Chapter 3 - Industrial Revolution in The 17th Century
Chapter 3 - Industrial Revolution in The 17th Century
Chapter 3 - Industrial Revolution in The 17th Century
CHAPTER OUTLINE
AT THE END OF THIS CHAPTER, THE STUDENTS SHOULD BE ABLE TO:
1. DEFINE PARADIGM SHIFT
2. ARTICULATE WAYS BY WHICH SOCIETY IS TRANSFORMED BY
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY;
3. TRACE THE HISTORY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY IN DIFFERENT
ERAS AND CIVILIZATIONS; AND
4. ENUMERATE SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNOLOGICAL ADVANCEMENT
MADE BY PEOPLE AND SOME CIVILIXZATIONS OF THE SEVENTEENTH
CENTURY.
LEARNING OUTCOMES
CHANGE IS HARDEST AT THE
BEGINNING, MESSIEST IN THE
MIDDLE AND BEST AT THE END.
- ROBIN S. SHARMA
COPERNICAN REVOLUTION
• During the early times there was a
divergence of theories and ideas….even
today!
• Mathematics was a common tool used
by astronomers to explain the motion of
the celestial bodies and on the latter
combined with actual observations.
COPERNICAN REVOLUTION
• The remarkable contribution of ancient
astronomers is the development of the
Heliocentric theory.
COPERNICAN REVOLUTION
Timeline
Aristotle Proved the earth is spherical.
(384-322 B.C.) He believed that the earth was the center of
the universe
Aristarchus The first to propose the idea of the sun as the
(310-230 B.C.) center of the universe
Hipparchus Measured Earth’s distance to the Moon and
(190-120 B.C.) discovered the wobbling of the Earth.
COPERNICAN REVOLUTION
Timeline
Claudius Ptolemy Used Hipparchus observations to develop
(85-165 A.D.) the Ptolemic system which describes the
earth as the center of the universe with sun,
moon, planets and stars revolving around it
Nicolaus Copernicusin a Concluded
circular orbit.
that the sun and not the
(1473-1543) earth is the center of the universe.
COPERNICAN REVOLUTION
Timeline
Galileo Galilei Supported Copernican Model
(1564 – 1642) His telescope helped him to understand
some natural phenomena.
Johannes Kepler Formulate the Three laws of the Planetary
(1571 – 1630) motion.
COPERNICAN REVOLUTION
• KEPLER’S THREE LAWS OF PLANETARY MOTION CAN BE STATED AS FOLLOWS:
• (1) ALL PLANETS MOVE ABOUT THE SUN IN ELLIPTICAL ORBITS, HAVING THE SUN AS ONE OF THE FOCI.
• (2) A RADIUS VECTOR JOINING ANY PLANET TO THE SUN SWEEPS OUT EQUAL AREAS IN EQUAL LENGTHS
OF TIME.
• (3) THE SQUARES OF THE SIDEREAL PERIODS (OF REVOLUTION) OF THE PLANETS ARE DIRECTLY
PROPORTIONAL TO THE CUBES OF THEIR MEAN DISTANCES FROM THE SUN.