Prashant

Name : Prashant Yadav
Topic : Network Concept

Std : 8-E
Submitted by ; Prashant submitted to ; Hardik Sir
07.06.19 Radiant English Academy Pg;01

 A Computer Network is a set of computer
connected together for the purpose of sharing
resources.
 The most common resource shared today
connection to the Internet.
 Other shared resources can include a printer or
a file server.
 The Internet itself can be considered a
Computer Network.
A Computer Network can be defined as a group of
computer & other peripheral devices that are linked
together for the purpose of sharing data & hardware
resources.
The computer in a network can communicate with
each other as well as work independently. Each
computer in a network is called a Node.
One of these nodes acts as a Sender that transmits the
information to other nodes in the network known as
Receivers.
 Efficient use of Storage Media : It is more
economical to store an application software on
a network drive than to store a copy of the
application on each user’s storage device. It is
better to have one big hard disk in the server
than to have small hard disks in different
computer.
 Preserving Information : It is difficult to
maintain regular backups on a number of
stand-alone computer. When you keep
backups on a central location, you have one
place to look for the lost information.
Reduction in Hardware Costs : In a network, devices
that are not used often like modems, printers, scanners,
CD-writers, etc.., can be shared. This reduces the total
expenditure on hardware.
Efficiency : In a network, the deletion, modification, or
up gradation of the software/data is to be done at a
single point only. This brings more efficiency &
effectiveness into the working system.
Redundancy : A network reduces the need for hard
copies of all document. Sharing the soft copy of a file
over the network eliminates or greatly reduces the need
to share hard copies of reports or any other information.
Quickest Document Delivery : networking provides a
facility to instantly deliver soft copies from one
computer to the other computer throughout the world.
 Data can be transmitted from one location to
another by using wires or without the use of
wires.
 Ethernet Cables : An Ethernet cables is one of
the most popular from of network cable used
in wired network. This cable resembles a phone
cable, but is larger than the phone cable and
has eight wires. Ethernet cables connect various
devices such as PC, routers, switches within a
local area network.
Coaxial Cables : A coaxial cables is used in the
transmission of videos, communication signals,&
audio. It is mainly used by the cable television
industry to connect TVs to a cable TV service.
However, the cable cab also be used in network &
has high bandwidth and greater transmission
capacity. A coaxial cable consists of central copper
wire surrounded by insulation & ten a shield of
braided wire.
Optical Fiber Cable : Fiber optics is a popular
technology that has a larger capacity to transfer data
at very high speed. A optic cable consists of a central
glass core containing a bundle of glass treads,
surrounded by several layers of protective
materials. The glass threads are capable of
transmitting data converted into light signals at
extremely high speed.
 Depending on the geographical area covered
by a network, there are various types of
computer network used by worldwide.
 PAN is a computer network that covers a small
area of about 10 metres. It is used for
communication among devices, such as laptop,
mobile phone, PDA, or smart phones. Personal
area network can either be wired or wireless.
 In LAW, two or more computers & peripheral
devices are connected within a small area, such
as a room or an office building. In local area
network, computer terminals are physically
connected with wires.
 CAN, also known as campus area network, is a
network comprising a series of small LANs
over a small geographical area, such as a
college campus. This network covers an area
smaller than MAN.
 MAN is a larger network than LAN. It is
spread across a city. Since it covers an area of a
few hundred kilometres in a city, it is called
metropolitan. The most common example of
MAN type of network is the cable television,
branches of a local bank in a city,etc.
•This kind of network
connects two or more
components located at
distant places.
•They are linked by
communication ,facilities ,
like telecommunication or satellite signal.
•The most common example of WAN type network is
the telecom system.
 Modem : A modem enables you to connect
your computer to the available internet
connection over the existing telephone lines. It
converts the digital signals of a computer into
analog signals to enable their transmission via
phone lines.
 Hub : A hub is a networking device that is to

connect multiple computers & computing
devices directly to the network by using cables.
Each connection is called a port.
 Switch : Switches contain many ports to
connect different network segments.
 Repeater : A repeater is a communication

device, used t regenerate a signal.
Router : Router is a communication device

that is used to connect two different network.
Gateway : The gateway will translate one

protocol into the other.
Bridge : A bridge is a repeater with add-on

functionality of filtering content by reading the
addresses of the sources and the destination.
 Internet : The internet is a global wide area
networking that connects computer systems
across the world.
 Bandwidth : Bandwidth is the amount of data
can be transmitted in a fixed amount of time.
 Internet Service Provider : These are the
organizations that provide internet connection
to users.
 Web Page : A web page is written using HTML
& is stored on a web server.
 Home Page : It is the first page of a website. It
contains the main information about a website
along with links to the other parts of the website.
 Uniform Resource : The uniform resources

locater denotes the unique address of a web page or
a website.
 IP Address : An IP address consists of a unique

set of number, which is provided to each computer
by IETF.

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Prashant

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Name : Prashant Yadav

Topic : Network Concept

Submitted by ; Prashant submitted to ; Hardik Sir

07.06.19 Radiant English Academy Pg;01

 Hub : A hub is a networking device that is to

 Repeater : A repeater is a communication

Router : Router is a communication device

Gateway : The gateway will translate one

Bridge : A bridge is a repeater with add-on

 Uniform Resource : The uniform resources

 IP Address : An IP address consists of a unique

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