Mba-Ai Speech and Natural Language Processing (NLP) Technologies

MBA-AI
Speech and Natural Language

Processing (NLP) Technologies
Prof. Brian Mak

Department of Computer Science and Engineering
Schedule, Syllabus,
Readings, and Project
Schedule: 2019/11/16
 AI and business
 Speech technologies
 Automatic speech recognition (ASR)
 Speech synthesis (text-to-speech TTS)
 Visual speech recognition / Lipreading
 Video to speech (vid2speech)
 Other ASR applications
3
Schedule: 2019/11/23
 Speaker recognition technology
 recognition/verification (SR/SV)
 Speaker diarization
 Natural language processing technologies
 Word/sentence/document embedding
 NLP applications
 Chatbot
 Colab demo (if possible)
4
General Readings: Book
Authors: 3 economists from Authors: CTIO and MD

the University of Toronto of ITBR at Accenture
5
General Readings: Web / App
 McKinsey Insights on AI
 An executive’s guide to AI
 Notes from the AI frontier: Applications and value
of deep learning
 TechEmergence
 Similar to McKinsey, more about AI for business
 Medium (from Twitter co-founder)
 More technical
6
Assessment
 Written report: 50%
 Business plan
 Oral presentation (on exam date): 50%
 Group project
7
AI and Business
Top 10 Best Paying Jobs in Gig Economy
1. AI / Deep learning US$115/hr

2. Blockchain US$87
3. Robotics US$77
4. Ethical hacking (to prevent cyberattacks) US$66
5. Cryptocurrency US$65
6. Amazon web service developers US$51
7. AR / VR US$50 …
… [https://www.entrepreneur.com/slideshow/309958 (2019 Feb) ]

9
What is AI?
 The ability to perform human cognitive
functions
 perceiving, reasoning, learning
 interacting with the environment
 problem solving
 even exercising creativity
[https://www.mckinsey.com/business-functions/mckinsey-analytics/our-insights/an-executives-guide-to-ai]
10
Deep Learning (DL)
 DL AI
 Deep learning is one of many machine learning
algorithms
 Machine learning is one area of AI
 But currently the most excitements about AI
are attributed to DL
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Father of Deep Learning
 Alexey Ivakhnenko (1913 – 2007)
Published 1965! 12
Contributors of Deep Learning
DNN:
Geoffrey Hinton (1947 -)
UT / Google Brain
CNN:
Yann LeCun (1960 -)
Bell Labs; NYU; Facebook
LSTM-RNN:
Jürgen Schmidhuber (1963 -)
Dalle Molle Institute for Artificial
Intelligence Research, Switzerland
13
3 Pillars of AI
14
Convergence of Big Data and AI
learning
analysis
http://medicalfuturist.com/
Economist’s Perspective
 Current AI is more about prediction
 Given an image, predict what objects it contains
 Given a speech, predict its words
 Prediction is central to decision-making
 AI makes prediction cheap
 When AI is cheap, AI is everywhere
 there will be new businesses
 New business strategy
16
Amazon’s Anticipatory Shipping
 During online shopping on Amazon, it will offer
you suggestions
 Currently, Amazon’s AI predicts what you will
buy at an accuracy of ~5%
 What happens if the accuracy goes up to, say,
80%?
 Amazon obtained a patent in 2013 on
something called “anticipatory shipping”
17
Credit Card Fraud Detection
 What happens when there is fraudulent
transaction on your credit card?
 You’d better check your statement every month
 Hopefully the transaction will be reversed
 Accuracy of fraud detection
 1990+: 80%
 2000: 90-95%
 Today: 98 – 99.9%
• What can card providers do now?
18
AI + HI
 Camelyon Grand Challenge 2016
 Breast cancer detection from slides of biopsies
 Winner: MIT/Harvard’s AI team, 92.5%
 Human pathologist: 96.6%
 Combined: 99.5% !!
 It turns out HI is right when there is cancer; AI
is right when there is no cancer.
19
AI Risks
 Liability risks
 Algorithms may amplify existing societal biases
 Fake news; meddling of 2016 US election
 Input data risks: Garbage in, garbage out
 Training data risks
 Bing copies Google
 Feedback data risks
 Microsoft’s Twitter chabot named Tay (2016)
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AI and the World
 Is this the end of jobs?

 Will equality get worse?
 Will a few huge companies control everything?
 Will some countries have an advantage?
 Is it the end of humankind?
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MBA-AI

Speech and Natural Language

Prof. Brian Mak

Authors: 3 economists from Authors: CTIO and MD

1. AI / Deep learning US$115/hr

… [https://www.entrepreneur.com/slideshow/309958 (2019 Feb) ]

 Is this the end of jobs?

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