SUMMER TRAINING REPORT ON

BUILDING CONSTRUCTION

CONSTRUCTION DIVISION- NEW DELHI

SUBMITTED FOR THE PARTIAL FULFILMENT

FOR THE AWARD OF DEGREE

BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY- CIVIL

ENGINEERING
•S U B M I T T E D TO SUBMITTED BY
•M R . PA N K A J S H A R M A A N S H U L N AWA R I A
•A S S I S TA N T PROFESSOR B-TECH. CIVIL
ENGINEERING
•C I V I L ENGINEERING A20415819005
D E PA R T M E N T
 • I hereby declare that the work, which is
CANDIDATE’S being presented in the summer training
report, entitled “BUILDING
DECLARATION CONSTRUCTION” in partial
fulfillment for the award of Degree of
“Bachelor of Technology” in
Department of CIVIL ENGINEERING,
and submitted to the Department of
Civil Engineering, Amity School of
Engineering & Technology, Amity
University Rajasthan. This is a record of
my own training preparing under the
guidance of Mr. Sumit Sharma, site
engineer.
CERTIFICATE
 ABOUT THE CLIENT

• NBCC (India) Limited, formerly known as National Buildings

Construction Corporation Limited, is a Government of India Navratna
Enterprise. With operations spreading across India & Overseas, the
Company is organized into three market focused segments :
PMC (Project Management Consultancy),
EPC (Engineering Procurement & Construction)
Real Estate
 ABOUT THE CONTRACTOR

• NKG infrastructures limited Is a company with an annual turnover OF

Rs. 1800 crores. Head quartered at New Delhi. They have offices spread
across 17 states all over the country. Our technical expertise and
execution capabilities have been well recognised by the government
bodies, global institutions and leading infrastructure development
authorities of India.
 ABOUT THE COMPANY

• Continually innovate, develop and adopt state-of-the-art technologies,

methodologies and materials to deliver customer satisfaction through better,
faster and cheaper construction services
• Continually aspire to deliver higher standards of safety, occupational health
and environment protection at work
• Organize work for effectiveness in delivering results and always look to
commit today’s resources to the future
INTRODUCTION TO
PROJECT
• Redevelopment of GPRA
Colony at Netaji Nagar,
New Delhi–SH:
Construction of General
Pool Office
Accommodation (GPOA),
• SARTAC Office & Hostel
including allied works on
EPC basis including
Operation & Maintenance
(PKG- II)
 TYPES OF BUILDING
The government has categorized various types of
buildings on the basis of different criteria
depending on their usage, design and height, safety
standards and other features as follows.

Types of buildings:
Residential Buildings Educational Buildings
Institutional Buildings Assembly Buildings
Business Buildings Mercantile Building
Storage Building High Rise Building
 DESCRIPTION OF PROJECT
AREA IN SQM
SR. STRUCTURE TOWERS
NO. /UNITS Configuration
Super Basement Plot Area
Structure

1 OFFICE BLOCKS 3 3B+G+8 227353 137700 67384

2 SARTAC Office 1 2B+G+5
11714 8146 6200
3 SARTAC Hostel 104 2B+G+8

SUB TOTAL 232837 145846 73584

4 Sub Station 1 G 1000 - 1850

Bldg. (1 Nos.)

SUB TOTAL 1000 - 1850

GRAND TOTAL 233837 145846 75434

5 1 No. Foot over Bridge 1993 SQM appx. plan area

 DESIGN APPROACH
The main considerations for the design
of structure should be follows:-

• Structure safety and stability.

• To meet the demands of aesthetics
conceived by the architect.
• Availability of material, equipment
and expertise.
• Constructability and ease of
maintenance.
• Durability.
FOUNDATION SYSTEM
Tower Area & Non Tower Area/Low Rise
Tower:-
Considering good bearing capacity, Raft, Isolated
foundation / combined foundation may be
proposed below the tower area and Isolated
foundation / combined foundation in non-tower
area.
The allowable bearing pressure is given
corresponding to various foundation widths at a
various depth below NGL in the soil report.
The contractor shall carry out extensive soil
investigation before the final detailed design, as
required.
 DIAPHRAGM WALL
 Demarcation of the diaphragm wall layout shall
be marked on ground by pegs or by points.
 First of all RCC guide wall having 1.50 meter
height and 15cm thick placed at both ends of
Diaphragm wall and extending to full length of
diaphragm wall is constructed.
 The excavation for the diaphragm wall shall be
carried out in alternate panels of 4m to 5m sizes.
 The excavation is done using clamshell or crab
suspended by cables.
 In case of encountering boulders, gravity hammer
(chisel) is used to break the rock/boulder.
 The earth and split boulders are taken out using grab.
 At the ends of proposed width of wall panel, MS pipes
of width of wall are inserted.
EXCAVATION WORK AND
ANCHORING
 After completion of diaphragm wall, excavation shall be started
in three levels.
 Soil anchors shall be driven into the soil, same shall also be
provided along with water beam, thereafter excavation of level 2
shall be started.
 Anchoring and waller beam work of level 2 shall be completed.
Thereafter excavation of level 3 shall be completed and
anchoring/ waller beam of level 3 shall be completed.
 Support the diaphragm walls, these shall also
be cross supported by temporary steel girders
and columns as per design submission/
approval.
 Machinery: JCB / Excavator, Dumper /
Tractor, Plate Compactor / Vibro-Roller,
Proctor test equipment, Core Cutter,
Weighing Balance, Rapid Moisture Meter.
PLAIN CEMENT
CONCRETE
• The amalgamation of cement, fine
aggregate, and coarse aggregate are known
as plain cement concrete (PCC).
• Before beginning R.C.C. or masonry PCC
is done to form an even surface and to
avoid mixing with the soil and to avoid soil
extracting water PCC is used.
MATERIALS USED IN PCC
• Cement:
Generally, Portland Pozzolanic cement is used for plain cement concrete.
• Sand:
Clean, well-graded, hard, strong, durable quality sand should be used for
PCC.
• Aggregate:
Aggregate should be made up of inert material. It should be non-absorbent and
capable of creating bonds with mortar.
• Coarse aggregate:
Coarse aggregate should be free from adhering coat, clay lump, coal residue,
clinkers, slag, alkali, mica, and organic matter.
The size of the aggregate should vary from 0-12 mm to 40 mm based on what
should be used.
Coarse aggregate should be free of dust or foreign matter.
• Water:
Water should be clean and alkaline-free. Drinking water is preferable for PCC.
• Mixing:
Mixing can be done on a masonry platform or iron sheet tray.
REINFORCED CEMENT CONCRETE
• R.C.C. is the combination of ordinary concrete with the
reinforcement to increase its compressive and tensile strength to
a great extent.
• Mild Steel Bars:
• These come in various diameters and are required to possess a
characteristic strength in tension which is specified in relevant
codes.
• This steel bar used as reinforcement can be commonly bent easily
without cracking at the bends.
PLACEMENT OF REINFORCEMENT

It requires very complex and careful design considerations for each

member of reinforcement concrete.
• Thus, the size, shape, spacing, and location of reinforcement will
be entirely different in a slab or beam or a column.
• In beams, for example, steel bars may be required more in the
lower sections and in fixed beams, in the end, sections as well
where the tensile stresses are most effective.
• The top section of the beam may need no reinforcement.
• The horizontal reinforcements are often tied up with square stirrups
at suitable intervals.
• These stirrups also provide additional strength to the Reinforced
Cement Concrete against shearing stresses.
• The reinforcement requires the minimum prescribed covering of
concrete.
• The covering is essential to protect the reinforcement from
deterioration under attack from weathering agencies and also from
casual fires.
• The concrete covering varies from 25 mm to 80 mm depending on
the environment in which the RCC member has been placed.
• It is also important that the reinforcement must be clear of rust,
dust, and grease at the time of placement.
• This will ensure a better bond between concrete and
reinforcement.
• Advantages of Reinforced
Concrete (RCC)
(i) Structures made from Reinforced Concrete are durable.
(ii) It has a high compressive strength (due to concrete).
(iii) It has a high tensile strength (due to reinforcement).
(iv) It is resistant to fire and other climate changes.
(v) Easily available almost anywhere in the world.
(vi) Too much expertise is not required for working on it, normal
skilled labor can also do it.
(vii) It can be molded in any form, shape.
(viii) It can be used in any part of the structure i.e., from foundation
to the top roofing.
(ix) Repairing cost is almost nil.
(x) It is more economical compared to other materials.
 COLUMNS

• Columns act as a structural element that

transfers loads from the slab, (i.e., roof, upper
floor) to the foundation and finally to the soil
beneath a structure.
• They are typically vertically oriented.
• In construction, columns are used in trusses,
building frames, and structure support for
bridges.
 TYPES OF COLUMNS
• BASED ON TYPE OF REINFORCEMENT
Tied column Spiral column
Composite column Axially loaded column
Column with uniaxial eccentric loading Column with biaxial eccentric loading
Short column Long column
Square or rectangular column Circular column
L- shape column T-shape column
Shape of steel column Shape of composite column
 CUTTING LENGTH OF RECTANGULAR
STIRRUP
• Let the column size be 230mm X 450mm.
• Adopting diameter of bar used for stirrup
is 8mm.
• Deducting the concrete cover 20mm from
all sides
X= 230-20-20= 190mm
Y= 450-20-20= 410mm
• Total length of the hooks:
There are two hooks; 9d+9d= 18d
• Total Length of Bends:
There are 3 bends which are bent at an
angle of 900 and two bends are bent
at an angle of 1350
Total bend length = 3 x 900 Bend
length + 2 x 1350 Bend length = 3 x 2d
+ 2 x 3d = 12d = 12 x 8 = 96mm
• Total Cutting length of Rectangular
Stirrup = Perimeter of Rectangle +
Total Hook length – Total Bend Length
• = 2 (x+y) +18d – 12d = 2(190 + 410) +
18 x 8 – 12 x 8 = 1248mm = 1.248m
SAFETY
MEASURES
 MY LEARNINGS AND OBJECTIVES
 Introduction with the assistant engineer Mr. Sumit Sharma. He told me about
our work site.
 This was a commercial building under central vista project, Delhi.
 Training is assigned at Netaji Nagar, new Delhi.
 Introduction to the site and working hours.
 Blue print plan and elevation were given to me.
 Introduction with the assistant executive engineer Mohammad Usama, htcl.
 By the joining date, partial work of D-wall was completed, and roofing of
block-III was also completed.
THANKYOU