Nothing Special   »   [go: up one dir, main page]
Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 409 views

    Truncus Cerebri

    Uploaded by

    dewi najira
    The document describes the anatomy and structures of the truncus cerebri (brainstem). It discusses the location of the truncus cerebri and its components including the mesencephalon, pons, and medulla oblongata. It describes the external and internal structures of these regions such as cranial nerve nuclei, long tracts, and the formatio reticularis. Specific structures of the medulla, pons, and mesencephalon are also outlined such as the olives, pyramids, and colliculi.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Truncus Cerebri

    Uploaded by

    dewi najira
    409 views42 pages
    The document describes the anatomy and structures of the truncus cerebri (brainstem). It discusses the location of the truncus cerebri and its components including the mesencephalon, pons, and medulla oblongata. It describes the external and internal structures of these regions such as cranial nerve nuclei, long tracts, and the formatio reticularis. Specific structures of the medulla, pons, and mesencephalon are also outlined such as the olives, pyramids, and colliculi.

    Original Description:

    Original Title

    Truncus cerebri

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    The document describes the anatomy and structures of the truncus cerebri (brainstem). It discusses the location of the truncus cerebri and its components including the mesencephalon, pons, and medulla oblongata. It describes the external and internal structures of these regions such as cranial nerve nuclei, long tracts, and the formatio reticularis. Specific structures of the medulla, pons, and mesencephalon are also outlined such as the olives, pyramids, and colliculi.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    409 views42 pages

    Truncus Cerebri

    Uploaded by

    dewi najira
    The document describes the anatomy and structures of the truncus cerebri (brainstem). It discusses the location of the truncus cerebri and its components including the mesencephalon, pons, and medulla oblongata. It describes the external and internal structures of these regions such as cranial nerve nuclei, long tracts, and the formatio reticularis. Specific structures of the medulla, pons, and mesencephalon are also outlined such as the olives, pyramids, and colliculi.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 42

    Truncus Cerebri

    Muhammad Iqbal Basri


    Anatomy Department
    Hasanuddin University
    Truncus cerebri
     Posisi – terletak pada
    fossa cranii posterior,
    Bersama dengan
    cerebellum
     Foramen magnum –
    batas caudal
     Ke cranial melanjutkan
    diri menjadi diencephalon
    Truncus cerebri

    Terdiri dari
     Mesencephalon

     Pons

     Medulla oblongata
    Truncus cerebri
     Struktur externa
     Struktur interna :
    komponen utama truncus
    cerebri
     Nuclei nervi craniales
     Long tracts: ascendens,
    descendens
     Cerebellar activity
     Formatio reticularis and
    related structures
    Medulla oblongata
    Ventral surface
     Pyramis: contain pyramidal
    tract (corticospinal tract)
     Decussatio pyramidalis:
    formed by crossing fibers of tractus
    corticospinalis
     Oliva : produced by underlying
    nucleus olivarius inferior
     Sulcus anterolateral: rootlets of
    nervus hypoglossus emerge from it
     Sulcus retroolivarius: rootlets
    of glossopharyngeal, vagus and
    accessory nerves emerge from it

    Systematic Anatomy, http://www.course.sdu.edu.cn


    Medulla oblongata
    Dorsal surface
     Lower portion
     Tuberculum gracilis: produced
    by underlying nucleus gracilis
     Tuberculum cuneatum: marks
    the site of nucleus cuneatus
     Pedunculus cerebelli inferior
     Obex

    Systematic Anatomy, http://www.course.sdu.edu.cn


    Pons
    Ventral surface
     Pars basilaris
     Sulcus basilaris
     Sulcus bulbopontine: from
    medial to lateral, the abducent,
    facial and vestibulocochlear
    nerves appear
     Pedunculus cerebellarius
    medius
     Nervus trigeminus
     Trigonum pontocerebellaris:
    the junction of medulla, pons and
    cerebellum

    Systematic Anatomy, http://www.course.sdu.edu.cn


    Pons
    Dorsal surface
     Pedunculus
    cerebellarius superior
     Pedunculus
    cerebellaris medius
    (brachium pontis)
     Velum medullaris
    superior

    Systematic Anatomy, http://www.course.sdu.edu.cn


    Mesencephalon
    Ventral surface
     Crus cerebri
     Fossa
    interpeduncularis
    nervus oculomotorius
    emerge from medial of crus cerebri
     Substantia perforata
    posterior
    Mesencephalon
    Dorsal surface
     Colliculus superior
    constitute centers for
    visual reflexes
     Colliculus inferior
    associated with auditory
    pathway
     Brachium colliculus
    superior
     Brachium colliculus
    inferior
    Ventriculus quartus
    Central canal →fourth ventricle →mesencephalic aqueduct→third ventricle

    Position
     Situated ventral to
    cerebellum, and
    dorsal to pons and
    cranial half of
    medulla
    Fossa Rhomboidea
    Batas-batas:
     Inferolateral: gracile
    and cuneate tubercles,
    inferior cerebellar
    peduncle
     Superolateral: superior
    cerebellar peduncle
     Recessus lateralis
    Struktur eksterna
     Sulcus medianus
     Sulcus limitans
     Area vestibularis overlies
    nucleus vestibularis
     Acoustic tubercle overlying
    dorsal cochlear nucleus
     Eminentia medialis
     Stria medullaris
     Colliculus facialis: overlies
    nucleus of abducent n. and genu
    of facial nerve
     Trigonum nervus
    hypoglossus : overlying
    hypoglossal nucleus
     Trigonum nervus vagus:
    overlies dorsal nucleus of vagus
    nerve
    Roof of fossa
    rhomboidea
     Anterior part: formed by
    superior cerebellar peduncle
    and superior medullary
    velum
     Posterior part: formed by
    inferior medullary velum and
    choroid plexus of fourth
    ventricle
     Three apertures
     Foramen magendii (medial,1)
     Foramen Luschae (lateral, 2)
    Struktur interna
    Substantia grisea
     Nuclei nervi craniales
     Nuclei relay
    Struktur interna
    truncus cerebri

    •Tegmentum
    •Tectum
    •Pars basilaris
    17
    Mesencepahalon
     Tectum mesencephalon:
    includes superior and inferior
    colliculi
     Pedunculus cerebri
     Tegmentum :
    contain ascending tracts, central gray
    matter, recticular formation and so on
     Substantia nigra
     Crus cerebri :
     Tractus pyramidalis－ middle three-
    fifths of the crus:
     Tractus frontopontine medial one-
    fifth:
     Tractus parietotempopontine
    lateral one-fifth
    General somatic motor nuclei

     Nucleus n.oculomotoris
     Nucleus n.trochlearis
     Nucleus n.abducens
     Nucleus n.hypoglossus
    General somatic motor nuclei

    Nucleus Site Cranial n. Function

    Nucleus of Midbrain Ⅲ Supreior, inferior,and


    medial recti, inf. obliquus,
    Oculomotor n. levator palpebrae superioris

    Nucleus of Midbrain Ⅳ Superior obliquus


    trochlear n.
    Nucleus of Pons Ⅵ Lateral rectus
    abducent n.
    Nucleus of Medulla Ⅻ Muscles of tongue
    hypoglossal n.
    Special visceral motor nuclei

     Nucleus motoric n.trigeminus


     Nucleus n.facialis
     Nucleus ambiguus
     Nucleus accessorius
    Special visceral motor nuclei
    Nucleus Site Cranial n. Function

    Motor nucleus of Pons Ⅴ Masticatory muscles


    trigeminal n.
    Nucleus of facial n. Pons Ⅶ Facial m., platysma,
    posterior belly of digastric,
    stylohyoid, stapedius

    Nucleus ambiguus Medulla Ⅸ,Ⅹ.Ⅺ Skeletal m. of pharynx,


    larynx and upper part of
    esophagus
    Accessory nucleus Medulla- Ⅺ Sternocleidomastoid,
    cervical cord trapezius
    General visceral motor nuclei

     Accessory
    oculomotor nucleus
     Nucleus salivatorius
    superior
     Nucleus salivatorius
    inferior
     Nucleus dorsalis
    n.vagus
    General visceral motor nuclei
    Nucleus Site Cranial n. Function

    Accessory Midbrain Ⅲ Sphincter pupillae and


    oculomotor nucleus ciliary m.

    Superior salivatory Pons Ⅶ Submandibular,


    nucleus sublingual and lacrimal
    glands
    Inferior salivatory Medulla Ⅸ Parotid gland
    nucleus

    Dorsal nucleus of medulla Ⅹ Many cervical,


    vagus n. thoracic and abdominal
    viscera
    Visceral sensory nuclei ( general and special )

     Nucleus tractus solitarius

    Systematic Anatomy, http://www.course.sdu.edu.cn


    Visceral sensory nuclei ( general and special )

    Nucleus Site Cranial n. Function

    Nucleus of Medulla Ⅶ,Ⅸ,Ⅹ Taste and visceral


    solitary tract sensation
    General somatic sensory nuclei

     Nucleus
    mesencephalicus
    n.trigeminus
     Nucleus pontine
    n.trigeminus
     Nucleus spinalis n.
    trigeminus

    Systematic Anatomy, http://www.course.sdu.edu.cn


    General somatic sensory nuclei
    Nucleus Site Cranial n. Function
    Mesencephalic Midbrain Ⅴ Proprioception
    nucleus of of head
    trigeminal n.
    Pontine nucleus Pons Ⅴ Tactile sensation
    of trigeminal n. of head

    Spinal nucleus of Medulla Ⅴ Pain and


    trigeminal n. temperature
    sense of head
    Special somatic sensory nuclei

     Nucleus cochlearis

     Nucleus vestibularis
    Special somatic sensory nuclei

    Nucleus Site Cranial n. Function

    Cochlear Pons and Ⅷ Sense of hearing


    nuclei medulla

    Vestibular Pons and Ⅷ Sense of


    nuclei medulla equilibrium
    Relay nuclei
     Nucleus gracilis
     Nucleus cuneatus
     Nucleus olivarius inferior
     Nucleus olivarius superior
     Pontine nucleus
     Nucleus of inferior colliculus
     Gray matter layers of
    superior colliculus
     Nucleus ruber
     Substantia nigra
     Pretectal area

    Systematic Anatomy, http://www.course.sdu.edu.cn


    Non-cranial nerve nuclei
    Nucleus Site

    Gracile nucleus Medulla (underneath gracile tubercle)


    Cuneate nucleus Medulla (underneath cuneate tubercle)

    Superior olivery nucleus Pons


    Pontine nucleus pons
    Nucleus of inferior colliculus Midbrain
    Gray matter layers of superior Midbrain
    colliculus
    Red nucleus Midbrain

    Substantia nigra Midbrain


    Pretectal area Midbrain
    Long tract
    Tractus ascendens
     Lemniscus medialis
     Lemniscus spinalis
     Lemniscus trigeminus
     Lemniscus lateralis
    Medial lemniscus
    Spinal lemniscus
    Lemniscus trigeminus
    Tractus descendens

     Tractus corticospinalis
     Tractus rubrospinalis
     Tractus tectospinalis
     Tractus vestibulospinalis
     Tractus reticulospinalis
    Lemniscus lateral
    Formatio reticularis

     Ascending reticular
    activating system
    (ARAS)
     Motor central and
    vital centres
     Reticulospinal tract
     Cardiovascular center
    and respiratory center
     Raphe nuclei -
    serotonin
    References
     Gray’s Anatomy of the Human Body, by Henry Gray,
    13th ed. Philadelphia 1918
     Agur, Anne M.R, Dalley, Arthur F.Grant's Atlas of
    Anatomy, 12th Edition.
     Gray’s Anatomy for student
     Handbook of Anatomy
     Atlas of Spatelholz
     Systematic Anatomy, http://www.course.sdu.edu.cn

    41
    THANK YOU

    42

    You might also like