Basics of Chemistry
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About this ebook
The book Basics of Chemistry is written for the students of Class XI - XII. The main objective of this chemistry book is to provide basic references of chemistry in a comprehensible manner for the beginners. The content of each chapter is easily understanding of the definitions, theories and principles with proper examples. The book is maintaining the chemical equations by a choice of methods in simple ways, that will be easy for the readers, for this reason this book is very useful for student who preparing for various competitive examinations.
Topic covers in the book is introduction Chemistry, Organic Chemistry, Atomic Theory, Periodic Table, Bonds, Quantum Numbers, Equations & Reactions, Orbital Filling, Solution, Acid & Bases and Intermolecular Forces.
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Book preview
Basics of Chemistry - Knowledge Flow
Basics of Chemistry
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Contents
Chapter 1: Introduction
Chapter 2: Organic Chemistry
Chapter 3: Atomic Theory
Chapter 4: Periodic Table
Chapter 5: Bonds
Chapter 6: Quantum Numbers
Chapter 7: Equations & Reactions
Chapter 8: Orbital Filling
Chapter 9: Solution
Chapter 10: Acid & Bases
Chapter 11: Intermolecular Forces
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1
Introduction
Introduction
C
hemistry deals with the composition, formation and properties of matter. This slant can be best described and understood in terms of basic unit of matter: atoms and molecules. Any material substance with mass & volume is called matter. There are three phases of matter.
Solid - Solid has definite shape and definite volume.
Liquid - Liquid has indefinite shape, takes the shape of the container and definite volume.
Gas - Gas has indefinites shape, takes the shape of the container and indefinite volume that can expand and be compressed.
Chemistry is the science of molecules and their transformations. It is the science not so much of the one hundred elements but of the infinite variety of molecules that may be built from them
-Roald Hoffmann
Importance of Chemistry
Science can be viewed as a continuing human toil to systematize mastery for describing and understanding nature. For the cause of comfort science is sub-divided into various disciplines: chemistry, physics, biology, geology etc. Chemistry is the limb of science that studies the composition, properties and interaction of matter. Chemists are enquiring in knowing how chemical transformations occur.
Chemistry plays a mean role in science and is often entwine with other branches of science like physics, biology, geology etc. Chemistry also plays an important character in daily life. Chemical principles are important in diverse areas, such as: weather composition, functioning of brain and working of a computer. Chemical industries produce fertilizers, alkalis, acids, alloys, dyes, polymers, drugs, metals, detergents, soaps, salts and other inorganic and organic chemicals, including new materials, accord in a big way to the national economy.
Chemistry plays an chief role in meeting human necessitate for food, health care products and other materials aimed at improving the quality of life. This is typified by the large scale production of a variety of fertilizers, improved difference of pesticides and insecticides. Similarly many lives save medicine such as cisplatin and taxol, are effective in cancer therapy and