Metabolic Disorder Class Peternakan
Metabolic Disorder Class Peternakan
Metabolic Disorder Class Peternakan
07/13/2021 lhendraningsih
Kurva Laktasi Susu
Kebutuhan Energi
Kurva Laktasi
Wk -8 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
Calving stress Successful
Depressed Immune system insemination
Acute calcium demand
High forage diet High Conc. Diet
Lowest requirement Highest requirement Production
Fat mobilization &
Lowest rumen repro
Severe are set for
capacity & 50% Slow rise in DMI
drop the
loss in (rumen capacity)
in DMI next 200-
absorption by
papillae days
About Metabolic Disorders
1. Energy metabolism
(ketosis, fatty liver, rumen acidosis)
Energy-Related Disorders
1- Fatty Liver Syndrome
2- Ketosis (Acetonemia)
3- Rumen Acidosis
4- Laminitis (Locomotion Score)
5- Displaced Abomasum
6- Milk Fat Depression
Minerals & Vitamins-Related Disorders
1- Hypocalcemia (Milk Fever)
2- Udder edema
3- Retained Placenta
Disorders Related to Mineral Metabolism
2 - Retained Placenta
Retensi membran plasenta lebih dari 12
jam setelah calving *(twins do not count)
3 - Ketosis
Ketosis atau Acetonemia
Kekurangan glucose merupakan penyebab ketosis atau
acetonemia:
Symptoms:
Typical” bau ketone (acetone) pada pernafasan ;
Kehilangan selera makan, terutama bijian ;
Penurunan mobilitas rumen dan menghasilkan “dry feces”
Kehilangan BB
Ketosis - Prevention
4 - Fatty Liver
Intake rendah pada saat Calving =
Meningkatkan mobilisasi lemak (Blood NEFA)
Dry Matter Intake
Non-
Kg/day
Esterified
25 1000
Fatty
Acids
20 800 um/l
15 600
30 -35% 300%
intake Increased
10 400
depression fat
mobilization
5 200
-2 -1 0 1 2 3
Weeks relative to calving
Grummer, 1993
Mobilisasi Lemak berlebihan = “Liver Problem”
Fatty liver
Low blood glucose
Low insulin
Ketones TG-r-LP
Key:
NEFA = Non-Esterified Fatty Acids Energy FFA Glycerol
FFA = Free fatty acids Milk fat
TG-r-LP = Triglyceride-rich-lipoproteins or (Triglycerides)
Very Low Density Lipoprotein (VLDL)
Ketosis - Prevention
Supplementasi niacin
Suplementasi niacin (6-12g/d) bekerja paling baik
bila hijauan dan konsentrat diberikan secara
terpisah (greatest fluctuation of glucose, insulin,
NEFA and ketones in the blood.)
Band Aid = Metabolic Switch
Propylene glycol
Propylene glycol merupakan prekursor glukosa yang
efektif mengurangi NEFA darah dan fatty liver pada saat
calving dan blood ketones setelah calving
(~300 g/cow/day selama 20 hari dimulai 10 hari sebelum
calving).
5- Displaced Abomasum
Cross Section Abdominal Cavity
L L
A
B B
C
C
A
Abomasum = A C = Omasum
Rumen = B L = Liver
Displaced Abomasum (DA)
(Kesulitan)
calving menyebabkan “open space” pada
rongga abdominal
6- Rumen Acidosis
Acidity In The Digestive System
Feed(Forestomachs)
Glandular
Small intestineLarge intestine
stomach
HCl
Saliva Pancreas Liver Feces
pH
6.0 - 8.0 1.0 - 2.0 6.0 - 7.0
7
2
“Average” pH vs. Length of Time Under 6.0
6.0
Rumen Acidosis - Selera makan buruk
5.5 - Kecernaan selulosa
Sub Acute Rumen Acidosisburuk
5.0 - Pertumbuhan mikroba .
4.5
Acute Rumen Acidosis - Perubahan physiological
0 6 12 18 24 Hours
Rumen Acidosis (Prevention) –
Effective Fiber
Locomotion Score
Score = 1
Jalan cepat/ terburu
buru, punggung bag.
belakang agak
tertarik
Score = 2
Berjalan sangat
lambat slowly,
punggung bag.
belakang agak tertarik
Membentuk busur
Score = 3
Seringkali kurus,
Jalan perlahan, langkah
pendek2. Punggung spt
busur dan sering berhenti
Gigi gemeretuk,
mengeluarkan saliva Stand and walk with an Extreme
arched back difficulty turning
8- Milk Fat Depression
Milk Fat Depression and Forage to
Concentrate Ratio
Total VFA production
(moles/day)
Volatile fatty acids
(VFA) produced
60 %
in the rumen
50
Propionic Acid
40
30 Acetic Acid
20 Butyric Acid
Rumen pH 6.5 6.0 5.5
5.0
Milk production Milk production
and composition (kg/day)
Fat in the
milk (%)
Concentrates 20 40 60 80 % ration dry matter
Forages 80 60 40 20 % ration dry matter
Udder edema
Cause:
Penyebab pasti belum diketahui, umumnya
berkaitan dengan manajemen dan pakan
selama periode kering:
Kelebihangaram (>0.5 lb/d, 230 g/d or 2.5% diet
DM) aggravates the problem
First
calf-heifers (primiparous cows) dengan BCS
yang tll tinggi lebih beresiko.
So How Do We Feed
Sorghum
Other Grains
Lipids (EE 3.5-5.5%)
tallow
by-pass fat (Megalac, Energy Booster)
Pay attention to specific LCFA
So How Do We Feed