The document provides information about Indian Oil Corporation Limited's Digboi Refinery in Assam, India. It discusses [1] the history and introduction of Digboi Refinery as Asia's first refinery established in 1901. [2] It outlines the general safety rules that must be followed by all employees and visitors. [3] It then describes the various mechanical devices and units used in the refining process such as pumps, compressors, heat exchangers, and valves. [4] These units include the atmospheric and vacuum unit, delayed coking unit, catalytic reforming unit, and captive power plant. [5] In conclusion, the vocational training program provided valuable practical learning about the oil refining processes
The document provides information about Indian Oil Corporation Limited's Digboi Refinery in Assam, India. It discusses [1] the history and introduction of Digboi Refinery as Asia's first refinery established in 1901. [2] It outlines the general safety rules that must be followed by all employees and visitors. [3] It then describes the various mechanical devices and units used in the refining process such as pumps, compressors, heat exchangers, and valves. [4] These units include the atmospheric and vacuum unit, delayed coking unit, catalytic reforming unit, and captive power plant. [5] In conclusion, the vocational training program provided valuable practical learning about the oil refining processes
The document provides information about Indian Oil Corporation Limited's Digboi Refinery in Assam, India. It discusses [1] the history and introduction of Digboi Refinery as Asia's first refinery established in 1901. [2] It outlines the general safety rules that must be followed by all employees and visitors. [3] It then describes the various mechanical devices and units used in the refining process such as pumps, compressors, heat exchangers, and valves. [4] These units include the atmospheric and vacuum unit, delayed coking unit, catalytic reforming unit, and captive power plant. [5] In conclusion, the vocational training program provided valuable practical learning about the oil refining processes
The document provides information about Indian Oil Corporation Limited's Digboi Refinery in Assam, India. It discusses [1] the history and introduction of Digboi Refinery as Asia's first refinery established in 1901. [2] It outlines the general safety rules that must be followed by all employees and visitors. [3] It then describes the various mechanical devices and units used in the refining process such as pumps, compressors, heat exchangers, and valves. [4] These units include the atmospheric and vacuum unit, delayed coking unit, catalytic reforming unit, and captive power plant. [5] In conclusion, the vocational training program provided valuable practical learning about the oil refining processes
1 Introduction to Digboi Refinery 2 General Safety Rules 3 Petroleum 4 Devices used in Oil Refinery along with flow chart 5 Different units in IOCL 6 Conclusion INTRODUCTION TO DIGBOI REFINERY Digboi refinery is known as birthplace of the oil Industry in India. It was commissioned on 11 December 1901. It has the distinction of being Asia's first refinery and one of oldest still in operation. GENERAL SAFETY RULES According to the regulations of the plant administration, every employee & visitor in the plant has to adhere to the 11 point General Safety Rules, as mentioned below: •Safety Shoe •Safety Helmet •Spark Arrestor (in exhaust of vehicles) •Photography Prohibited •Speed Limit in plant is 20 kmph •Smoking Banned •Incendiary Items ( matchbox,lighter,etc.) Banned •Use of VCD,VCR Prohibited •Use of Radio Devices Banned •Use Fire Safety Equipments like Extinguishers- DCP,Foam,CO2. •Use of Hydrant Water for other purposes is banned . WHAT IS PETROLEUM?
Petroleum is a naturally occurring, flammable liquid consisting of a complex
mixture of hydrocarbons of various molecular weights and other liquid organic compounds, that are found in geologic formations beneath the Earth's surface. The composition consists roughly of the follows: – 83-87% Carbon – 11-15% Hydrogen – 1-6% Sulfur MECHANICAL DEVICES USED IN OIL REFINERY 1.PUMPS: A pump is a device used to move fluids, such as liquids, gases or slurries. Pumps based on their principle of operation are primarily classified into: • Positive displacement pumps (reciprocating, rotary pumps) • Roto-dynamic pumps (centrifugal pumps)
2.COMPRESSORS: A compressor is a device used to increase the pressure of a
compressible fluid. The types of Compressors can be classified by the following chart: –Reciprocating Compressors –Centrifugal Compressors
3. HEAT EXCHANGER: A heat exchanger is a piece of equipment built for efficient
heat transfer from one medium to another.
4. VALVES: A valve is a mechanical device used to start, stop, control or regulate the flow of a fluid through a pipe. FLOW CHART OF REFINARY UNIT
DCU CRU CDU Transport of crude oil from other companies CPP (Captive Power Plant) VDU
SDU (Dewaxing Unit)
NSU DIFFERENT UNITS IN IOCL A modern refinery consists of a number of sectors for performing different functions. The Crude Oil is passed through these sections in a specific order according to the functions. These are: 1. ATMOSPHERIC & VACUUM UNIT ( AVU ) : The intake of the AVU is CRUDE OIL & after passing through the AVU the output is obtained in the form of many products like: –Raw Naphtha –Light Kero –Heavy Kero –Light Gas Oil –Heavy Gas Oil –Vacuum HSD –Pressurized Wax Distillate (PWD) –Heavy Wax Distillate (HWD) –Vacuum Residue (VR) All these products are obtained in a series of steps which are primarily performed in 3 Units of the AVU: –CRUDE DISTILLATION UNIT ( CDU ) : Process Objective: –To distill and separate valuable distillates (naphtha, kerosene,diesel) and atmospheric gas oil (AGO) from the crude feedstock. –VACUUM DISTILLATION UNIT ( VDU ) : Process Objective: –To recover valuable gas oils from reduced crude via vacuum distillation. –NAPHTHA STABILIZATION UNIT ( NSU ) : Process Objective: To convert the unstable Raw Naphtha obtained from CDU to stabilized naphtha which can be used to make motor spirit. The Naphtha Stabilization Unit is set up after the CDU to obtain usable Naphtha which is very important for further motor fuel synthesis.
2. DELAYED COKING UNIT ( DCU ) : Process Objective: –To convert low value residue to valuable products (naphtha and diesel) and coker-gas oil.
3. CATALYTIC REFORMING UNIT ( CRU ) : Process Objective: –To convert low-
octane naphtha into a high-octane reformate for gasoline blending and/or to provide aromatics (benzene, toluene, and xylene) for petrochemical plants. 4. CAPTIVE POWER PLANT: The Captive Power Plant in the refinery has a rated generating capacity of 45.5 MW electricity, which is used to run the plant as well as supplied to the IOCL township. The Power Generation is done by 4 Gas Turbines
5. SOLVENT DEWAXING UNIT: Solvent treating is a widely used method of
refining lubricating oils as well as a host of other refinery stocks. Solvent dewaxing consists of the following steps: crystallization, filtration, and solvent recovery. In the crystallization step, the feedstock is diluted with the solvent and chilled, solidifying the wax components. The filtration step removes the wax from the solution of dewaxed oil and solvent. CONCLUSION
In the end, it has been a very good learning & enlightening experience to do this Vocational Training in the Digboi Refinery. Coming here, I understood a lot about the processes taking place in an Oil Refinery. The practical exposure has been unbelievable, & this visit will stay with me as a good memory for years to come. THANK YOU
