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    Cbse Class 10 Civics: Power Sharing

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    Cbse Class 10 Civics: Power Sharing

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    240 views17 pages

    Cbse Class 10 Civics: Power Sharing

    Uploaded by

    nandini1sharma-41768
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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 17

    CBSE CLASS 10 CIVICS

    POWER SHARING
    INTRODUCTION

     Power sharing is the distribution of powers among the organs


    of the government like Legislature, Executive and Judiciary.
    It is an essential step to ensure the stability of the political
    order.
     Power sharing also includes sharing at the different levels like
    Union, State and Local levels.
     In this chapter we will discuss two stories i.e. from Belgium
    and Sri Lanka and draw conclusions about the need of Power
    sharing.
    BELGIUM – CASE STUDY
    • It is a small country in Europe. It
    borders with France,
    Netherlands, Luxembourg and
    Germany. The ethnic composition
    of this small country is very
    complex.
    • 59% of the population living in
    the Flemish region speaks Dutch
    language. Whereas 40% living in
    the Wallonia region speak French
    and remaining 1% speak German.
    BELGIUM – CASE STUDY

     In the capital city Brussels, 80% of people speakFrench while 20%


    are Dutch – speaking. The minority French – speaking people were
    relatively rich and powerful. This was resented by the Dutch
    speaking community who got the economic development and
    education much later.

     This led to tensions between the Dutch and French speaking


    communities during the 1950’s and 1960’s. The tension was more
    acute in Brussels. The Dutch speaking people constituted a majority
    in the country but minority in the capital.
    ACCOMODATION IN BELGIUM

     The Belgium leaders took a different path. Between1970


    and 1993, they amended their constitution four times that
    would enable everyone to live together.
    The State government are not
    subordinate to the Central government.
    The
    ManyState
    powers
    government
    of the Central
    are not
    subordinate
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    the Central
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    to the
    ManyState
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    of the Central
    government have been given to the
    State Government.

    Elements of Belgian
    model

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    SRI LANKA– CASE STUDY

    It is an island nation just a few


    Kilometres off the southern coast of
    Tamil Nadu, having a diverse
    population. The major social groups
    are the Sinhala speakers(74%) and
    Tamil speakers(18%). Among
    Tamils there are two sub- groups
    that were Sri-Lankan –Tamils
    (13%) and Indian- Tamils (5%).
    SRI LANKA– CASE STUDY

     Most of the Sinhala speaking people are Buddhist while


    Tamils are Hindus or Muslims. There were about 7%
    Christians who are both Sinhala and Tamil.
     Tamil natives of the country are called ‘Sri-Lankan
    Tamils’(13 percent).The rest, whose forefathers came from
    India as plantation workers during colonial period, are
    called, ‘Indian Tamils’.
    MAJORITARINISM IN SRI LANKA

    Majoritarianism signifies a belief that the majority community


    should be able to rule a country in whichever way it wants to. It
    disregard the wishes and needs of the minority.

    Sri-Lanka emerged as an independent country in 1948. The leaders


    of the Sinhala community sought to secure dominance over the
    government by virtue of their majority. As a result, the
    democratically elected government adopted a series of
    MAJORITARIAN measures to establish Sinhala supremacy.
    MAJORITARIAN MEASURES

    The government
    A New
    In 1956,an act followed
    constitution
    was passed to preferential
    stipulated that
    recognize Sinhala policies that
    the State shall
    as the only favored the
    protect and foster
    official language. Sinhala
    Buddhism.
    MAJORITARINISM IN SRI LANKA

     All these policies increased the feeling of alienation


    among Tamils and they started forming their own political
    parties and demanded an independent state in northern
    and eastern parts of Sri Lanka.
     The distrust between two communities turned into a civil
    war. It has caused a terrible setback to the social, cultural
    and economic life of the country.
    CONCLUSION OF BOTH CASES

    Belgium Sri Lanka

     Sri Lanka shows us a


     In Belgium, leaders have contrasting example. It shows
    realized that the unity of that if majority community
    the country id possible only wants to force its dominance
    by respecting the feelings over others and refuses to
    and interests of different share power, it can undermine
    communities and regions. the unity of the country.
    WHY POWER SHARING IS DESIRABLE?
     Power sharing is good because it helps to reduce the
    possibility of conflict between social groups. It is a good way
    to ensure stability of political order.
     Secondly, power sharing is the spirit of democracy. A
    democratic rule involves sharing power with those affected by
    its exercise and who have to live with its effects.
    So, the first reason is prudential and second reason is moral.
    While prudential reason stress that power sharing will bring
    better outcomes and moral reasons emphasizes the very act
    of power sharing as valuable.
    FORMS OF POWER SHARING
    There are four forms of power sharing :
    1. Power is shared among different organs of the government such as legislature,
    executive and judiciary. This is called horizontal distribution of power because it allows
    different organs of government placed at the same level to exercise different powers.
    None of the organs can exercise unlimited power. Each organ checks the others. This
    arrangement is called a system of checks and balances.

    LEGISLATURE EXECUTIVE JUDICIARY

    INDIAN GOVERNMENT
    FORMS OF POWER SHARING

    CENTRAL \UNION
    2. Power can be shared among governments GOVERNMENT
    at different levels like at the central, state
    and local levels. A general government for
    the entire country is called federal
    government.
    STATE GOVERNMENT
    A type of distribution of power which involves
    the higher and lower levels of government
    such as central, provincial or regional levels is
    called vertical division of power. LOCAL GOVERNMENT
    FORMS OF POWER SHARING

    3. Power may also be shared among different social groups


    such as linguistic and religious groups. Community
    government in Belgium is a good example of this
    arrangement.
    4. Power sharing can also be done among different political
    parties. Sometimes this kind of sharing can be direct
    when two political parties form a coalition government
    and bring influence on the decision-making process.
    THANK YOU

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