The document discusses communication skills, specifically preparing effective business messages and informative and persuasive speaking. It outlines a 5-step process for preparing effective business messages: 1) identify your purpose, 2) analyze your audience, 3) choose your ideas, 4) collect your data, and 5) organize your message. It also discusses the difference between informative and persuasive speaking, with informative aiming to provide facts and persuasive aiming to convince of a viewpoint. Audience analysis is important for both types of speaking.
The document discusses communication skills, specifically preparing effective business messages and informative and persuasive speaking. It outlines a 5-step process for preparing effective business messages: 1) identify your purpose, 2) analyze your audience, 3) choose your ideas, 4) collect your data, and 5) organize your message. It also discusses the difference between informative and persuasive speaking, with informative aiming to provide facts and persuasive aiming to convince of a viewpoint. Audience analysis is important for both types of speaking.
The document discusses communication skills, specifically preparing effective business messages and informative and persuasive speaking. It outlines a 5-step process for preparing effective business messages: 1) identify your purpose, 2) analyze your audience, 3) choose your ideas, 4) collect your data, and 5) organize your message. It also discusses the difference between informative and persuasive speaking, with informative aiming to provide facts and persuasive aiming to convince of a viewpoint. Audience analysis is important for both types of speaking.
The document discusses communication skills, specifically preparing effective business messages and informative and persuasive speaking. It outlines a 5-step process for preparing effective business messages: 1) identify your purpose, 2) analyze your audience, 3) choose your ideas, 4) collect your data, and 5) organize your message. It also discusses the difference between informative and persuasive speaking, with informative aiming to provide facts and persuasive aiming to convince of a viewpoint. Audience analysis is important for both types of speaking.
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Communication Skills
End Term Chapters
Chapter Six
The Process of Preparing Effective Business Messages
Purpose of informative and persuasive speaking Kinds of informative and persuasive speaking. Audience analysis for informative and persuasive speaking. Organization and support for informative and persuasive speaking. 6.1 Process of Preparing Effective Business Messages Five Planning Steps Identify your purpose Analyse your audience Choose your ideas Collect your data Organize your message Planning Steps
Identify your purpose
The objective of your message is almost always twofold: The reason for the message itself. And--- The creation of goodwill. Analyse your audience See your message from your receivers’ point of view: Their Needs, Their Interests, Their Attitude, And--- Their Culture. Continue…
Choose your ideas
The ideas you include depend on the type of message you are sending and that particular situation Cultural context. Continue…
Collect your data
Be sure to collect enough data to support your ideas: Check names, Dates, Addresses, And statistics for precision. Organize your message The order in which you present your ideas is as important as the ideas themselves. Organizing your material before writing your first draft can prevent rambling and unclear message.
Source/; http://learn-communicationskills.blogspot.com/2011/02/process-of-preparing-effective- business.html 6.3 Kinds of speeches
Please click on below link to refer video and blog
http://study.com/academy/lesson/types-of-speeches-informative-persuasive- and-special-occasion.html Difference between Informative and Persuasive
Informative Persuasive 6.2 Purpose of informative and persuasive speaking Informative and persuasive speeches differ in what they want the audience to walk away with: facts or an opinion. Informative speeches (or informational speeches) seek to provide facts, statistics, or general evidence. They are primarily concerned with the transmission of knowledge to the audience. Persuasive speeches are designed to convince the audience that a certain viewpoint is correct. In doing so, the speaker may utilize information. Informative and persuasive speeches are exemplified by academic lectures and sales pitches, respectively. 6.4 Audience Analysis – Kinds of Speakers Self-centric speakers Audience-centric speakers Demographic Analysis How old are they? Men? Women? Mixed? Do they share a common primary language with you? What is their profession? What is their religion? What is their educational level? Are they members of a relevant organization? What is their personality type? Other qualities relevant to your speech? e.g. business leaders, marital status, cell- phone users, avid readers, marathon runners Size of the audience? Are you similar to your audience, or are you different? Are they your peers? e.g. co-workers or classmates Or are they your superiors or subordinates? Psychological Audience Analysis
What has the audience been going through in the days or weeks prior to your speech? What style of presentation does the audience expect? What are people wearing? What time of day are you speaking? What obstacles or distractions exist in the room that may impact your audience?
Source: http://sixminutes.dlugan.com/audience-analysis/ 6.5 Writing informative, Persuasive and Formal Speeches Please click on below link to refer detailed blog http://www.myspeechclass.com/inform.html 6.5 Key Elements of Persuasive Speeches
Please click on below link to refer pictures and detailed article
Dyadic communication. Does and Don'ts of Interview Telephoning Dictating 7.1 Dyadic communication.
A process in which two people interact face to face as senders and receivers, as in a conversation.
Class Activity: Two students were identified as a subject of experiment. Their
personality analyses activity was done with whole class by applying Johari's Window. Johari window The Johari window was created by two American psychologists, Joseph Luft (1916–2014) and Harrington Ingham (1914–1995) in 1955 and is a technique used to help people better understand their relationship with themselves as well as others. During the exercise, subjects are given a list of a few adjectives out of which they need to pick some that they feel describe their own personality. The subject's peers are then given the same list, and each pick equal number of adjectives that describe the subject. These very adjectives are then inserted into a grid. The philosopher Charles Handy calls this concept the Johari House with four rooms. Room 1 is the part of ourselves that we see and others see. Room 2 is the aspects that others see but we are not aware of. Room 4 is the most mysterious room in that the unconscious or subconscious part of us is seen by neither ourselves nor others. Room 3 is our private space, which we know but keep from others. Open or Arena: Adjectives that are selected by both the participant and his or her peers are placed into the Open or Arenaquadrant. This quadrant represents traits of the subjects that both they themselves and their peers are aware of. Hidden or Façade: Adjectives selected only by subjects, but not by any of their peers, are placed into the Hidden or Façade quadrant, representing information about them their peers are unaware of. It is then up to the subject to disclose this information or not. Blind : Adjectives that are not selected by subjects but only by their peers are placed into the Blind Spot quadrant. These represent information that the subject is not aware of, but others are, and they can decide whether and how to inform the individual about these "blind spots". Unknown: Adjectives that were not selected by either subjects or their peers remain in the Unknown quadrant, representing the participant's behaviours or motives that were not recognized by anyone participating. This may be because they do not apply or because there is collective ignorance of the existence of these traits. Johari adjectives A Johari window consists of the following 55 adjectives used as possible descriptions of the participant. able clever giving kind organized responsive spontaneous
Students were asked to perform the scenario of telephonic dictation of manager
and employs. They were briefed about the process of effective communication first and afterwards several class activities were done to achieve maximum improvements. Process of effective communication Sample of class activity Chapter Eight
Purpose in oral presentation
Comparing written and oral messages Planning strategies for your presentation Choosing information to include in your presentation. Organizing your information. Delivering an effective presentation Handling questions. Group Presentation Please click on below link to address below mentioned topics: Purpose in oral presentation Planning strategies for your presentation Choosing information to include in your presentation. Organizing your information. Delivering an effective presentation Handling questions.
http://www4.stat.ncsu.edu/~davidian/st810a/oralpresent_handout.pdf http://twp.duke.edu/uploads/media_items/oral-presentation- handout.original.pdf Written vs. Oral Communication
Most people intuitively understand that there are differences between oral and written language. It is important to realize that speech is genuinely different from written prose, and one should not use the logic of oral language in formal academic writing. In more formal writing, choosing the “right words” depends partly on whether they are appropriate for the writing situation, and whether they express an exact meaning. As a rule of thumb, the audience will remember about one-half of what was said. Written language is saved for posterity with the assumption that 100% of it will be read, understood, and remembered. Source: www.uiw.edu/owc/.../Written%20vs%20Oral%20Communication.doc EFFECTIVE WRITTEN LANGUAGE is ORAL LANGUAGE is • Precise and direct. • A dynamic transfer of information. • Chosen with greater deliberation • Everyday spoken language, including and thought.. some cultural expressions, such as • More sophisticated, and developed. “go crazy.” • Less personal. • Able to engage the audience • Driven by logic, organization, and psychologically and to use complex explicitness forms of non-verbal communication. • Achieved through sentence length, • Retractable (one can apologize for a complex language style. mistake or offer clarification) • Validated by author’s credibility. • Highly subjective • Objective. • Spontaneous • Non-retractable (it’s forever… and • Dependent upon orientation signals so are mistakes and flaws). (for example, “Well, in the first • Planned and deliberate. place”), and projection terms (for example, “It seems to me”) to soften the tone • Conversational and indirect Group Presentations
Please click on below link to refer videos and articles related to above mentioned topic: http://collegelife.about.com/od/academiclife/a/How-To-Give-A-Great-Grou p-Presentation.htm http://www.wikihow.com/Give-a-Group-Presentation Chapter Nine
Making formal effective speech
Determination of presentation methods Consideration of personal aspects Audience analysis (Please refer to previous slides, discussed in chapter 7) Planning and Delivering Formal Speech
Brainstorming was done with students to recall all the speeches which they have listened and consider them formal. Afterwards, groups were made to categorise different speeches along with highlighting characteristics of each speech.
Please refer to below link for brief tips:
https://web.extension.illinois.edu/jsw/downloads/27058.pdf Determination of presentation methods
Reading (Reading from slides or notes)
Memorising (Memorising all the contents word to word) Presenting Extemporaneously (Outlining basic ideas by organising them through PPT or notes and delivering them based on understanding of ideas rather then reading or memorising the contents)
Source: https://books.google.com.pk/books? id=i_ue1YnocxoC&pg=PA436&lpg=PA436&dq=Determination+of+presentation+methods .&source=bl&ots=ikqSnfH5-Y&sig=gSRh1e3-- NHAQn8PPIgB93rmXjQ&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjviImi47rMAhVBfRoKHcV8DxoQ6AEI OTAE#v=onepage&q=Determination%20of%20presentation%20methods.&f=false Consideration of personal aspects
There are three main personal aspects of speaker:
1. His / Her motivation in giving the presentation (Speaker will have direct reward in terms of money or will have indirect reward in terms of feeling good about helping others) 2. His / Her credibility as a speaker (His/her trustworthiness, competence, and good will. It may also includes the attractive and dynamic personality) 3. His / Her delivery or speaking style (Type of presentation and its objectives) Chapter Ten
Students were assigned to bring different official documents to discuss their
characteristics by comparing and contrasting. Afterwards, each student was assign to work in group to prepare below documents. Below documents were discussed during classes: Notice Circular Memorandum of Understanding Contract Formal Letter Application Minutes of Meeting
