-
oriented leaders, however , perform better in
moderately favorable situations-categories IV
through VI.
Fiedler’s findings
◼ Deterrence-based Trust
❖Trust based on fear of reprisal if the trust is
violated.
❖This trust will work only to the degree that
punishment is possible, consequences are clear,
and the punishment is actually imposed if trust
is violated . Ex: selling a car to a friend of a
friend by hiding information.
Conti…
◼ Knowledge-based Trust
❖Trust based on behavioral predictability that
comes from a history of interaction.
❖The better you know someone the more
accurately you can predict what she/he can do.
❖Both parties have enough experience working
with each other that they know what to expect .
In organizational context , the most manager-
employee relationships are knowledge-based .
Both parties have enough experience working
with each other that they know what to expect.
Conti……….
Identification-based Trust
❖Trust based on a mutual understanding of each
other’s intentions and appreciation of the other’s
wants and desires.
Ex : A long term happily married couple
Ex : This type of trust managers ideally seek in a
team where members are so comfortable and
trusting of each other that they anticipate each
other and act freely in each other's absence.
Meaning of Charisma
Transformational Leaders
Leaders who provide individualized consideration and
intellectual stimulation, and who possess charisma.
Contemporary Leadership Roles:
◼ Mentor
⮚ A senior employee who sponsors and supports a less-
experienced employee (a protégé).
⮚ The mentoring role includes coaching , counseling,
and sponsorship.
⮚ As a coach , mentors help to develop their proteges
skills.
⮚ As counselors, mentors provide support and help
bolster proteges’ self-confidence.
Conti…
◼Selection
⮚ Personality tests can be used to look for traits
associated with leadership-extroversion,
conscientiousness, and openness to
experience candidates with a high EI.
◼Training
⮚ Leadership training of any kind is likely to be
more successful with individuals who are high
self-monitors than with low self-monitors.
⮚ We also can teach skills such as trust-building
and mentoring. And leaders can be taught
situational –analysis skills.
⮚ Charles Schwab, eBay, Pfizer, Unilever, and
American Express have hired executive
coaches to provide specific one-on-one
training for their company’s top executives to
help them improve their interpersonal skills
and to learn to act less autocratically.
Thank you