محاضرات بريمافيرا
محاضرات بريمافيرا
محاضرات بريمافيرا
Creating Relationships
Scheduling
Assigning Constraints
Maintaining the Project Documents Library
Formatting Schedule Data
Roles and Resources
Assigning Roles
continued...
Topics (cont.)
18
Enterprise and Project-Specific Data
(cont.)
Enterprise Data
Enterprise data provides the global structure needed to
manage multiple projects. It is available to all projects
across the organization and provides the structure
necessary for centralized project and resource
management. Enterprise data is usually defined and
maintained by a system administrator.
Lesson 3
18
Enterprise and Project-Specific Data
(cont.)
Enterprise Data
Examples of enterprise data:
Enterprise Project Structure (EPS)
Project codes
Resource codes
Admin categories and preferences
Resources
Cost accounts
Lesson 3
18
Enterprise and Project-Specific Data
(cont.)
Project-Specific Data
Project-specific data is only available to the project in
which it is defined. Project managers define project-
specific data to further control their projects.
Dates
Work Breakdown Structure (WBS)
Activities
Activity relationships
Baselines
Expenses
Risks
Lesson 3
Enterprise/Project-Specific Data
The following types of data are enterprise as well as
project-specific:
Calendars
Reports
Activity codes
Lesson 3
20
Logging In
21
Opening an Existing Project (cont.)
Access Modes
You have the option to select an access mode prior to
opening a project:
Shared - Multiple users can view, input, and change data.
This is the default setting.
Read Only - You can view data but cannot input or change
data.
Exclusive - The current user is the only user who can edit
data on these projects. Other users can access these
projects in Read Only mode.
Lesson 3
25
Opening an Existing Project (cont.)
Activities Window
The Activities window is used to create, view, and edit
activities for open projects. The table below lists key
navigation items in the Activities window. Numbers in
the table correspond to those in the screenshot.
Lesson 3
26
Activities Window
Item Functionality
26
Activities Window (cont.)
Item Functionality
26
Layouts (cont.)
Activity Layouts
The Activities window provides the option of viewing
data in top/bottom layouts.
Choose one of the following to show on top:
Activity Table
Gantt Chart
Activity Usage Spreadsheet
Activity Network
Lesson 3
27
Layouts (cont.)
Activity Layouts
Choose one of the following to show on bottom:
Activity Details
Activity Table
Gantt Chart
Activity Usage Spreadsheet
Resource Usage Spreadsheet
Activity Usage Profile
Resource Usage Profile
Trace Logic
Lesson 3
27
Layouts (cont.)
Gantt Chart
The Classic WBS Layout displays a Gantt Chart in the
top layout and Activity Details in the bottom layout.
The Gantt Chart is divided into two sections: Activity
Table and Bar Area:
Activity Table - Displays activity data in columns.
Bar Area - Provides a graphical display of activity progress
over the duration of the project.
Lesson 3
30
Closing a Project
Close the project when you are finished working with it.
You are prompted to verify that you want to close the
project.
Closing the project takes you back to the Home
window.
Lesson 3
41
Closing a Project (cont.)
Key Concepts
The Home window is a starting point for navigating in
Primavera.
Use the Navigation bar for quick access to Help, to display
the Directory bar, and to move forward and backward to
previously accessed windows.
Choose to open a project in Read Only, Shared, or Exclusive
mode.
A project consists of enterprise and project-specific data.
View activity data in the Activities window and customize
the top and bottom layouts.
Use layouts to easily view data specific to your needs. You
Lesson 3
42
Closing a Project (cont.)
Key Concepts
Activity Details, arranged in tabs, displays detailed
information for the activity highlighted in the Activity Table
or Activity Network.
Lesson 3
42
Enterprise Project Structure
Lesson 4
43
Lesson Objectives
43
Enterprise Project Structure
44
Enterprise Project Structure
Lesson 4
44
Opening the EPS
45
Benefits of the EPS
46
Key Concepts
The EPS is a hierarchy that represents the management and
organization of projects in your company.
In the EPS, the root is the top level and can be subdivided
into nodes. Each node represents a level in the project
structure that can hold another node or a project. Projects
represent the lowest level of the hierarchy.
The EPS enables you to view project data across the entire
project structure or within a specific node.
Lesson 4
47
Creating a Project
Lesson 5
49
Lesson Objectives
Create a project
Navigate in the Projects window
View and modify information in Project Details
Lesson 5
49
Creating a Project
50
Creating a Project (cont.)
Import a file:
Import a project using the following file formats:
Review and adjust the WBS.
Review and adjust activities.
Assign resources and costs.
Copy/paste:
Select elements of an existing project you want to copy to a
new project.
Lesson 5
50
Create a New Project Wizard
The Create a New Project wizard can assist you in
creating a project.
Lesson 5
51
Create a New Project Wizard (cont.)
52
Create a New Project Wizard (cont.)
Click the desired month and date, and then click Select.
53
Create a New Project Wizard (cont.)
54
Create a New Project Wizard (cont.)
55
Create a New Project Wizard (cont.)
56
Projects Window
57
Project Details
59
Project Details (cont.)
General Tab
The General tab enables you to view or modify general
information about the selected project. Project ID,
Project Name, and Responsible Manager can be set
when you create the project, or you can change them
here. The remaining fields are set by default.
Fields in the General tab:
Project ID - Short, unique identifier for the project.
Project Name - Name of the project.
Lesson 5
60
Project Details (cont.)
General Tab
Status - Indicates project status based on the table below:
60
Project Details (cont.)
General Tab
Responsible Manager - Individual, selected from the OBS,
who is responsible for the project.
Risk Level - Indicates the overall risk in performing the
project. You can use the risk level to organize, filter, and
report on projects within the project structure. You can
enter a value between Very High and Very Low; the default
is Medium.
Leveling Priority - User-defined rank of the project against
all other projects, based on its importance to the
organization. You can enter a value between 1 and 100.
The highest rank is 1; the default is 10.
Lesson 5
60
Project Details (cont.)
General Tab
Checked Out By - Displays the user that checked out the
project.
Date Checked Out - Indicates the date and time the user
checked out the project.
Project Web Site URL - Displays the project's Web site
address.
Lesson 5
60
Project Details (cont.)
Dates Tab
The Dates tab enables you to edit date information for
the selected project. The Planned Start and Must Finish
By dates can be set when you create the project, or you
can change them here.
Fields in the Dates tab:
Planned Start - Planned start date of the project.
Data Date - Date used as the starting point for schedule
calculations.
Must Finish By - Date indicating the desired project end date.
Finish - Non-editable field indicating the latest early finish date
Lesson 5
61
Project Details (cont.)
Dates Tab
Anticipated Start and Anticipated Finish - Expected dates
that can be entered while planning the project at a high
level.
Lesson 5
61
Project Details (cont.)
Notebook Tab
The Notebook tab enables you to write, view, or edit
project notes such as the project's purpose, core
requirements, or other project-specific details.
Fields in the Notebook tab:
Notebook Topic - List of topics assigned to the selected
node/project.
Detail - User-defined description of the selected topic. You
can use HTML editing features, including formatting text,
inserting pictures, copying, pasting, and adding hyperlinks.
Lesson 5
62
Project Details (cont.)
Codes Tab
The Codes tab enables you to assign project code
values to the selected project.
Project codes allow you to group the projects in the EPS
to specific categories, such as location or division.
Unlimited hierarchical project codes are supported.
Allows for summarization of large amounts of information
across projects.
Lesson 5
64
Project Details (cont.)
Defaults Tab
The Defaults tab is divided into two sections:
Defaults for New Activities - Indicates the settings that will
be used when new activities are added to the project. Note
that changing these settings will not affect existing
activities.
Auto-numbering Defaults - Sets how new activities will be
numbered in your project.
When the Increment Activity ID based on selected activity
field is marked, the prefix or suffix of the selected activity is
applied to the activity that is being added.
Lesson 5
66
Project Details (cont.)
Calculations Tab
Use this tab to specify how to calculate cost and
resource use when you update activities. Two fields of
note:
Recalculate Actual Units and Cost when Duration %
Complete Changes - Mark to calculate actual units and costs
as Actual (units or costs) = Budgeted (units or costs) *
Duration % Complete
Primavera performs these calculations whenever you update
the Duration % complete.
Values you specify override the application's calculated values.
If you clear the checkbox, the application does not estimate
Lesson 5
actuals and the actual fields remain blank unless you specify
values.
68
Project Details (cont.)
Calculations Tab
Link Actual and Actual This Period Units and Cost - Mark
this checkbox to recalculate actual or actual this period
units and costs when one of these values is updated. This
option is selected by default.
Lesson 5
68
Project Details (cont.)
Key Concepts
You can create a project with the New Project wizard,
import a file, copy an existing file, or use Project Architect
to create a project from an existing template.
Once the project is created, use the Projects window to
view high-level information for projects you can access.
Use Project Details tabs in the Projects window to define
default settings and properties for the selected project, such
as the anticipated start and finish dates.
Lesson 5
69
Creating a Work Breakdown
Structure
Lesson 6
71
Lesson Objectives
71
Work Breakdown Structure
72
Work Breakdown Structure
Lesson 6
72
Viewing WBS Elements
73
Creating the WBS Hierarchy
77
Key Concepts
The Work Breakdown Structure is a hierarchical
arrangement of the products and services produced during
and by a project.
The highest level of the WBS is the project, and the lowest
level consists of the individual activities required for the
deliverables.
Create the WBS in the Work Breakdown Structure window.
Use the indentation keys to form various levels in the WBS.
Lesson 6
80
Adding Activities
Lesson 7
81
Lesson Objectives
81
Activities
82
Activity Components
Lesson 7
82
Adding Activities
83
The New Activity Wizard
84
Adding Activities via Activity Wizard
85
Adding Activities via Activity Wizard
(cont.)
Level of Effort
WBS Summary
87
Adding Activities via Activity Wizard
(cont.)
Activity Type:
Start Milestone - This type is typically used to mark
the beginning of a phase or to communicate project
deliverables.
Zero-duration activity.
Only has a start date.
You can assign constraints, steps, expenses, work products,
and documents.
You can assign a primary resource.
You cannot assign roles.
Lesson 7
87
Adding Activities via Activity Wizard
(cont.)
Activity Type:
Finish Milestone - This type is typically used to mark
the end of a phase or to communicate project
deliverables.
Zero-duration activity.
Only has a finish date.
You can assign constraints, steps, expenses, work products,
and documents.
You can assign a primary resource.
You cannot assign roles.
Lesson 7
87
Adding Activities via Activity Wizard
(cont.)
Activity Type:
Task Dependent - This type is typically used when the
work needs to be accomplished in a given time frame,
regardless of the assigned resources' availability.
The activity's resources are scheduled to work according to
the activity calendar.
Duration is determined by the assigned calendar's
workweek.
Lesson 7
87
Example of how Primavera calculates the duration when
activity type is task dependent.
Resource Calendar 1
Resource Calendar 2
Resource Calendar 3
Task Dependent X X
Activity Type:
Resource Dependent - This type is typically used
when multiple resources assigned to the same activity
can work independently.
The activity's resources are scheduled according to the
individual resource's calendar.
Duration is determined by the availability of the resources
assigned to work on the activity.
Lesson 7
87
Example of how Primavera calculates the duration when
activity type is resource dependent.
Resource Calendar 1
Resource Calendar 2
Resource Calendar 3
Task Dependent X X
Resource Dependent X X X
88
Adding Activities via Activity Wizard
(cont.)
88
Adding Activities via Activity Wizard
(cont.)
89
Adding an Activity via Activity Details
90
Adding an Activity via Activity Details
(cont.)
General Tab
Use the General tab to assign basic information about
the activity, including Activity Type, discussed earlier in
this lesson.
Lesson 7
91
Adding an Activity via Activity Details
(cont.)
Status Tab
Use the Status tab to define the selected activity's
duration, constraint, Start and Finish dates, labor and
nonlabor units and costs, and material costs. You can
also use the Status tab to view the selected activity's
float, actuals, and completion percentages.
Lesson 7
92
Adding an Activity via Activity Details
(cont.)
Notebook Tab
The Notebook tab enables you to assign notes to an
activity. Notebook topics are typically instructions or
descriptions that further describe the activity according
to specific categories of information.
Lesson 7
93
Adding an Activity via Columns
94
Adding Steps to an Activity
97
Step Templates
99
Activity Codes
100
Activity Codes (cont.)
100
Activity Codes (cont.)
100
Activity Codes (cont.)
100
Activity Codes (cont.)
102
Calendar Assignments
103
Calendar Assignments (cont.)
Calendar Types
There are three calendar types:
Global calendar
Contains calendars that can be used by all projects in the
database.
Available for all resources and activities in the database.
Resource calendar
Contains separate calendars for each resource.
Project calendar
Contains a separate pool of calendars for each project.
Available for the current project only.
Lesson 7
103
Calendar Assignments (cont.)
Calendar Assignments
Use the Select Activity Calendar dialog box to select the
calendar that is used for an activity in the project.
For example, in this project, the default calendar
assigned to all activities is theStandard 5 Day
Workweek. You will view the available calendars on the
Design Building Addition activity.
Lesson 7
104
Creating Relationships
Lesson 8
109
Lesson Objectives
109
Network Logic Diagram
110
Network Logic Diagram (cont.)
110
Network Logic Diagram (cont.)
110
Relationship Types
111
Relationships with Lag
24-hour calendar
Project default calendar
112
Relationships with Lag (cont.)
112
Creating Relationships in the Activity
Network
The Activity Network is useful when sequencing
activities because it displays the activities graphically as
you create relationships.
Lesson 8
113
Creating Relationships in the Activity
Network (cont.)
Creating a Start-to-Start Relationship
You can create a relationship between activities by
clicking and dragging your mouse between the two
activities.
The left edge of the activity represents the start of the
activity.
The right edge of the activity represents the finish of the
activity.
Lesson 8
114
Creating Relationships in Activity
Details
You can also use the Relationships tab to create
relationships. When creating a relationship in Activity
Details, the default relationship type is Finish-to-Start.
Activities in the Assign Successors dialog box can be
grouped and sorted in a variety of ways, including by
EPS and by List. In the Display Options bar, click Group
and Sort By to view options.
Lesson 8
115
Creating Relationships in Activity
Details (cont.)
Assigning Lag
Although the default relationship type is Finish-to-Start
with zero days of lag, you can use the columns on the
Relationships tab to make adjustments to the
relationship type or to assign lag.
Lesson 8
117
Viewing Relationships in Gantt Chart
118
Viewing Relationships in Gantt Chart
(cont.)
Key Concepts
Use the Precedence Diagramming Method to create a
network logic diagram to show the relationships between
activities. Build the diagram using boxes or rectangles that
represent activities, and create logical relationships between
the activities, specifying the predecessor and successor
activity relationships.
There are four relationship types: Finish-to-Start, Start-to-
Start, Finish-to-Finish, and Start-to-Finish. The default
relationship type is Finish-to-Start.
Use lag to specify a delay between an activity and its
successor.
Lesson 8
120
Scheduling
Lesson 9
121
Lesson Objectives
121
Critical Path Method Scheduling
122
Critical Path Method Scheduling (cont.)
Critical Path
The critical path is the series of activities that determines a
project's completion date.
The duration of the activities on the critical path controls
the duration of the entire project. A delay to any of these
activities will delay the Finish date of the entire project.
Critical activities are defined by either the total float or the
longest path in the project network.
Lesson 9
122
What is the Data Date?
The data date is the date that is utilized as the starting
point for schedule calculations. It is the date used to
schedule all remaining work.
During the Planning phase the data date should match the
project Start date.
Lesson 9
123
Data Date
J F M A M J J A S
Data Date Line Schedule
Time
Resource
Resource
Quantity
(person-
days)
Time
Cost
Lesson 9
OPN
Time
Scheduling Concepts (cont.)
Forward Pass
The forward pass calculates an activity's early dates.
Early dates are the earliest times an activity can start and
finish once its predecessors have been completed.
The calculation begins with the activities without
predecessors.
Early Start (ES) + Duration - 1 = Early Finish (EF)
Lesson 9
124
A
5
ES 1 EF 5
C
15
ES 11 EF 25
B
10
ES 1 EF 10
Lesson 9
Forward pass
124
Scheduling Concepts (cont.)
Backward Pass
The backward pass calculates an activity's late dates.
Late dates are the latest times an activity can start and
finish without delaying the end date of the project.
The calculation begins with the activities without successors
(activity C in the graphic below).
For projects without a Must Finish By date, activities without
successors are assigned a Late Finish equal to the latest
calculated Early Finish date (25 in the graphic below).
Late Finish (LF) - Duration + 1 = Late Start (LS)
Lesson 9
125
Backward pass
LS 6 LF 10
A
5
ES 1 EF 5 LS 11 LF 25
C
15
LS 1 LF 10 ES 11 EF 25
Lesson 9
B
10
ES 1 EF 10
125
Scheduling Concepts (cont.)
Total Float
The amount of time an activity can slip from its early Start
without delaying the project.
The difference between an activity's late dates and early
dates.
Activities with zero Total Float are critical.
Late date - Early date = Total Float (TF)
An activity's Total Float is automatically calculated each
time you schedule the project. You cannot edit an
activity's float values directly.
The critical path is the series of activities that
Lesson 9
126
Total Float
LS LF
Positive float
ES EF
Positive float
LS LF
Zero float
(critical)
ES EF
LS LF
Negative Float
Lesson 9
(extremely
critical) ES EF
Negative float
126
Backward pass
LS 6 LF 10
A
5
ES 1 EF 5 LS 11 LF 25
TF = 5 Path
ic al
Cri
t C
15
LS 1 LF 10 ES 11 EF 25
TF = 0
B
10
ES 1 EF 10
Lesson 9
TF = 0
Forward pass
127
Scheduling Concepts (cont.)
128
Backward pass
Critical Activities
LS 1 LF 5
Must Finish By:
A Day 20*
5
ES 1 EF 5 LS 6 20*
LF 25
TF =0
C
15
LS-4 LF 5 ES 11 EF 25
TF =-5
B
Lesson 9
10
Which activities are critical
ES 1 EF 10
based on Total Float?
TF =-5 128
Backward pass
LS 1 LF 5
Must Finish By:
A Day 20*
5
ES 1 EF 5 LS 6 20*
LF 25
TF =0
P ath
ge s t C
Lon 15
LS-4 LF 5 ES 11 EF 25
TF =-5
B
Lesson 9
10
Which activities are critical
ES 1 EF 10
based on Longest Path?
TF =-5 128
Scheduling Concepts (cont.)
129
Scheduling Concepts (cont.)
Open Ends
Open Ends are activities without a predecessor or
successor.
No predecessor - Activity uses data date as its Early Start.
No successor - Activity uses project finish as its Late Finish
Open-ended activities can portray an unrealistic amount of
positive total float.
Lesson 9
130
Open Ends cont.
10 70 FINISH
START
20 30 50 60 80 90
40
only two open ends, the start milestone activity and the
finish milestone activity. 130
Open Ends cont.
ends.
START
20 30 50 60 80 90
40
131
Scheduling a Project (cont.)
Schedule Log
The Schedule Log records scheduling results, including:
Scheduling/leveling settings
Statistics
Errors
Warnings
Scheduling/leveling results
Exceptions
Lesson 9
132
Driving Relationships
133
Key Concepts
139
Driving Relationships (cont.)
Key Concepts
After scheduling, results are recorded in a Schedule Log.
Lesson 9
139
Assigning Constraints
Lesson 10
141
Lesson Objectives
141
Constraints
142
Commonly Used Constraints (cont.)
Must Finish By
Used when an overall project deadline must be met.
Forces all activities in the project to finish by the date (and
time) specified.
By default, the time associated to the Must Finish By date is set
to 12:00 am. This means that if the project must finish by the
end of day on 1-Nov, assign a Must Finish By of 02-Nov.
Affects the total float of the entire project.
Must be applied in the Dates tab in Project Details.
The current Early Finish of Building Addition project is 17-
Nov-10. You will apply a Must Finish By constraint of 02-
Lesson 10
Nov-10.
The next step is to reschedule the project to see the effect
of the imposed deadline on the late dates and Total Float
in the project plan.
143
Start On or After
Used to set the earliest date an activity can
begin.
Forces the activity to start no earlier than the
constraint date
Pushes the early start to the constraint date
Affects the early dates of its successors
LS LF LS LF
A B
Lesson 10
ES * EF ES EF
145
Start On or After
Used to set the earliest date an activity can
begin.
Forces the activity to start no earlier than the
constraint date
Pushes the early start to the constraint date
Affects the early dates of its successors
LS LF LS LF
Lesson 10
A A B B
ES ES EF
* EF ES ES EF EF
145
Commonly Used Constraints (cont.)
147
Finish On or Before
Used to set intermediate completion points
Forces the activity to finish no later than the
constraint date
Pulls the late finish date to the constraint
date
Affects the late dates of its predecessors
LS LF LS LF *
Lesson 10
A B
ES EF ES EF 148
Finish On or Before
Used to set intermediate completion points
Forces the activity to finish no later than the
constraint date
Pulls the late finish date to the constraint
date
Affects the late dates of its predecessors
LS LSLF LF LS LS
LF * LF
Lesson 10
A A B B
ES EF ES EF 148
Commonly Used Constraints (cont.)
Start On
Forces the activity to start on the constraint date.
Shifts both Early and Late Start dates.
Delays an Early Start or accelerates a Late Start.
Used to specify dates submitted by contractors or vendors.
Lesson 10
150
Commonly Used Constraints (cont.)
Start On or Before
Forces the activity to start no later than the constraint date.
Shifts the Late Start to the constraint date.
Affects the late dates of its predecessors.
Used to place a deadline on the start of the activity.
Lesson 10
150
Commonly Used Constraints (cont.)
Finish On
Forces the activity to finish on the constraint date.
Shifts both Early and Late Finish dates.
Delays an Early Finish or accelerates a Late Finish.
Used to satisfy intermediate project deadlines.
Lesson 10
150
Commonly Used Constraints (cont.)
Finish On or After
Forces the activity to finish no earlier than the constraint
date.
Shifts the Early Finish to the constraint date.
Affects the early dates of its successors.
Used to prevent an activity from finishing too early.
Lesson 10
150
Commonly Used Constraints (cont.)
As Late As Possible
Delays an activity as late as possible without delaying its
successors.
Shifts the early dates as late as possible.
Also called a zero free float constraint.
Lesson 10
150
Commonly Used Constraints (cont.)
150
Commonly Used Constraints (cont.)
Key Concepts
Assign constraints to activities and projects to reflect real-
world restrictions.
A maximum of two constraints can be assigned to an
activity.
The Must Finish By constraint is used when an overall
project deadline must be met.
Use the Start On or After constraint to set the earliest date
an activity can begin.
Lesson 10
151
Roles and Resources
Lesson 13
179
Lesson Objectives
Describe roles
Views the roles dictionary
Describe resources
Identify the differences between labor, nonlabor and
material resources
View the resource dictionary
Lesson 13
179
Roles and Resources
180
Roles and Resources (cont.)
180
Lesson 13
180
Defining Roles
181
Defining Roles (cont.)
Limits Tab
Use the Limits tab to specify available quantities (limits)
for a role. Setting limits helps you quickly identify areas
of role overload in Resource/Role Usage Profiles. You
can define an unlimited number of role limits for each
role; however, the effective date must be unique.
By default, role limits are calculated based on the limit
defined for each role's primary resource, which may not
accurately reflect a role's planned allocation. In the
Resource Analysis tab in User Preferences, Resource
Lesson 13
183
Defining Resources
$4.50/sf.
184
Resource Details
185
Resource Details (cont.)
General Tab
The General tab enables you to enter general
information about the selected resource including the
resource's ID, name, employee ID, title, e-mail address,
office phone number, and status.
Lesson 13
185
Resource Details (cont.)
Codes Tab
The Codes tab enables you to assign resource code
values to further categorize the selected resource for
grouping and organizing.
Lesson 13
185
Resource Details (cont.)
Details Tab
The Details tab enables you to enter the selected
resource's labor classification, currency and overtime
settings, and profile.
Labor Classification - Indicates the resource is Labor,
Nonlabor or Material.
Unit of Measure - Utilized for material resources. Select to
determine what unit the resource utilizes.
Currency - Indicates the currency associated with the
resource's costs.
Overtime Allowed - Mark to indicate the resource can enter
Lesson 13
186
Resource Details (cont.)
Details Tab
Overtime Factor - Indicates the value by which the
resource's standard price should be multiplied to determine
the resource's overtime price.
Calendar - Calendar used to identify resource availability.
Default Units/Time - Indicates the units/time that will be
applied when the resource is assigned to an activity.
Auto Compute Actuals - Mark to automatically calculate the
resource's actual quantity of work according to the project
plan.
Calculate costs from units - Mark to calculate the cost of an
Lesson 13
186
Resource Details (cont.)
187
Resource Details (cont.)
Key Concepts
A role is a job title or skill, for example, Trainer or Manager.
A resource is someone - or something - used to complete
an activity.
Roles can be assigned to resources to aid in resource
management. Multiple roles and a single primary role can
be assigned to each resource.
Resources are divided into three categories: Labor (people);
Nonlabor (equipment); Material (measured in units other
than time, e.g., $4.50/square foot).
Roles are defined in the Roles dictionary.
Lesson 13
188
Assigning Roles
Lesson 14
189
Lesson Objectives
189
Assigning Roles to Activities
190
Assigning Roles to Activities
190
Assigning Roles to Activities (cont.)
192
Assigning Roles to Activities (cont.)
193
Assigning Rates on Roles
194
Assigning Rates on Roles (cont.)
Key Concepts
Role assignments can act as a placeholder, which you can
later use to assign a specific resource.
You can assign a single role to an activity; multiple roles to
a single activity; or a single role to multiple activities.
You can also assign rates to roles. The rate type determines
the price/unit used to calculate costs for the assignment.
Lesson 14
195
Assigning Resources and Costs
Lesson 15
197
Lesson Objectives
197
Steps for Resource Management
198
Assigning by Role
199
Assigning by Role (cont.)
200
Assigning by Role (cont.)
201
Assigning Resources
202
Assigning Resources (cont.)
202
Assigning Resources (cont.)
203
Assigning Resources (cont.)
204
Assigning Resources (cont.)
205
Assigning Resources (cont.)
206
Planning Costs
207
Planning Costs (cont.)
Resource
The cost of a resource can be calculated based on the
Price/Unit defined in the Resource dictionary and the
Budgeted Units assigned to the activity.
Budgeted Cost = Budgeted Units x Price/Unit
Lesson 15
207
Planning Costs (cont.)
Expense
Expenses are non-resource costs associated with a
project. They are typically one-time expenditures for
non-reusable items. Examples of expenses include
facilities, travel, overhead, and training.
Expenses are manually assigned at the activity level.
You can enter a single lump sum expense or you can
enter the number of units and the Price/Unit.
Expense categories can be assigned to classify the expense.
Expenses can be accrued at the start, end, or uniformly
Lesson 15
208
Planning Costs (cont.)
Summary Tab
Use the Summary tab to display unit, cost, or date
information for the selected activity.
Select Display cost at the bottom of the page to display
the itemized and total cost of the selected activity. The
activity's costs are broken into:
Labor Cost
Nonlabor Cost
Material Cost
Expenses
Lesson 15
Total Cost
210
Planning Costs (cont.)
Key Concepts
Three steps in resource management are defining
resources; assigning resources; and analyzing resources.
Resource assignments can be made by replacing a role
assignment with a specific resource. At least one role must
be assigned to an activity to assign resources by role.
If a role is not designated as a placeholder in an activity,
assign a resource directly from the Resource dictionary.
When you assign a resource to an activity, this calculation is
performed: Duration x Units/Time = Units.
When you assign a resource, you can adjust Units/Time or
Lesson 15
211
Optimizing the Project Plan
Lesson 17
229
Lesson Objectives
229
Analyzing the Project
230
Analyzing the Project
Lesson 17
230
Analyzing Schedule Dates
231
Analyzing Schedule Dates (cont.)
232
Analyzing Schedule Dates (cont.)
233
Shortening the Project
235
Shortening the Project (cont.)
235
Shortening the Project (cont.)
236
Shortening the Project (cont.)
Modifying Relationships
If you need to further compress the schedule, review
relationships between activities on the critical path.
Currently, there is a Finish-to-Start relationship between
the Site Preparation and Excavation activities. You
determine these activities can be performed at the
same time. Therefore, change the relationship to Start-
to-Start with 5 days of lag.
Lesson 17
237
Shortening the Project (cont.)
Modifying Constraints
Constraints assigned earlier in the project life cycle may
need to be modified based on the latest information
from the project team. If you modify a constraint, be
sure to also modify the Notebook topic that was created
to document the constraint.
A resource is available to work on the Excavation
activity. You can now remove the Start On or After
constraint from the Excavation activity.
Lesson 17
238
Shortening the Project (cont.)
239
Analyzing Resource Allocation
240
Analyzing Resource Allocation (cont.)
241
Analyzing Resource Allocation (cont.)
Correcting Overallocation
If overallocation is identified, choose a method to remove
the overallocation from the specific resource. Several
methods can help you accomplish this goal:
Replace the overallocated resource with an available resource.
Increase the resource's workweek.
Increase the hours/day that the resource works.
Assign additional resources to the activity.
After analyzing Oliver Rock's overallocation, you have
decided to use a different resource for activities BA5010
Lesson 17
Correcting Overallocation
Assign Waylan Smithers to work on the two activities.
Lesson 17
244
Analyzing Resource Allocation (cont.)
Reviewing Allocation
Use the Resource Usage Profile to check allocation for
Oliver Rock, who was removed from the activities, and
Waylan Smithers, who was assigned in his place.
Lesson 17
245
Analyzing Resource Allocation (cont.)
Replacing a Resource
Note that this functionality is available only when
assigning a resource directly - it is not available in the
Assign Resources by Role dialog box.
Lesson 17
246
Analyzing the Budget
247
Analyzing the Budget (cont.)
Key Concepts
Optimizing the project plan is the last step in planning your
project. Ensure that the project plan meets its date,
resource, and cost requirements.
If the calculated Finish date of the project is beyond the
Must Finish By date, the project must be shortened.
Comapare the dates in the Dates tab in Project Details.
You can use various methods to shorten the project, such
as refining durations, modifying relationships, applying
constraints, and focusing on critical activities.
Use the Resource Usage Profile to ensure resources are not
Lesson 17
overallocated.
Evaluate costs to ensure that the project can be completed
within budget.
248
Project Execution and Control
Lesson 19
261
Lesson Objectives
261
Updating a Project
262
Updating a Project (cont.)
How Often?
You may need to update daily, weekly, or monthly,
depending on the length of your project and how
frequently you want to adjust your forecasts.
Lesson 19
262
Updating a Project (cont.)
262
The Data Date
263
Lesson 19
263
Updating Process
Create a baseline plan.
Identify the new data date with the Progress Spotlight.
Enter activity progress.
Report resource use and costs to date.
Use Suspend and Resume dates as necessary.
Apply actuals to the project.
Perform target analysis.
Compare the current plan to the target to analyze variances.
Calculate the schedule.
Be sure to verify the new data date.
Monitor project progress with reports.
Lesson 19
264
Updating Process (cont.)
264
Updating Process (cont.)
264
Defining a Statusing Period
Define the statusing period before you begin to update
activities. In general, the statusing period begins at the
current data date and ends at a point in the future. The
length of the statusing period depends on the
frequency of your updates. You could, for example,
create a statusing period that extends one week from
the current data date. The end of the statusing period
will become the new data date - the date up to which
actual performance is measured.
Lesson 19
265
Defining a Statusing Period (cont.)
265
Defining a Statusing Period (cont.)
Progress Spotlight
Progress Spotlight creates a visible statusing period
between the current data date and the next status
date. It also provides a highlighted list of activities that
should have progress during the update period.
Lesson 19
266
Defining a Statusing Period (cont.)
267
Entering Actuals
268
Entering Actuals (cont.)
268
Entering Actuals (cont.)
Completed Activities
Actual Start and Actual Finish dates
Actual Regular Units/Costs
Actual Cost for expenses
Lesson 19
268
Entering Actuals (cont.)
Activities in Progress
Actual Start date
Percent Complete and/or Remaining Duration
Actual Regular Units/Costs and Remaining Units/Costs
Actual and Remaining Costs for expenses
If activity work is temporarily halted, use
Suspend/Resume dates.
Lesson 19
268
Statusing Milestones
269
Statusing Activities to Completion
270
Statusing Activities to Completion (cont.)
272
Statusing Activities to Completion (cont.)
274
Statusing Activities in Progress
Five steps must be performed to update an activity in
progress:
Enter Actual Start date.
Enter Percent Complete and/or Remaining Duration.
Enter Actual Regular Units and Remaining Units for resources.
Enter Actual Cost and Remaining Cost for expenses.
In the example below, activity BA2010 was started during
the status period but is now falling behind schedule. You
will reflect this by increasing the Remaining Duration.
Actual Regular Units is the number of units that
Lesson 19
275
Statusing Activities in Progress (cont.)
276
Suspending an Activity
277
Statusing Activities to Completion
The Review and Submit Flooring Samples activity has
finished 1 day early.
Resource Oliver Rock worked 8 hours less than planned on
the activity. Update Actual Units to 56 hours.
The Assemble Brick Samples activity also was completed
during this status period.
The Assemble Technical Data for Heat Pump activity was
started and finished in this update period.
The Assemble Technical Data for Heat Pump activity has an
expense that is running over its budgeted amount. You will
update the expenses for the activity to reflect the spending.
Lesson 19
279
Rescheduling the Project
284
Rescheduling the Project (cont.)
285
Controlling the Project
286
Controlling the Project (cont.)
286
Controlling the Project (cont.)
286
Controlling the Project (cont.)
286
Compressing the Schedule
287
Compressing the Schedule (cont.)
287
Compressing the Schedule (cont.)
288
Reporting Performance
Lesson 20
295
Lesson Objectives
295
Methods for Performance Reporting
296
Reports Window
297
Running an Existing Report
298
Running an Existing Report (cont.)
299
Running an Existing Report (cont.)
299
Running an Existing Report (cont.)
Print Preview
Print preview allows you to make modifications to the
layout before printing.
Lesson 20
300
Print Preview Dialog Box
Item Functionality
n
6. Last/First Page Display the first or last page of the displayed
report.
300
Print Preview Dialog Box (cont.)
Item Functionality
300
Running an Existing Report (cont.)
Printing Reports
Printing reports is an effective way to communicate
project information with resources and other project
managers.
The report below displays the Original Duration,
Remaining Duration, Percent Complete, Activity Name,
Early Start, Early Finish, Late Start, Late Finish and
Total Float of all the activities in the project.
Lesson 20
300
Report Wizard
302
Report Wizard (cont.)
303
Report Wizard (cont.)
305
Report Wizard (cont.)
306
Report Wizard (cont.)
Print Preview
You can preview the report before printing. To print,
click the Print icon.
Lesson 20
309
Saving a Report
310
Saving a Report (cont.)
311
Creating a Report Using the Current
Layout
The Report wizard can also be used to create reports
based on the layout that is currently displayed. Reports
can be modified as they are built through the wizard.
Lesson 20
312
Creating a Report Using the Current
Layout (cont.)
Key Concepts
The Reports window displays reports for schedule, resource,
and cost.
You can report schedule performance by choosing one of
the pre-defined schedule reports listed in the Reports
window.
Lesson 20
316
Creating a Report Using the Current
Layout (cont.)
Key Concepts
The Report wizard enables you to easily create a wide
variety of ad hoc reports. The reports can be modified as
they are built, or they can be reopened later to be modified.
To create a wizard report:
Select a base table and pertinent data fields.
Organize the data via grouping, sorting, and filtering options.
The Report wizard can also be used to create reports based
on the layout that is currently displayed.
Lesson 20
316