REPORT OF STUDENTS INDUSTRIAL WORK

EXPERIENCE SCHEME (SIWES)

BY:

ALEXANDER, UNWANA MICHAEL

18/BM/PHS/530
DEPARTMENT OF MEDICAL PHYSIOLOGY
AT
 
PREMIER MEDICAL SERVICES,
NO.3 HIGH TENSION LINE, EDET AKPAN AVENUE, UYO, AKWA IBOM
STATE

FROM - DECEMBER 2021 TO MAY 2022

UNIVERSITY OF UYO, UYO NOVEMBER ,
2022
ABSTRACT
This is a comprehensive report on my SIWES program
at the Premier Medical Service, Uyo, Akwa Ibom State.
Premier Medical Service is a health institute mainly
focused on quality health care delivery, management of
patients and medical personnel in the health sector,
providing state of the art equipment such as
Electrocardiograph, dialysis machine, CT scan for
medical research and applications.

CRISIS MANAGEMENT I A CASE STUDY OF UYO CITY POLYTECHNIC AND THE HOST
The report covers the work done during my stay with the hospital
and the experience gained from the Radiology Unit, Antenatal
Unit, Out Patient Department (OPD) and the Health Maintenance
Organisation (HMO) unit. The major work presented in this report
includes: use of electrocardiogram (E.C.G) machine, Electro-
encephalograph (EEG), Computed Tomography (CT) Scan,
Mammography, X-radiation (X-ray), functions of HMO, inputting
records in antenatal register and registration of out-patients.

CRISIS MANAGEMENT I A CASE STUDY OF UYO CITY POLYTECHNIC AND THE HOST
CHAPTER ONE
Student Industrial Work Experience Scheme (SIWES)

Student Industrial Work Experience Scheme (SIWES)

was established in 1973/1974 session. Prior to the
establishment of the scheme, there was a growing
concern among our industrialists that graduates of our
institutions of higher learning lacked adequate practical
background studies preparatory for employment in the
industries. It is against the background that the rationale
for initiating and designing the scheme was hinged.
CRISIS MANAGEMENT I A CASE STUDY OF UYO CITY POLYTECHNIC AND THE HOST
Consequently, the scheme affords students the
opportunity of familiarizing and exposing themselves
to the needed experience in handling equipment and
machinery that are usually not available in their
institutions. The growing concern led to the formation
of Students Industrial Work Experience Scheme
(SIWES) by ITF in 1993/1994 (Information and
Guideline for SIWES 2002)
CRISIS MANAGEMENT I A CASE STUDY OF UYO CITY POLYTECHNIC AND THE HOST
SIWES in Nigeria is organized and coordinated by the
Industrial Training Fund (ITF) for a period of Three
(3) months to One year, depending on the Institution or
Faculty involved. ITF’s mandate is to promote and
encourage the acquisition of skills in Commerce and
Industry with the view of generating numerously
trained man power, which will gather basic practical
knowledge needed in the industrial world out there.
CRISIS MANAGEMENT I A CASE STUDY OF UYO CITY POLYTECHNIC AND THE HOST
Here in the College of science, University of Uyo, the
SIWES Program is expected to last a period of six (6)
months each at the end of second semester for
qualified candidates in third and fourth year classes as
a semester course, it is awarded six (6) credit units in
the Department of Medical Physiology.
It is from the foregoing that I hence present this report
a summary of my Work experience at the Premier
Medical Service, Uyo, the health institution in which I
gained Industrial Work Experience.
CRISIS MANAGEMENT I A CASE STUDY OF UYO CITY POLYTECHNIC AND THE HOST
1.1 Aims and Objectives of SIWES
Students Industrial Work Scheme aims at the following:
1. Provide an avenue for students in institutions of
higher learning to acquire industrial skills and
experience in their approved course of study.
2. Prepare students for the industrial work situation
which they are likely to meet after graduation.

CRISIS MANAGEMENT I A CASE STUDY OF UYO CITY POLYTECHNIC AND THE HOST
3. Expose students to work methods and techniques in
handling equipment and machinery in their institutions.
4. Provide students with an opportunity to apply their
knowledge in real work situation thereby bridging the
gap between theory and practical.

CRISIS MANAGEMENT I A CASE STUDY OF UYO CITY POLYTECHNIC AND THE HOST
5. Enlist and strengthen employer’s involvement in the
entire education process and prepare students for
employment in industry and commerce.
6. Make transition from the various institutions to the
world of work easier and thus, enhance students contact
for job placement.

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 1.2 SIWES IMPLEMENTATION
Various organs such as the Federal Government, the
Industrial Training Fund (ITF) in collaboration with
agencies such as the National Universities
Commission (NUC) Employers of labour and
institutions had roles assigned to them in the
management of SIWES for effective performance and
continued sustenance of the scheme.

CRISIS MANAGEMENT I A CASE STUDY OF UYO CITY POLYTECHNIC AND THE HOST
 1.3 IMPORTANCE OF SIWES
SIWES has a lot of importance amongst which are:
1.It exposes students to real life situation, thus supplementing the
theoretical lesson.
2.It helps to improve the quality of skilled manpower of the students.
3.It gives students practical knowledge of course of study.
4.It provides a forum for industries to evaluate prospective employers
and gives feedback to institutions.
5.It establishes a close collaboration between institutions and
industries, a factor which is essential for preparing student for the
workforce.
CRISIS MANAGEMENT I A CASE STUDY OF UYO CITY POLYTECHNIC AND THE HOST
CHAPTER TWO
2.0 BRIEF BACKGROUND OF PREMIER MEDICAL SERVICES
Premier Medical Services is a private Healthcare
Organization Incorporated on 28th June, 2005.
 
2.1 Location
Premier Medical Services is located in Akwa Ibom
State, at No.3 High Tension Line, Edet Akpan Avenue,
Uyo.

CRISIS MANAGEMENT I A CASE STUDY OF UYO CITY POLYTECHNIC AND THE HOST
2.2 Leadership
The hospital is headed by the Chief Medical Director (CMD),
Prof Udokang.

2.3 Premier medical services capacity

• Has bed space capacity
• Top Notch Equipment
• Incubator care facilities
• Laboratory
• Academic blocks accommodating consultant offices and ICT
offices.
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2.4 Department
•They are basically two major groups of department
that constitutes the main work force of the hospital
for service delivery. These are administrative
department and clinical department.
2.5 Vision of Premier Medical Services:
•To enrich lives through sound and dedicated medical
care by providing the environment for collaborates
work among medical experts and collages.
CRISIS MANAGEMENT I A CASE STUDY OF UYO CITY POLYTECHNIC AND THE HOST
2.6 Mission of PMS
•To provide modern integrated medical services
with patient centered approach aided by cutting
edge technologies.
2.7 Core values of PMS:
•Integrity: they stand by their word

CRISIS MANAGEMENT I A CASE STUDY OF UYO CITY POLYTECHNIC AND THE HOST
Innovation: strive for continuous development of
client’s value through meeting new needs.
Service Excellence: committed to ensuring that our
clients have an exceptional service experience with us.
Ethics: Ethical in all dealing with all stakeholders.
Medical information will be kept in confidence.
Reliability: You can always count on us. Our word is
our bond.

CRISIS MANAGEMENT I A CASE STUDY OF UYO CITY POLYTECHNIC AND THE HOST
Value: We will deliver an extra ordinary value
proposition to all our client. It will never make sense to
go elsewhere.
Enthusiasm: In doing all this, we will be enthusiastic,
imperative of your business because the client is the
only reason we exist.

CRISIS MANAGEMENT I A CASE STUDY OF UYO CITY POLYTECHNIC AND THE HOST
•2.8 Organizational structure of PMS
•The hospital is basically divided into finance, audit
security unit etc. with two directorates namely
directorate of clinical services and directorate of
administration with the chief medical director as the
superior head.
•I got my experience at the Health maintenance
organization unit (HMO), Radiology unit, Antenatal
unit, Outpatient department (OPD)

CRISIS MANAGEMENT I A CASE STUDY OF UYO CITY POLYTECHNIC AND THE HOST
•During my training, I was attached to various
department where I was involved personally in some
activities and gained useful experience. Though I was
not allowed access to operations in the radiology unit
due to the technical nature of the equipment used there.

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3.0 PERSONAL INVOLVEMENT IN OUT PATIENT
DEPARTMENT (RECORDS)
• Antenatal Care (ANC)
Antenatal care (ANC) is a term used to describe medical
care and procedures that are carried out to and for
pregnant women. It is the health care that is rendered to
the pregnant women throughout pregnancy until the child
birth and is aimed at detecting the already existing
problems and problems that can develop during
pregnancy, affecting the pregnant woman or her unborn
child.
CRISIS MANAGEMENT I A CASE STUDY OF UYO CITY POLYTECHNIC AND THE HOST
The care includes various screening tests, diagnostic
procedures, prophylactic treatments, some of which are
done routinely and others are provided to the women
based on identified problems and risk factors.
The purpose of ANC is to screen, diagnose and manage
or control the risk factors that might accursedly affect
the pregnant woman and the pregnancy outcome and
ensures that a women has a safe delivery.
CRISIS MANAGEMENT I A CASE STUDY OF UYO CITY POLYTECHNIC AND THE HOST
Parameters Recorded during Antenatal Check Up
I. Blood pressure: This a measurement of the force that
the heart uses to pump blood around the body. The
normal blood pressure in pregnant women should be
within the range of less than 120/80 mm Hg.
II. Pulse rate: This is the number of heart beats per
minute. Heart beats in pregnancy speeds up from a
normal pre-pregnancy rate of about 70 beats per
minutes to as high as 90 beats per minute.
CRISIS MANAGEMENT I A CASE STUDY OF UYO CITY POLYTECHNIC AND THE HOST
III. Weight: Every pregnant woman gains weight
differently so there are no official guidelines for
how much weight to gain. The most important
thing is to keep your weight gain to a safe and
healthy level for you and your baby.
IV. Body Mass Index (BMI): BMI is a measure that
uses height and weight to work out if your weight is
in a healthy range.
CRISIS MANAGEMENT I A CASE STUDY OF UYO CITY POLYTECHNIC AND THE HOST
•For pregnant women, BMI calculation will be based on weight
before pregnancy. Healthy BMI in a pregnant woman is 18.5 to
24.9.
•Temperature: Study found that body temperature peaks at 96-
99.5oF (35.5oC) around the 12th week of pregnancy. The
average body temperature reaches its lowest points of around
95.5-99.1oF (35.3-37.3oC) just after the 33rd week.
•After the above are checked and recorded, they meet with the
obstetrician.
CRISIS MANAGEMENT I A CASE STUDY OF UYO CITY POLYTECHNIC AND THE HOST
POST- NATAL ATTENDANCE RECORD:
•Post-natal care is a care given to the mother and her
newborn baby immediately after the birth of the placenta
and for the first 42 days of life.
•The focus for post-natal maternal care is on early
identification of the general danger signs through regular
checks on the mother’s temperature, pulse and blood
pressure, physical examinations for contraction of the
uterus, bleeding, and damage to the genital area, infection or
hypertensive disorders. Each patient’s details are recorded.

CRISIS MANAGEMENT I A CASE STUDY OF UYO CITY POLYTECHNIC AND THE HOST
IMMUNIZATION ATTENDANCE RECORDS:
•Immunization is a process by which a person becomes
protected against a disease through vaccination.
•Vaccination (Immunization) records provide a history of
all the vaccines you or your child received.
•On each immunization day, babies details are recorded,
their weights are checked and recorded, then nurses
immunize the babies.

CRISIS MANAGEMENT I A CASE STUDY OF UYO CITY POLYTECHNIC AND THE HOST
3.1 PERSONAL INVOLVEMENT IN HEALTH
MAINTENANCE ORGANISATION (H.M.O.) UNIT
H.M.O is a network or organization that provides health insurance
coverage for monthly or annual fee.
 
FUNCTIONS OF HEALTH MAINTENANCE ORGANISATION
• Health Maintenance Organization assures effective procession of
Claim: To ensure effective and efficient discharge of duties on the
part of the health maintenance organization, there must be an
assurance of effective processions of claim.

CRISIS MANAGEMENT I A CASE STUDY OF UYO CITY POLYTECHNIC AND THE HOST
• Health Maintenance Organization Collects and Submits
Data Forms: Encounter data forms are collected from
health care facilities by the health maintenance
organization.
• Health Maintenance Organization ensures timely
approval of referrals: HMO is to ensure that there is
timely approval of every referral, and they also have to
undertake the necessary follow up to make sure that the
referral is complete.
CRISIS MANAGEMENT I A CASE STUDY OF UYO CITY POLYTECHNIC AND THE HOST
• Health Maintenance Organization carries out
continuous sensitization: HMO ensures that they
continually carry out this sensitization of enrollees
regularly for the purpose of keeping the enrollees up to
date knowledge wise to carry out their responsibilities
effectively.

CRISIS MANAGEMENT I A CASE STUDY OF UYO CITY POLYTECHNIC AND THE HOST
3.2 PERSONAL INVOLVEMENT IN OUT PATIENT
DEPARTMENT (ICT) REGISTRATION
•Information and Communication Technology (ICT) for health
describes the application of information and communication
technologies across the whole range of functions that affect the
health sector. The work done here was mostly registrations of out-
patients.
•Registration is a process by which a patient’s name and identity are
enrolled into the records of the hospital. This is required in order to
provide services of the hospital to the patient and to keep a track of
various services that are availed by each patient.
•Information to be collected at the time of registration are:
CRISIS MANAGEMENT I A CASE STUDY OF UYO CITY POLYTECHNIC AND THE HOST
 Name
 Date of Birth
 Gender
 Name of Guardian (in case the patient is a minor)
 Relationship with the patient
 Address
 Contact Number
 E-mail Address
 Occupation
 Health Insurance Details
 Contacts in case of emergency
CRISIS MANAGEMENT I A CASE STUDY OF UYO CITY POLYTECHNIC AND THE HOST
3.3 PERSONAL INVOLVEMENT IN RADIOLOGY
 Radiology is a branch of medicines that uses different
machines with x- rays and other high energy radiation
especially the use of such radiation for the diagnosis and
treatment of diseases.
ELECTROCARDIOGRAM (E.C.G) MACHINE:
 This machine is used for recording electrical activities of
the heart and the heart rhythm. Sensors attached to the
skin are used to detect the electrical signals to the heart
when it beats.
CRISIS MANAGEMENT I A CASE STUDY OF UYO CITY POLYTECHNIC AND THE HOST
ELECTROCARDIOGRAM (E.C.G) MACHINE:

CRISIS MANAGEMENT I A CASE STUDY OF UYO CITY POLYTECHNIC AND THE HOST
PROCEDURES INVOLVE DURING
ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHY
During an ECG, 12 sensors are attached to the chest and
limb.
i. Attach the black limb leg to the right leg.
ii.Attach the green limb leg to the left leg.
iii.Attach the red limb leg to the right hand.
iv.Attach the green limb leg to the left hand.
v. Chest leg 1 with a stick patch is attached to the 4th
intercostal space on the right side of the chest cage.
CRISIS MANAGEMENT I A CASE STUDY OF UYO CITY POLYTECHNIC AND THE HOST
vi. Chest leg 2 goes to the 4th intercostal space by the left side
of the chest cage.
vii.Chest leg 3 is attached in between 2nd and 4th intercostal
space by the left of the chestcage.
viii.Chest leg 4 is attached to the 5th intercostal space by the left
side of the chest cage.
ix. Chest leg 5 is attached to the end of the axial by the left
side of the chest cage.
CRISIS MANAGEMENT I A CASE STUDY OF UYO CITY POLYTECHNIC AND THE HOST
x. Chest leg 6 is attached to the 6th intercostal space by the left side of
the chest cage.
xi. The sensors being attached to the chest and limb are connected to a
monitor which records the electrical signals that makes the
heartbeat.
xii.A computer records the information and displays it as waves on a
monitor or paper.
The ECG reflects what’s happening in different areas of the heart and
helps identify problems. The ECG is painless and takes about 5-10
minutes.
CRISIS MANAGEMENT I A CASE STUDY OF UYO CITY POLYTECHNIC AND THE HOST
COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY (CT) SCAN
•A Computed Tomography is a diagnostic imaging
procedure that uses a combination of X-rays and computer
technology to produce images of the inside of the body.
Computed Tomography are the easiest to perform but the
hardest to decipher with use of contrast dyes like iodine.
•Computed Tomography (CT) Scans are used for the
diagnosis of muscle disorders, fractures. It helps in
monitoring the effectiveness of treatments for certain
medical conditions.
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COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY (CT) SCAN

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PROCEDURES:
• Patient is laid in a funnel-like machine, while the
inside of the machine rotates and captures series of x-
rays from different angles.
• Images are then sent to a computer to produce a clear
3D image of a particular area.
• Before a computed tomography scan “Do not eat or
drink”.
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MAMMOGRAPHY
• Is the process of wing low-energy x-rays to
examine the human breast for diagnosis and
screening.
• The goal of mammography is the early detection
of breast cancer, typically through detection of
characteristic masses or microcalcification.

CRISIS MANAGEMENT I A CASE STUDY OF UYO CITY POLYTECHNIC AND THE HOST
• Avoid using deodorants, antiperspirants, powders,
lotion, creams or perfume under arm or on breasts.
Particles in these products might show a mammogram
and cause under alarm or confusion. Indications for
diagnostic mammography i.e abnormalities includes
breast lumps, suspected abscess, spontaneous nipple
discharge, focal breast pain/tenderness.

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MAMMOGRAPHY

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PROCEDURES FOR MAMMOGRAPHY

(i)During mammography, the breasts are compressed

between two firm surfaces to spread out the breast
tissue.
(ii)Then the X-ray captures the images which is black
and white and is examined for signs of cancer.

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X-RADIATION (X-RAY)

X-rays are a form of electromagnetic radiation,

similar to visible light. Unlike light, however, x-
rays have higher energy and can pass through
most objects including the body medical x-ray are
used to generate images of tissues and structure
inside the body. It create imaging of white and
black pictures.

CRISIS MANAGEMENT I A CASE STUDY OF UYO CITY POLYTECHNIC AND THE HOST
X-RADIATION (X-RAY)

CRISIS MANAGEMENT I A CASE STUDY OF UYO CITY POLYTECHNIC AND THE HOST
EEG (ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPH)
Electroencephalography is a technique for recording and interpreting the
electrical activity of the brain. It makes use of the machine called
electroencephalograph. Electroencephalograph is an instrument that measure
and records this brain-wave patterns. The recording produce is called
electroencephalogram, commonly abbreviated EEG.
EEG is a test that measure electrical activity in the brain using small metal discs
(electrodes) attached to the scalp. This activity shows as wavy lines on the
EEG recording.
Electroencephalograph is used to diagnose a state of coma, brain dead, seizure,
sleep disorder, epilepsy, tumor, stroke, and people with lesions in their brains.

CRISIS MANAGEMENT I A CASE STUDY OF UYO CITY POLYTECHNIC AND THE HOST
PROCEDURES FOR EEG

There on 22 electrodes all together even numbers are for

the right side of the brain while odd numbers are for the
left side of the brain the distance from one electrode to
another is 10cm.
Standard EEG electrode names: 2: midline, FL; midline
frontal, CZ; midline central, PZ; midline parietal OZ;
midline occipital, F; frontal; FP; frontopolar, C; central,
T; temporal, p; parietal.
CRISIS MANAGEMENT I A CASE STUDY OF UYO CITY POLYTECHNIC AND THE HOST
PROCEDURES FOR EEG

1) A patient lies on her back in a reclining chair.

2) The head of the patient is measured and on when to
place the electrodes
3) Each sports are scrubbed with a special cream which
helps the electrodes get high quality reading.
4) A sticky get was put on 16 to 22 electrodes and
attach then to spot on the patients scalp.

CRISIS MANAGEMENT I A CASE STUDY OF UYO CITY POLYTECHNIC AND THE HOST
5) Once the test begins, the electrodes sends electrical
impulse,
6) Data from brain to recording machine, this machine
converts the electrical impulses into visual patterns
that appear on a screen, a computer saves this
pattern.
7) The patient was instructed to lie still, close their eyes,
breathe deeply or look at a flashing light. E.E.G takes
roughly 30 to 60 minutes.
CRISIS MANAGEMENT I A CASE STUDY OF UYO CITY POLYTECHNIC AND THE HOST
ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPH

CRISIS MANAGEMENT I A CASE STUDY OF UYO CITY POLYTECHNIC AND THE HOST
CHAPTER FOUR
4.0 EXPERIENCES GAINED DURING MY INDUSTRIAL
TRAINING:
The student industrial work experience scheme (SIWES) exercise
has contributed greatly in my academic career because I have
gained some experience which is very useful to my field of study.
I experience how to operate different machines such as
• Electrocardiograph (ECG), electroencephalograph (E.E.G)
machine
• X- ray machine, computed Tomography (CT) Scan,
Mammogram.

CRISIS MANAGEMENT I A CASE STUDY OF UYO CITY POLYTECHNIC AND THE HOST
 How to key in bills into different health maintenance
organization (HMO).
 How to input claims on patient’s online portal.
 How to register out patients details into the computer
system.
 I experienced how to check and record mother’s weight,
pulse rate and blood pressure.
 I experience how to establish a working relationship with
colleagues and bosses and I was able to build on my
confidence and humility.
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CHAPTER FIVE
5.0 RECOMMENDATION, CONCLUSION, REFERENCE
5.1 RECOMMENDATIONS
 It is recommended that the students partaking in the SIWES
programs must be supervised at least twice by ITF.
 Also in the spirit of thorough industrial development
students should be placed in departments, relevant to their
course of study.
 A comprehensive report from the organizations or
establishments where students do their SIWES program be
forwarded to both the school and the ITF.
CRISIS MANAGEMENT I A CASE STUDY OF UYO CITY POLYTECHNIC AND THE HOST
 On the part of the government, they should educate
the various establishments in the country on the needs
to admit students for industrial training. This will
solve the problem of securing a place for the training
on time.
 Orientation should be given to students on the
procedure for find placement in industries.

CRISIS MANAGEMENT I A CASE STUDY OF UYO CITY POLYTECHNIC AND THE HOST
5.2 CONCLUSION

•At the end of my industrial training (6 months) the

aims and objectives of SIWES was achieved because
the training has really broken my scope of higher
learning by acquiring industrial experiences in Medical
Physiology. With the knowledge gained it bridge the
bridge the gap between theory and practical.

CRISIS MANAGEMENT I A CASE STUDY OF UYO CITY POLYTECHNIC AND THE HOST
5.3 REFERENCES
1. History and background of Premier Medical Services. www.premier
Medicalservices.net

2. www.Sciencedirect.com

3. equityhealthj.biomedcentral com

4. www.Academics.edu

CRISIS MANAGEMENT I A CASE STUDY OF UYO CITY POLYTECHNIC AND THE HOST
Thank You

CRISIS MANAGEMENT I A CASE STUDY OF UYO CITY POLYTECHNIC AND THE HOST