Assingment On Nomenclature OF Organic Compound: Submitted To: DR - Shobha Thakur Submitted By: Ritik Dwivedi 18BSPCM020
Assingment On Nomenclature OF Organic Compound: Submitted To: DR - Shobha Thakur Submitted By: Ritik Dwivedi 18BSPCM020
Assingment On Nomenclature OF Organic Compound: Submitted To: DR - Shobha Thakur Submitted By: Ritik Dwivedi 18BSPCM020
NOMENCLATURE
OF
ORGANIC COMPOUND
Hexane-2-one
Ethane-1,2-diol
Ehane-1,2-dioic acid
RULES FOR NAMING ALIPHATIC COMPOUND HAVING
POLYFUNCTIONAL GROUP
1.The first step in the naming of poly functional
compounds is the selection of principal functional group
on the basis of higher priority.
5-Formy-3-hydroxy-2-nitropentanoic acid
3.Select the corresponding root word for the
chain selected.
4. Number the carbon atoms of chain selected
from the end
so that the various groups get as small numbers
as possible
5.
andAttach to the root
the principal word the
functional primary
group getssuffix
the lowest
representing
number. the nature of carbon-carbon bond in
selected chain .
6. Add suitable prefixes and secondary suffixes wi
their
respective numbers of attachment to parent chain
as to
denote the number and position of each substitue
or
NOMENCLATURE OF POLYFUNCTIONAL COMPOUNDS
ONTAINING MORE THAN TWO LIKE FUNCTIONAL GROUP
Butane-1,2,4-tricarbonitrile Propane-1,2,3-
tricaroaldehyde
NOMENCLATURE OF ALICYCLIC COMPOUNDS
Cyclopropan
e
In case the alkane chain contains greater number of
carbon atom than present in the ring ,the
compound is considered as the derivative of alkane
and ring is designated as a substituent.
1-Cyclobutylpentane 2-Cyclopropylbutane
2.Cycloalkenes and cycloalkanes :
Cyclobutene
Cyclohexene
3-
Methylcyclohexene
ALICYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING
FUNCTIONAL GROUP
Alicyclic alcohols , aldehydes, amines ketones , acid etc. are named in the
same fashion as corresponding aliphatic compound by prefixing the word
cyclo before the name.
Cyclohexanone Cyclobutanamine
If an alicyclic ring is directly attached to a carbon containing
functional group , then the carbon atom of the functional group is
not included in the parent name of the alicyclic system.
Cyclohexanecarboxylic acid
Cyclohexanecarboaldehyde
In case of cyclic ketone any functional group present in the
ring is treated as substituent and keto group is always treated
as principal functional group .This rule is applicable till the
number of carbon in substituent is less or equal to the
number of carbon atom present in the ring.
2-Carboxycyclohexanone 3-Formylcyclohexanone
NOMENCLATURE OF
AROMATIC COMPOUNDS
1. A six membered closed chain structure with alternate single
and double bonds is known as benzene nucleus or ring . The root
word for benzene derivative is benzene.
Hdroxybenzene
Methylbenzene
3.A carbon chain connected to one of the carbon atom of
the benzene ring through a carbon atoms , other atom
those of simple functional group is called side chain . The
side chain substituent are generally named as aliphatic
compounds in which the aromatic portion is shown as a
substituent.
1,2-Dimethylbenzene m-Dihydroxybenzene
If two substituents are different and the
compound has no special name on account of
any substituent the two substituent are
named successively in alphabetical order and
name end with suffix benzene.
1-Bromo-2-cholrobenzene
1-Bromo-3-nitrobenzene
If one of group is such tat it gave special name to the
compound is named as its derivative and the special
group is assigned the position 1.
The position of numbers are always designated by the
lowest combination of numbers
2,4,6-Trinitrophenol