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    Uma-L05 (The Human Memory)

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    Anirban Datta Roy.
    The document discusses the three types of human memory: sensory memory, short-term memory, and long-term memory. Sensory memory acts as a buffer for incoming stimuli through the senses and is overwritten quickly. Short-term memory acts as a scratchpad for temporary recall of information, with a limited capacity of 7 items and rapid decay after a few seconds if the information is not rehearsed or encoded into long-term memory.

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    Uma-L05 (The Human Memory)

    Uploaded by

    Anirban Datta Roy.
    20 views18 pages
    The document discusses the three types of human memory: sensory memory, short-term memory, and long-term memory. Sensory memory acts as a buffer for incoming stimuli through the senses and is overwritten quickly. Short-term memory acts as a scratchpad for temporary recall of information, with a limited capacity of 7 items and rapid decay after a few seconds if the information is not rehearsed or encoded into long-term memory.

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    Uma-L05 (the Human Memory)

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    The document discusses the three types of human memory: sensory memory, short-term memory, and long-term memory. Sensory memory acts as a buffer for incoming stimuli through the senses and is overwritten quickly. Short-term memory acts as a scratchpad for temporary recall of information, with a limited capacity of 7 items and rapid decay after a few seconds if the information is not rehearsed or encoded into long-term memory.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    20 views18 pages

    Uma-L05 (The Human Memory)

    Uploaded by

    Anirban Datta Roy.
    The document discusses the three types of human memory: sensory memory, short-term memory, and long-term memory. Sensory memory acts as a buffer for incoming stimuli through the senses and is overwritten quickly. Short-term memory acts as a scratchpad for temporary recall of information, with a limited capacity of 7 items and rapid decay after a few seconds if the information is not rehearsed or encoded into long-term memory.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 18

    HUMAN MEMORY

    Sensory memory
    Short term memory
    Long term memory
    What is memory?
     It is the ability to store and retrieve the information
     Much of our everyday activity relies on memory
     We need to understand some of the capabilities and
    limitations of human memory to answer these
     How does memory works?
     How do we remember some arbitrary list ?
     Why do some people remember more easily than
    others?
    Memory

    There are three types of memory function:

    Sensory memories

    Short-term memory or working memory

    Long-term memory

    Selection of stimuli governed by level of arousal.


    Sensory memory
     It act as “buffers” for stimuli received through
    senses
     A sensory memory exists for each sensory channel
     iconic memory: visual stimulus
     echoic memory: acoustic stimulus
     haptic memory: touch stimulus
     Continuously overwritten by new information
    coming in on these channels
    Sensory memory
     It act as “buffers” for stimuli received through senses
     A sensory memory exists for each sensory channel
     iconic memory: visual stimulus
     echoic memory: acoustic stimulus
     haptic memory: touch stimulus
     Continuously overwritten by new information coming in on
    these channels
     Examples
     Iconic memory: At firework displays where moving “sparklers” leave
    a persistence image, 0.5 sec
     Echoic memory: brief “play back” of information
    Sensory memory
     Information is passed from sensory memory into
    short-term memory by attention
     Attention is the concentration of the mind on one
    out of a number of competing stimuli or thoughts
     It is clear we are able to focus our attention to one
    thing at a time
     This is due to the limited capacity of our sensory
    memory
     Otherwise overloaded
    Sensory memory
     We can choose which stimuli to attend to, and this
    choice is our level of interest or need
     This explains the “cocktail party phenomenon”
     “We can attend to one conversation over the
    background noise, but we may choose to switch our
    attention to a conversation across the room if we here
    our name mentioned”
     Information received by sensory memories is
    quickly passed into more permanent or overwritten
    and lost
    Short-term memory (STM)
     It act as a “Scratch-pad” for temporary recall of
    information
     Examples:
     Calculate the multiplication 35x6 in your head
     Comprehensive test
     rapid access ~ 70ms
     rapid decay ~ 200ms
    Short-term memory (STM)
     STM also has limited capacity- 7± 2 chunks
     There are two methods for measuring memory
    capacity
     Recall the sequence in order
     Recall the sequence in any order
    Try this!
    Try this!

    212348278493202
    Try this!

    212348278493202

    01 21 414 2626
    Short-term memory (STM)
     The successful formation of a chunk is known as
    “closure”
     In Design Focus: Cashing in
     ATM machine
    Short Term Memory (STM):
     In design Focus: 7± 2 revisited
     List, menu and groups of items should be no more than
    7 items long
     Command line interfaces
    Short-term memory (STM)
     Patterns can be useful as aids to memory
    Try this!
     Patterns can be useful as aids to memory
     HEC ATR ANU PTH ETR EET
    Try this!
     Patterns can be useful as aids to memory
     HEC ATR ANU PTH ETR EET

     The sequence is easy to recall (the cat ran up the


    tree)
    Short-term memory (STM):
    The “recency effect”
     Recall of the last words presented is better than
    recall of those in the middle.
     This is known as the “recency effect”

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