This document contains 36 multiple choice questions about data communication topics including network topologies, transmission methods, the OSI model layers, and signal properties. The questions cover topics such as which topology requires a central hub (star), layers of the OSI model (7 layers), functions of the transport layer (process to process delivery), and properties of signals that can be determined from frequency domain graphs (frequency, power, bandwidth).
This document contains 36 multiple choice questions about data communication topics including network topologies, transmission methods, the OSI model layers, and signal properties. The questions cover topics such as which topology requires a central hub (star), layers of the OSI model (7 layers), functions of the transport layer (process to process delivery), and properties of signals that can be determined from frequency domain graphs (frequency, power, bandwidth).
This document contains 36 multiple choice questions about data communication topics including network topologies, transmission methods, the OSI model layers, and signal properties. The questions cover topics such as which topology requires a central hub (star), layers of the OSI model (7 layers), functions of the transport layer (process to process delivery), and properties of signals that can be determined from frequency domain graphs (frequency, power, bandwidth).
This document contains 36 multiple choice questions about data communication topics including network topologies, transmission methods, the OSI model layers, and signal properties. The questions cover topics such as which topology requires a central hub (star), layers of the OSI model (7 layers), functions of the transport layer (process to process delivery), and properties of signals that can be determined from frequency domain graphs (frequency, power, bandwidth).
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
You are on page 1of 418
DATA COMMUNICATION
1. The __________ is the physical path over
which a message travels a. Protocol b. Medium c. Signal d. All of the above 1. The __________ is the physical path over which a message travels a. Protocol b. Medium c. Signal d. All of the above 2. The information to be communicated in a data system is the ___________. a. Medium b. Protocol c. Message d. Transmission 2. The information to be communicated in a data system is the ___________. a. Medium b. Protocol c. Message d. Transmission 3. Frequency of failure and network recovery time after a failure are measures of the __________ of a network. a. Performance b. Reliability c. Security d. Feasibility 3. Frequency of failure and network recovery time after a failure are measures of the __________ of a network. a. Performance b. Reliability c. Security d. Feasibility 4. An unauthorized user is a network __________ issue. a. Performance b. Reliability c. Security d. All of the above 4. An unauthorized user is a network __________ issue. a. Performance b. Reliability c. Security d. All of the above 5. Which topology requires a central controller or hub? a. Mesh b. Star c. Bus d. Ring 5. Which topology requires a central controller or hub? a. Mesh b. Star c. Bus d. Ring 6. Which topology requires a multipoint connection? a. Mesh b. Star c. Bus d. Ring 6. Which topology requires a multipoint connection? a. Mesh b. Star c. Bus d. Ring 7. Communication between a computer and a keyboard involves _________________ transmission. a. Simplex b. Half-duplex c. Full-duplex d. Automatic 7. Communication between a computer and a keyboard involves _________________ transmission. a. Simplex b. Half-duplex c. Full-duplex d. Automatic 8. In a network with 25 computers, which topology would require the most extensive cabling? a. Mesh b. Star c. Bus d. Ring 8. In a network with 25 computers, which topology would require the most extensive cabling? a. Mesh b. Star c. Bus d. Ring 9. A television broadcast is an example of ______________ transmission. a. Simplex b. Half-duplex c. Full-duplex d. Automatic 9. A television broadcast is an example of ______________ transmission. a. Simplex b. Half-duplex c. Full-duplex d. Automatic 10. A ______________ connection provides a dedicated link between two devices. a. Point-to-point b. Multipoint c. Primary d. Secondary 10. A ______________ connection provides a dedicated link between two devices. a. Point-to-point b. Multipoint c. Primary d. Secondary 11. In a _______________ connection, more than two devices can share a single link. a. Point-to-point b. Multipoint c. Primary d. Secondary 11. In a _______________ connection, more than two devices can share a single link. a. Point-to-point b. Multipoint c. Primary d. Secondary 12. In _______________ transmission, the channel capacity is shared by both communicating devices at all times. a. Simplex b. Half-duplex c. Full-duplex d. Half-simplex 12. In _______________ transmission, the channel capacity is shared by both communicating devices at all times. a. Simplex b. Half-duplex c. Full-duplex d. Half-simplex 13. A cable break in a _____________ topology stops all transmission. a. Mesh b. Bus c. Star d. Primary 13. A cable break in a _____________ topology stops all transmission. a. Mesh b. Bus c. Star d. Primary 14. Which organization has authority over interstate and international commerce in the communications field? a. ITU-T b. IEEE c. FCC d. ISO 14. Which organization has authority over interstate and international commerce in the communications field? a. ITU-T b. IEEE c. FCC d. ISO 15. The Internet model consists of _________ layers. a. Three b. Five c. Seven d. Eight 15. The Internet model consists of _________ layers. a. Three b. Five c. Seven d. Eight 16. The process-to-process delivery of the entire message is the responsibility of the ___________ layer. a. Network b. Transport c. Application d. Physical 16. The process-to-process delivery of the entire message is the responsibility of the ___________ layer. a. Network b. Transport c. Application d. Physical 17. The __________ layer is the layer closest to the transmission medium. a. Physical b. Data link c. Network d. Transport 17. The __________ layer is the layer closest to the transmission medium. a. Physical b. Data link c. Network d. Transport 18. Mail services are available to network users through the __________ layer. a. Data link b. Physical c. Transport d. Application 18. Mail services are available to network users through the __________ layer. a. Data link b. Physical c. Transport d. Application 19.As the data packet moves from the lower to the upper layers, headers are ________. a. Added b. Subtracted c. Rearranged d. Modified 19.As the data packet moves from the lower to the upper layers, headers are ________. a. Added b. Subtracted c. Rearranged d. Modified 20.As the data packet moves from the upper to the lower layers, headers are ________. a. Added b. Subtracted c. Rearranged d. Modified 20.As the data packet moves from the upper to the lower layers, headers are ________. a. Added b. Subtracted c. Rearranged d. Modified 21.The __________ layer lies between the network layer and the application layer. a. Physical b. Data link c. Transport d. None of the above 21.The __________ layer lies between the network layer and the application layer. a. Physical b. Data link c. Transport d. None of the above 22. Layer 2 lies between the physical layer and the _____________ layer. a. Network b. Data link c. Transport d. None of the above 22. Layer 2 lies between the physical layer and the _____________ layer. a. Network b. Data link c. Transport d. None of the above 23. When data are transmitted from device A to device B, the header from A’s layer 4 is read by B’s ___________ layer. a. Physical b. Transport c. Application d. None of the above 23. When data are transmitted from device A to device B, the header from A’s layer 4 is read by B’s ___________ layer. a. Physical b. Transport c. Application d. None of the above 24. The ____________ layer changes bits into electromagnetic signals. a. Physical b. Data link c. Transport d. None of the above 24. The ____________ layer changes bits into electromagnetic signals. a. Physical b. Data link c. Transport d. None of the above 25. The physical layer is concerned with the transmission of _____________ over the physical medium. a. Programs b. Dialogs c. Protocols d. Bits 25. The physical layer is concerned with the transmission of _____________ over the physical medium. a. Programs b. Dialogs c. Protocols d. Bits 26. . Which layer functions as a liaison between user support layers and network support layers? a. Network layer b. Physical layer c. Transport layer d. Application layer 26. . Which layer functions as a liaison between user support layers and network support layers? a. Network layer b. Physical layer c. Transport layer d. Application layer 27. What is the main function of the transport layer? a. Node-to-node delivery b. Process-to-process delivery c. Synchronization d. Updating and maintenance of routing tables 27. What is the main function of the transport layer? a. Node-to-node delivery b. Process-to-process delivery c. Synchronization d. Updating and maintenance of routing tables 28. Which of the following is an application layer service? a. Remote log-in b. File transfer and access c. Mail service d. All of the above 28. Which of the following is an application layer service? a. Remote log-in b. File transfer and access c. Mail service d. All of the above 29. Before data can be transmitted, they must be transformed to _____________. a. Periodic signals b. Electromagnetic signals c. Aperiodic signals d. Low-frequency sine waves 29. Before data can be transmitted, they must be transformed to _____________. a. Periodic signals b. Electromagnetic signals c. Aperiodic signals d. Low-frequency sine waves 30. A periodic signal completes one cycle in 0.001 seconds. What is the frequency? a. 1 Hz b. 100 Hz c. 1 kHz d. 1 MHz 30. A periodic signal completes one cycle in 0.001 seconds. What is the frequency? a. 1 Hz b. 100 Hz c. 1 kHz d. 1 MHz 31. Which of the following can be determined from a frequency-domain graph of a signal? a. Frequency b. Phase c. Power d. All of the above 31. Which of the following can be determined from a frequency-domain graph of a signal? a. Frequency b. Phase c. Power d. All of the above 32. Which of the following can be determined from a frequency-domain graph of a signal? a. Bandwidth b. Phase c. Power d. All of the above 32. Which of the following can be determined from a frequency-domain graph of a signal? a. Bandwidth b. Phase c. Power d. All of the above 33. In a frequency-domain plot, the vertical axis measures the _____________. a. Peak amplitude b. Frequency c. Phase d. Slope 33. In a frequency-domain plot, the vertical axis measures the _____________. a. Peak amplitude b. Frequency c. Phase d. Slope 34. In a frequency-domain plot, the horizontal axis measures the _____________. a. Peak amplitude b. Frequency c. Phase d. Slope 34. In a frequency-domain plot, the horizontal axis measures the _____________. a. Peak amplitude b. Frequency c. Phase d. Slope 35. In a time-domain plot, the vertical axis is a measure of _______________. a. Amplitude b. Frequency c. Phase d. Time 35. In a time-domain plot, the vertical axis is a measure of _______________. a. Amplitude b. Frequency c. Phase d. Time 36. In a time-domain plot, the horizontal axis is a measure of _______________. a. Signal amplitude b. Frequency c. Phase d. Time 36. In a time-domain plot, the horizontal axis is a measure of _______________. a. Signal amplitude b. Frequency c. Phase d. Time 37. If the bandwidth of a signal is 5 kHz and the lowest frequency is 52 kHz, what is the highest frequency? a. 5 kHz b. 10 kHz c. 47 kHz d. 57 kHz 37. If the bandwidth of a signal is 5 kHz and the lowest frequency is 52 kHz, what is the highest frequency? a. 5 kHz b. 10 kHz c. 47 kHz d. 57 kHz 38. What is the bandwidth of a signal that ranges from 40 kHz to 4 MHz? a. 36 MHz b. 360 kHz c. 3.96 MHz d. 396 kHz 38. What is the bandwidth of a signal that ranges from 40 kHz to 4 MHz? a. 36 MHz b. 360 kHz c. 3.96 MHz d. 396 kHz 39. When one of the components of a signal has a frequency of zero, the average amplitude of the signal ____________. a. Is greater than zero b. Is less than zero c. Is zero d. A or B 39. When one of the components of a signal has a frequency of zero, the average amplitude of the signal ____________. a. Is greater than zero b. Is less than zero c. Is zero d. A or B 40. A periodic signal can always be decomposed into ______________. a. Exactly an odd number of sine waves b. A set of sine waves c. A set of sine waves, one of which must have a phase of 0o d. None of the above 40. A periodic signal can always be decomposed into ______________. a. Exactly an odd number of sine waves b. A set of sine waves c. A set of sine waves, one of which must have a phase of 0o d. None of the above 41.As frequency increase, the period ____________. a. Decreases b. Increases c. Remains the same d. Doubles 41.As frequency increase, the period ____________. a. Decreases b. Increases c. Remains the same d. Doubles 42. Given two sine waves A and B, if the frequency of A is twice that of B, then the period of B is ______________ that of A. a. One-half b. Twice c. The same as d. Indeterminate from 42. Given two sine waves A and B, if the frequency of A is twice that of B, then the period of B is ______________ that of A. a. One-half b. Twice c. The same as d. Indeterminate from 43. A sine wave is _______________. a. Periodic and continuous b. Aperiodic and continuous c. Periodic and discrete d. Aperiodic and discrete 43. A sine wave is _______________. a. Periodic and continuous b. Aperiodic and continuous c. Periodic and discrete d. Aperiodic and discrete 44. If the maximum amplitude of a sine wave is 2 V, the minimum amplitude is ____________ V. a. 2 b. 1 c. -2 d. Between -2 and 2 44. If the maximum amplitude of a sine wave is 2 V, the minimum amplitude is ____________ V. a. 2 b. 1 c. -2 d. Between -2 and 2 45.A signal is measured at two different points. The power is P1 at the first point and P2 at the second point. The dB is 0. This means _______________. a. P2 is zero b. P2 equals P1 c. P2 is much larger than P1 d. P2 is much smaller than P1 45.A signal is measured at two different points. The power is P1 at the first point and P2 at the second point. The dB is 0. This means _______________. a. P2 is zero b. P2 equals P1 c. P2 is much larger than P1 d. P2 is much smaller than P1 46. . _______________ is a type of transmission impairment in which the signal loses strength due to the resistance of the transmission medium. a. Attenuation b. Distortion c. Noise d. Decibel 46. . _______________ is a type of transmission impairment in which the signal loses strength due to the resistance of the transmission medium. a. Attenuation b. Distortion c. Noise d. Decibel 47. _______________ is a type of transmission impairment in which the signal loses strength due to the different propagation speeds of each frequency that makes up the signal. a. Attenuation b. Distortion c. Noise d. Decibel 47. _______________ is a type of transmission impairment in which the signal loses strength due to the different propagation speeds of each frequency that makes up the signal. a. Attenuation b. Distortion c. Noise d. Decibel 48. ______________ is a type of transmission impairment in which an outside source such as crosstalk corrupts a signal. a. Attenuation b. Distortion c. Noise d. Decibel 48. ______________ is a type of transmission impairment in which an outside source such as crosstalk corrupts a signal. a. Attenuation b. Distortion c. Noise d. Decibel 49. The ____________ has units of meters/second or kilometers/second. a. Throughput b. Propagation speed c. Propagation time d. B or C 49. The ____________ has units of meters/second or kilometers/second. a. Throughput b. Propagation speed c. Propagation time d. B or C 50. ___________ has units of bits/second. a. Throughput b. Propagation speed c. Propagation time d. B or C 50. ___________ has units of bits/second. a. Throughput b. Propagation speed c. Propagation time d. B or C 50. ___________ has units of bits/second. a. Throughput b. Propagation speed c. Propagation time d. B or C 51. . The ___________ has units of second. a. Throughput b. Propagation speed c. Propagation time d. B or C 51. The ___________ has units of second. a. Throughput b. Propagation speed c. Propagation time d. B or C 52. When propagation speed is multiplied by propagation time, we get the _____________. a. Throughput b. Wavelength of the signal c. Distortion factor d. Distance a signal or bit has traveled. 52. When propagation speed is multiplied by propagation time, we get the _____________. a. Throughput b. Wavelength of the signal c. Distortion factor d. Distance a signal or bit has traveled. 53. Propagation time is ____________ proportional to distance and ___________ proportional to propagation speed. a. Inversely; directly b. Directly; inversely c. Inversely; inversely d. Directly; directly 53. Propagation time is ____________ proportional to distance and ___________ proportional to propagation speed. a. Inversely; directly b. Directly; inversely c. Inversely; inversely d. Directly; directly 53. Propagation time is ____________ proportional to distance and ___________ proportional to propagation speed. a. Inversely; directly b. Directly; inversely c. Inversely; inversely d. Directly; directly 54. Wavelength is __________ proportional to propagation speed and __________ proportional to period. a. Inversely; directly b. Directly; inversely c. Inversely; inversely d. Directly; directly 54. Wavelength is __________ proportional to propagation speed and __________ proportional to period. a. Inversely; directly b. Directly; inversely c. Inversely; inversely d. Directly; directly 55. The wavelength of a signal depends on the ______________. a. Frequencies of the signal b. Medium c. Phase of the signal d. A and B 55. The wavelength of a signal depends on the ______________. a. Frequencies of the signal b. Medium c. Phase of the signal d. A and B 57. The wavelength of green light in air is _________ the wavelength of green light in fiberoptic cable. a. Less than b. Greater than c. Equal to d. None of the above 57. The wavelength of green light in air is _________ the wavelength of green light in fiberoptic cable. a. Less than b. Greater than c. Equal to d. None of the above 58. Using the Shannon formula to calculate the data rate for a given channel, if C = B, then __________. a. The signal is less than the noise b. The signal is greater than the noise c. The signal is equal to the noise d. Not enough information is given to answer the question 58. Using the Shannon formula to calculate the data rate for a given channel, if C = B, then __________. a. The signal is less than the noise b. The signal is greater than the noise c. The signal is equal to the noise d. Not enough information is given to answer the question 59. Unipolar, bipolar and polar encoding are types of _______ encoding a. Line b. Block c. NRZ d. Manchester 59. Unipolar, bipolar and polar encoding are types of _______ encoding a. Line b. Block c. NRZ d. Manchester 60. If a symbol is composed of 3 bits, there are __________ data levels. a. 2 b. 4 c. 8 d. 16 60. If a symbol is composed of 3 bits, there are __________ data levels. a. 2 b. 4 c. 8 d. 16 61. Pulse rate is always ______ the bit rate a. Greater than b. Less than c. Greater than or equal to d. Less than or equal to 61. Pulse rate is always ______ the bit rate a. Greater than b. Less than c. Greater than or equal to d. Less than or equal to 62. ________ encoding has a transition at the middle of each bit. a. RZ b. Manchester c. Differential Manchester d. All the above 62. ________ encoding has a transition at the middle of each bit. a. RZ b. Manchester c. Differential Manchester d. All the above 63. ________ encoding has a transition at the beginning of each 0 bit. a. RZ b. Manchester c. Differential Manchester d. All the above 63. ________ encoding has a transition at the beginning of each 0 bit. a. RZ b. Manchester c. Differential Manchester d. All the above 64. PCM is an example of ______ conversion. a. Digital-to-digital b. Digital-to-analog c. Analog-to-analog d. Analog-to-Digital 64. PCM is an example of ______ conversion. a. Digital-to-digital b. Digital-to-analog c. Analog-to-analog d. Analog-to-Digital 65. If the frequency spectrum of a signal has bandwidth of 500 Hz with the highest frequency at 600 Hz, what should be the sampling rate, according to the Nyquist theorem? a. 200 samples/s b. 500 samples/s c. 1000 samples/s d. 1200 samples/s 65. If the frequency spectrum of a signal has bandwidth of 500 Hz with the highest frequency at 600 Hz, what should be the sampling rate, according to the Nyquist theorem? a. 200 samples/s b. 500 samples/s c. 1000 samples/s d. 1200 samples/s 66. The Nyquist theorem specifies the minimum sampling rate to be _______. a. Equal to the lowest frequency of a signal b. Equal to the highest frequency of a signal c. Twice the bandwidth of a signal d. Twice the highest frequency of a signal 66. The Nyquist theorem specifies the minimum sampling rate to be _______. a. Equal to the lowest frequency of a signal b. Equal to the highest frequency of a signal c. Twice the bandwidth of a signal d. Twice the highest frequency of a signal 67. One factor in the accuracy of a reconstructed PCM signal is the __________. a. Signal bandwidth b. Carrier frequency c. Number of bits used for quantization d. Baud rate 67. One factor in the accuracy of a reconstructed PCM signal is the __________. a. Signal bandwidth b. Carrier frequency c. Number of bits used for quantization d. Baud rate 68. Which encoding type always has nonzero average amplitude a. Unipolar b. Polar c. Bipolar d. All the above 68. Which encoding type always has nonzero average amplitude a. Unipolar b. Polar c. Bipolar d. All the above 69. In PCM, an analog-to-____________ conversion occurs. a. Analog b. Digital c. QAM d. Differential 69. In PCM, an analog-to-____________ conversion occurs. a. Analog b. Digital c. QAM d. Differential 70. Which of the following encoding methods does not provide for synchronization? a. NRZ-L b. RZ c. NRZ-I d. Manchester 70. Which of the following encoding methods does not provide for synchronization? a. NRZ-L b. RZ c. NRZ-I d. Manchester 71.Which encoding method uses alternating positive and negative values for 1s? a. NRZ-I b. RZ c. Manchester d. AMI 71.Which encoding method uses alternating positive and negative values for 1s? a. NRZ-I b. RZ c. Manchester d. AMI 72. If the maximum value of a PCM signal is 31 and the minimum value is -31, how many bits were used for conding? a. 4 b. 5 c. 6 d. 7 72. If the maximum value of a PCM signal is 31 and the minimum value is -31, how many bits were used for conding? a. 4 b. 5 c. 6 d. 7 73.RZ encoding involves _________ signal levels. a. Two b. Three c. Four d. Five 73.RZ encoding involves _________ signal levels. a. Two b. Three c. Four d. Five 74.Which quantization level results in a more faithful reproduction of the signal a. 2 b. 8 c. 16 d. 32 74.Which quantization level results in a more faithful reproduction of the signal a. 2 b. 8 c. 16 d. 32 75.Which encoding technique attempts to solve the loss of synchronization due to long strings of 0s. a. BnZS b. NRZ c. AMI d. (a) and (b) 75.Which encoding technique attempts to solve the loss of synchronization due to long strings of 0s. a. BnZS b. NRZ c. AMI d. (a) and (b) 76.In ____________ transmission, bits are transmitted simultaneously, each across its own wire. a. Asynchronous serial b. Synchronous serial c. Parallel d. (a) and (b) 76.In ____________ transmission, bits are transmitted simultaneously, each across its own wire. a. Asynchronous serial b. Synchronous serial c. Parallel d. (a) and (b) 77. In ________ transmission, bits are transmitted over a single wire, one at a time. a. Asynchronous serial b. Synchronous serial c. Parallel d. (a) and (b) 77. In ________ transmission, bits are transmitted over a single wire, one at a time. a. Asynchronous serial b. Synchronous serial c. Parallel d. (a) and (b) 78. In __________ transmission, a start bit and stop bit frame a character byte. a. Asynchronous serial b. Synchronous serial c. Parallel d. (a) and (b) 78. In __________ transmission, a start bit and stop bit frame a character byte. a. Asynchronous serial b. Synchronous serial c. Parallel d. (a) and (b) 79. In asynchronous transmission, the gap time between bytes is ________. a. Fixed b. Variable c. A function of the data rate d. Zero 79. In asynchronous transmission, the gap time between bytes is ________. a. Fixed b. Variable c. A function of the data rate d. Zero 80. Synchronous transmission does not have __________. a. A start bit b. A stop bit c. Gaps between bytes d. All the above 80. Synchronous transmission does not have __________. a. A start bit b. A stop bit c. Gaps between bytes d. All the above 81. ASK, PSK, FSK nad QAM are examples of __________ modulation. a. Digital-to-analog b. Digital-to-analog c. Analog-to-analog d. Analog-to-digital 81. ASK, PSK, FSK nad QAM are examples of __________ modulation. a. Digital-to-analog b. Digital-to-analog c. Analog-to-analog d. Analog-to-digital 82. AM and FM are examples of ___________ modulation. a. Digital-to-analog b. Digital-to-analog c. Analog-to-analog d. Analog-to-digital 82. AM and FM are examples of ___________ modulation. a. Digital-to-analog b. Digital-to-analog c. Analog-to-analog d. Analog-to-digital 83. In QAM, both phase and ____________ of a carrier frequency are varied. a. Amplitude b. Frequency c. Bit rate d. Baud rate 83. In QAM, both phase and ____________ of a carrier frequency are varied. a. Amplitude b. Frequency c. Bit rate d. Baud rate 84. Which of the following is most affected by noise? a. PSK b. ASK c. FSK d. QAM 84. Which of the following is most affected by noise? a. PSK b. ASK c. FSK d. QAM 85. If the baud rate is 400 for a 4-PSK signal, the bit rate is _________ bps. a. 100 b. 400 c. 800 d. 1600 85. If the baud rate is 400 for a 4-PSK signal, the bit rate is _________ bps. a. 100 b. 400 c. 800 d. 1600 85. If the baud rate is 400 for a 4-PSK signal, the bit rate is _________ bps. a. 100 b. 400 c. 800 d. 1600 86. If the bit rate for an ASK signal is 1200 bps, the baud rate is __________. a. 300 b. 400 c. 600 d. 1200 86. If the bit rate for an ASK signal is 1200 bps, the baud rate is __________. a. 300 b. 400 c. 600 d. 1200 87. If the bit rate for an FSK signal is 1200 bps, the baud rate is __________. a. 300 b. 400 c. 600 d. 1200 87. If the bit rate for an FSK signal is 1200 bps, the baud rate is __________. a. 300 b. 400 c. 600 d. 1200 88. If the bit rate for a QAM signal is 3000 bps and a signal unit is represented by a tribit, what is the baud rate? a. 300 b. 400 c. 1000 d. 1200 88. If the bit rate for a QAM signal is 3000 bps and a signal unit is represented by a tribit, what is the baud rate? a. 300 b. 400 c. 1000 d. 1200 89. If the baud rate for a QAM signal is 3000 and a signal unit is represented by a tribit, what is the bit rate? a. 300 b. 400 c. 1000 d. 9000 89. If the baud rate for a QAM signal is 3000 and a signal unit is represented by a tribit, what is the bit rate? a. 300 b. 400 c. 1000 d. 9000 90. If the baud rate for a QAM signal is 1800 and the bit rate is 9000, how many bits are there per signal unit? a. 3 b. 4 c. 5 d. 6 90. If the baud rate for a QAM signal is 1800 and the bit rate is 9000, how many bits are there per signal unit? a. 3 b. 4 c. 5 d. 6 91. In 16-QAM, there are 16 __________. a. Combination of phase and amplitude b. Amplitudes c. Phases d. Bps 91. In 16-QAM, there are 16 __________. a. Combination of phase and amplitude b. Amplitudes c. Phases d. Bps 92. Which modulation technique involves tribits, eight different phase shifts, and one amplitude? a. FSK b. 8-PSK c. ASK d. 4-PSK 92. Which modulation technique involves tribits, eight different phase shifts, and one amplitude? a. FSK b. 8-PSK c. ASK d. 4-PSK 93. Given an AM radio signal with a bandwidth of 10 KHz and the highest-frequency component at 705 KHz, what is the frequency of the carrier signal? a. 700 KHz b. 705 KHz c. 710 KHz d. Cannot be determined from given information 93. Given an AM radio signal with a bandwidth of 10 KHz and the highest-frequency component at 705 KHz, what is the frequency of the carrier signal? a. 700 KHz b. 705 KHz c. 710 KHz d. Cannot be determined from given information 94. A modulated signal is formed by ________. a. Changing the modulating signal by the carrier wave b. Changing the carrier wave by the modulating signal c. Quantization of the source data d. Sampling at the Nyquist frequency 94. A modulated signal is formed by ________. a. Changing the modulating signal by the carrier wave b. Changing the carrier wave by the modulating signal c. Quantization of the source data d. Sampling at the Nyquist frequency 95. If FCC regulations are followed, the carrier frequencies of adjacent AM radio station are _________ apart. a. 5 KHz b. 10 KHz c. 200 KHz d. 530 KHz 95. If FCC regulations are followed, the carrier frequencies of adjacent AM radio station are _________ apart. a. 5 KHz b. 10 KHz c. 200 KHz d. 530 KHz 96. If FCC regulations are followed, ___________ potential FM stations are theoretically possible in a given area. a. 50 b. 100 c. 133 d. 150 96. If FCC regulations are followed, ___________ potential FM stations are theoretically possible in a given area. a. 50 b. 100 c. 133 d. 150 97. When an ASK signal is decomposed, the result is _____________. a. Always one sine wave b. Always two sine waves c. An infinite number of sine waves d. None of the above 97. When an ASK signal is decomposed, the result is _____________. a. Always one sine wave b. Always two sine waves c. An infinite number of sine waves d. None of the above 98. The bandwidth of an FM signal requires 10 times the bandwidth of the __________ signal. a. Carrier b. Modulating c. Bipolar d. Sampling 98. The bandwidth of an FM signal requires 10 times the bandwidth of the __________ signal. a. Carrier b. Modulating c. Bipolar d. Sampling 99. Modulation of an analog signal can be accomplished through changing the ______ of the carrier signal. a. Amplitude b. Frequency c. Phase d. Any of the above 99. Modulation of an analog signal can be accomplished through changing the ______ of the carrier signal. a. Amplitude b. Frequency c. Phase d. Any of the above 100. For a telephone line, the bandwidth for voice is usually _________ the bandwidth for data. a. Equivalent to b. Less than c. Greater than d. Twice 100. For a telephone line, the bandwidth for voice is usually _________ the bandwidth for data. a. Equivalent to b. Less than c. Greater than d. Twice 1O1. For a given bit rate, the minimum bandwidth for ASK is ______ the minimum bandwidth for FSK. a. Equivalent to b. Less than c. Greater than d. Twice 1O1. For a given bit rate, the minimum bandwidth for ASK is ______ the minimum bandwidth for FSK. a. Equivalent to b. Less than c. Greater than d. Twice 1O2. As the bit rate of an FSK signal increases, the bandwidth ___________. a. Decreases b. Increases c. Remains the same d. Doubles 1O2. As the bit rate of an FSK signal increases, the bandwidth ___________. a. Decreases b. Increases c. Remains the same d. Doubles 1O3. For FSK, as the difference between the two carrier frequencies increases, the bandwidth ________. a. Decreases b. Increases c. Remains the same d. Halves 1O3. For FSK, as the difference between the two carrier frequencies increases, the bandwidth ________. a. Decreases b. Increases c. Remains the same d. Halves 1O4. Which ITU-T modems standard uses trellis coding a. V.32 b. V.33 c. V.34 d. (a) and (b 1O4. Which ITU-T modems standard uses trellis coding a. V.32 b. V.33 c. V.34 d. (a) and (b 1O5. In trellis coding the number of data bits is _________ the number of transmitted bits. a. Equal to b. Less than c. More than d. Double that of 1O5. In trellis coding the number of data bits is _________ the number of transmitted bits. a. Equal to b. Less than c. More than d. Double that of 1O6. What is the object of trellis coding? a. To narrow the bandwidth b. To simplify modulation c. To increases the data rate d. To reduce the error rate 1O6. What is the object of trellis coding? a. To narrow the bandwidth b. To simplify modulation c. To increases the data rate d. To reduce the error rate 1O7. The bit rate always equal the baud rate in which type of signal? a. FSK b. QAM c. 4-PSK d. All the above 1O7. The bit rate always equal the baud rate in which type of signal? a. FSK b. QAM c. 4-PSK d. All the above 1O8. A modulator converts a(n) _________ signal to a(n) ____________ signal. a. Digital; analog b. Analog; digital c. PSK; FSK d. FSK; PSK 1O8. A modulator converts a(n) _________ signal to a(n) ____________ signal. a. Digital; analog b. Analog; digital c. PSK; FSK d. FSK; PSK 11O. A 56K modem can download at a rate of ___________ Kbps and upload at a rate of ______________ Kbps. a. 33.6; 33.6 b. 33.6; 56.3 c. 56.6; 33.6 d. 56.6; 56.6 11O. A 56K modem can download at a rate of ___________ Kbps and upload at a rate of ______________ Kbps. a. 33.6; 33.6 b. 33.6; 56.3 c. 56.6; 33.6 d. 56.6; 56.6 111. The sharing of a medium and its link by two more devices is called ______. a. Modulation b. Encoding c. Line Encoding d. Multiplexing 111. The sharing of a medium and its link by two more devices is called ______. a. Modulation b. Encoding c. Line Encoding d. Multiplexing 112. Which multiplexing technique transmits analog signals? a. FDM b. TDM c. WDM d. (a) and (c) 112. Which multiplexing technique transmits analog signals? a. FDM b. TDM c. WDM d. (a) and (c) 113. Which multiplexing technique transmits digital signals? a. FDM b. TDM c. WDM d. None of the above 113. Which multiplexing technique transmits digital signals? a. FDM b. TDM c. WDM d. None of the above 114. Which multiplexing technique shifts each signal to a different carrier frequency? a. FDM b. TDM c. Both (a) and (b) d. None of the above 114. Which multiplexing technique shifts each signal to a different carrier frequency? a. FDM b. TDM c. Both (a) and (b) d. None of the above 115. In TDM, for n signal sources of the same data rate, each frame contains __________ slots. a. n b. n+1 c. n–1 d. 0 to n 115. In TDM, for n signal sources of the same data rate, each frame contains __________ slots. a. n b. n+1 c. n–1 d. 0 to n 116. In TDM. The transmission rate of the multiplexed path is usually _______ the sum of the transmission rate of the signal sources. a. Greater than b. Less than c. Equal to d. 1 less than 116. In TDM. The transmission rate of the multiplexed path is usually _______ the sum of the transmission rate of the signal sources. a. Greater than b. Less than c. Equal to d. 1 less than 117. In AT&T’s FDM hierarchy, the bandwidth of each group type can be found by multiplying ______ and adding extra bandwidth for guard bands. a. The number of voice channels by 4000 Hz b. The sampling rate by 4000 Hz c. The number of voice channels by 8 bits/ sample d. The sampling rate by 8 bits/sample 117. In AT&T’s FDM hierarchy, the bandwidth of each group type can be found by multiplying ______ and adding extra bandwidth for guard bands. a. The number of voice channels by 4000 Hz b. The sampling rate by 4000 Hz c. The number of voice channels by 8 bits/ sample d. The sampling rate by 8 bits/sample 118. DS-1 through DS-4 are __________ while T-1 through T-4 ___________. a. Services; multiplexers b. Services; signals c. Services; lines d. Multiplexers; signals 118. DS-1 through DS-4 are __________ while T-1 through T-4 ___________. a. Services; multiplexers b. Services; signals c. Services; lines d. Multiplexers; signals 119. In a T-1 line, ____________ interleaving occurs. a. Bit b. Byte c. DS-0 d. Switch 119. In a T-1 line, ____________ interleaving occurs. a. Bit b. Byte c. DS-0 d. Switch 120. Guard bands increase the bandwidth for ____________. a. FDM b. TDM c. Both (a) and (b) d. None of the above 120. Guard bands increase the bandwidth for ____________. a. FDM b. TDM c. Both (a) and (b) d. None of the above 121. Which multiplexing technique involves signals composed of light bemas? a. FDM b. TDM c. WDM d. None of the above 121. Which multiplexing technique involves signals composed of light beams? a. FDM b. TDM c. WDM d. None of the above 122. Transmission media are usually categorized as _____. a. Fixed or unfixed b. Guided or unguided c. Determinate and indeterminate d. Metallic and nonmetallic 122. Transmission media are usually categorized as _____. a. Fixed or unfixed b. Guided or unguided c. Determinate and indeterminate d. Metallic and nonmetallic 123. Transmission media are closest to the ______ layer a. Physical b. Network c. Transport d. Application 123. Transmission media are closest to the ______ layer a. Physical b. Network c. Transport d. Application 124. Category 1 UTP cable is most often used in _____ networks. a. Fast Ethernet b. Traditional Ethernet c. Infrared d. Telephone 124. Category 1 UTP cable is most often used in _____ networks. a. Fast Ethernet b. Traditional Ethernet c. Infrared d. Telephone 125. BNC connectors are used by _____ cables. a. UTP b. STP c. Coaxial d. Fiber-Optic 125. BNC connectors are used by _____ cables. a. UTP b. STP c. Coaxial d. Fiber-Optic 126. _____ cable consists of an inner copper and a second conducting outer sheath. a. Twisted pair b. Coaxial c. Fiber-Optic d. Shielded twisted pair 126. _____ cable consists of an inner copper and a second conducting outer sheath. a. Twisted pair b. Coaxial c. Fiber-Optic d. Shielded twisted pair 127. In fiber optics, the signal source is _____ waves. a. Light b. Radio c. Infrared d. Very low-frequency 127. In fiber optics, the signal source is _____ waves. a. Light b. Radio c. Infrared d. Very low-frequency 128. Smoke signal are example of communication though _____. a. A guided medium b. An unguided medium c. A refractive medium d. A small or large medium 128. Smoke signal are example of communication though _____. a. A guided medium b. An unguided medium c. A refractive medium d. A small or large medium 129. Which of the following primarily uses guided media? a. Cellular telephone system b. Local Telephone System c. Satellite communications d. Radio Broadcasting 129. Which of the following primarily uses guided media? a. Cellular telephone system b. Local Telephone System c. Satellite communications d. Radio Broadcasting 130. Which of the following is not a guided medium? a. Twisted-pair cable b. Coaxial cable c. Fiber-Optic Cable d. Atmosphere 130. Which of the following is not a guided medium? a. Twisted-pair cable b. Coaxial cable c. Fiber-Optic Cable d. Atmosphere 131. In an environment with many high-voltage devices, the best transmission medium would be _____. a. Twisted-pair cable b. Coaxial cable c. Optical cable d. The Atmosphere 131. In an environment with many high-voltage devices, the best transmission medium would be _____. a. Twisted-pair cable b. Coaxial cable c. Optical cable d. The Atmosphere 132. What is the major factor that makes coaxial- cable less susceptible to noise than twisted-pair cable? a. Inner conductor b. Diameter of cable c. Outer conductor d. Insulating material 132. What is the major factor that makes coaxial- cable less susceptible to noise than twisted-pair cable? a. Inner conductor b. Diameter of cable c. Outer conductor d. Insulating material 133. The RG number gives us information about _____. a. Twisted pairs b. Coaxial cable c. Optical fibers d. All of the above 133. The RG number gives us information about _____. a. Twisted pairs b. Coaxial cable c. Optical fibers d. All of the above 134. In an optical fiber, the inner core is _____ the cladding. a. Denser than b. Less dense than c. The same density as d. Another name for 134. In an optical fiber, the inner core is _____ the cladding. a. Denser than b. Less dense than c. The same density as d. Another name for 135. The inner core of an optical fiber is _____ in composition. a. Glass or plastic b. Copper c. Bimetalic d. Liquid 135. The inner core of an optical fiber is _____ in composition. a. Glass or plastic b. Copper c. Bimetalic d. Liquid 136. Optical fibers, unlike wire media, are highly resistant to _____. a. High-frequency transmission b. Low-frequency transmission c. Electromagnetic interference d. Refraction 136. Optical fibers, unlike wire media, are highly resistant to _____. a. High-frequency transmission b. Low-frequency transmission c. Electromagnetic interference d. Refraction 137. When a beam of light travels through media of two different densities, if the angle of incidence is greater than the critical angle, _____ occurs. a. Reflection b. Refraction c. Incidence d. Criticism 137. When a beam of light travels through media of two different densities, if the angle of incidence is greater than the critical angle, _____ occurs. a. Reflection b. Refraction c. Incidence d. Criticism 138. When the angle of incidence is _____ the critical angle, the light beam bends along the interface. a. More than b. Less than c. Equal to d. None of the above 138. When the angle of incidence is _____ the critical angle, the light beam bends along the interface. a. More than b. Less than c. Equal to d. None of the above 139. In _____ propagation, the beam of propagated light is almost horizontal, and the low-density core has a small diameter compared to the cores of the other propagation modes. a. Multimode step-index b. Multiple graded-index c. Multimode single-index d. Single-mode 139. In _____ propagation, the beam of propagated light is almost horizontal, and the low-density core has a small diameter compared to the cores of the other propagation modes. a. Multimode step-index b. Multiple graded-index c. Multimode single-index d. Single-mode 140. _____ is the propagation method subject to the greatest distortion. a. Multimode step-index b. Multimode Graded-index c. Multiple single-index d. Single-mode 140. _____ is the propagation method subject to the greatest distortion. a. Multimode step-index b. Multimode Graded-index c. Multiple single-index d. Single-mode 141. In _____ propagation, the core is varying densities. a. Multimode step-index b. Multimode graded-index c. Multimode single-index d. Single-mode 141. In _____ propagation, the core is varying densities. a. Multimode step-index b. Multimode graded-index c. Multimode single-index d. Single-mode 142. When we talk about unguided media, usually we are referring to _____. a. Metallic wires b. Nonmetallic wires c. The air d. None of the above 142. When we talk about unguided media, usually we are referring to _____. a. Metallic wires b. Nonmetallic wires c. The air d. None of the above 143. Radio wave and microwave frequencies range from ______. a. 3 to 300 KHz b. 300 KHz to 300 GHz c. 3 KHz to 300 GHz d. 3 KHz to 3000 GHz 143. Radio wave and microwave frequencies range from ______. a. 3 to 300 KHz b. 300 KHz to 300 GHz c. 3 KHz to 300 GHz d. 3 KHz to 3000 GHz 144. In _____ propagation, low frequency radio waves hug the earth. a. Ground b. Sky c. Line of sight d. Space 144. In _____ propagation, low frequency radio waves hug the earth. a. Ground b. Sky c. Line of sight d. Space 145. The VLF and LF bands use _____ propagation for communications. a. Ground b. Sky c. Line of sight d. Space 145. The VLF and LF bands use _____ propagation for communications. a. Ground b. Sky c. Line of sight d. Space 146. A parabolic dish antenna is a(n) _____ antenna. a. Omnidirectional b. Bidirectional c. Unidirectional d. Horn 146. A parabolic dish antenna is a(n) _____ antenna. a. Omnidirectional b. Bidirectional c. Unidirectional d. Horn 147. The _____ is an association that sponsors the use of infrared waves. a. IrDA b. EIA c. FCC d. PUD 147. The _____ is an association that sponsors the use of infrared waves. a. IrDA b. EIA c. FCC d. PUD 148. . The _____ is a device that connects n inputs to m outputs. a. Crosspoint b. Crossbar c. Modem d. RAM 148. . The _____ is a device that connects n inputs to m outputs. a. Crosspoint b. Crossbar c. Modem d. RAM 149. How many crosspoints are needed in a single- stage switch with 40 inputs and 40 outputs? a. 40 b. 50 c. 90 d. 2000 149. How many crosspoints are needed in a single- stage switch with 40 inputs and 40 outputs? a. 40 b. 50 c. 90 d. 2000 150. In a crossbar with 1000 crosspoints, approximately how many are in use at any time? a. 100 b. 250 c. 500 d. 1000 150. In a crossbar with 1000 crosspoints, approximately how many are in use at any time? a. 100 b. 250 c. 500 d. 1000 151. The _____ of a TSI controls the order of delivery of slot values that are stored in RAM. a. Crossbar b. Crosspoint c. Control unit d. Transceiver 151. The _____ of a TSI controls the order of delivery of slot values that are stored in RAM. a. Crossbar b. Crosspoint c. Control unit d. Transceiver 152. . In _____ circuit switching, delivery of data is delayed because data must be stored and retrieved from RAM. a. Space-division b. Time-Division c. Virtual d. Packet 152. . In _____ circuit switching, delivery of data is delayed because data must be stored and retrieved from RAM. a. Space-division b. Time-Division c. Virtual d. Packet 153. To create a _____, combine crossbar switches in stages. a. Multistage switch b. Crosspoint c. Packet Switch d. TSI 153. To create a _____, combine crossbar switches in stages. a. Multistage switch b. Crosspoint c. Packet Switch d. TSI 153. To create a _____, combine crossbar switches in stages. a. Multistage switch b. Crosspoint c. Packet Switch d. TSI 154. Which of the following is a time-division switch ? a. TSI b. TDM bus c. Crosspoint d. (a) and (b) 154. Which of the following is a time-division switch ? a. TSI b. TDM bus c. Crosspoint d. (a) and (b) 155. In a time-division switch a _____ governs the destination of a packet stored in RAM. a. TDM Bus b. Crosspoint c. Crosbar d. Control Unit 155. In a time-division switch a _____ governs the destination of a packet stored in RAM. a. TDM Bus b. Crosspoint c. Crosbar d. Control Unit 156.A telephone network is an example of _____ network. a. Message Switch b. Packet Switched c. Circuit Switched d. None of the above 156.A telephone network is an example of _____ network. a. Message Switch b. Packet Switched c. Circuit Switched d. None of the above 157. The local loop has _____ cable that connects the subscriber telephone to the nearest end office. a. Twisted-Pair b. Coaxial c. Fiber-Optic d. (b) and (c) 157. The local loop has _____ cable that connects the subscriber telephone to the nearest end office. a. Twisted-Pair b. Coaxial c. Fiber-Optic d. (b) and (c) 158. Trunks are transmission media such as _____ the handle the telephone communication between offices. a. Twisted-pair cable b. Fiber-optic cable c. Satellite links d. (b) and (c) 158. Trunks are transmission media such as _____ the handle the telephone communication between offices. a. Twisted-pair cable b. Fiber-optic cable c. Satellite links d. (b) and (c) 159. The established telephone company that provided services in a LATA before 1966 and owns the cabling system is called _____. a. An ILEC b. A CLEC c. An IXC d. A POP 159. The established telephone company that provided services in a LATA before 1966 and owns the cabling system is called _____. a. An ILEC b. A CLEC c. An IXC d. A POP 160. . A new telephone company that provides services in a LATA after 1966 is called _____. a. An ILEC b. A CLEC c. An IXC d. A POP 160. . A new telephone company that provides services in a LATA after 1966 is called _____. a. An ILEC b. A CLEC c. An IXC d. A POP 161. The telephone service handled between two LATAs is called _____. a. An ILEC b. A CLEC c. An IXC d. A POP 161. The telephone service handled between two LATAs is called _____. a. An ILEC b. A CLEC c. An IXC d. A POP 162. If the end office receives two bursts of analog signals with frequencies of 697 and 1477 Hz, then the number _____ has been punched. a. 1 b. 2 c. 3 d. 4 162. If the end office receives two bursts of analog signals with frequencies of 697 and 1477 Hz, then the number _____ has been punched. a. 1 b. 2 c. 3 d. 4 163. Data from a computer are _____: the local loop handles _____ signals. a. Analog; analog b. Analog; digital c. Digital; digital d. Digital; analog 163. Data from a computer are _____: the local loop handles _____ signals. a. Analog; analog b. Analog; digital c. Digital; digital d. Digital; analog 164. A traditional telephone line has bandwidth of _____. a. 2000 Hz b. 4000 Hz c. 2000 MHz d. 4000 Mhz 164. A traditional telephone line has bandwidth of _____. a. 2000 Hz b. 4000 Hz c. 2000 MHz d. 4000 Mhz 165._____ has a higher transmission rate in the downstream direction than in the upstream direction. a. VDSL b. ADSL c. SDSL d. (a) and (b) 165._____ has a higher transmission rate in the downstream direction than in the upstream direction. a. VDSL b. ADSL c. SDSL d. (a) and (b) 166. _____ is suitable for businesses that require comparable upstream and downstream data rates. a. VDSL b. ADSL c. SDSL d. (a) and (b) 166. _____ is suitable for businesses that require comparable upstream and downstream data rates. a. VDSL b. ADSL c. SDSL d. (a) and (b) 167. _____ limit the bandwidth of the local loop to 4 KHz. a. Fiber Nodes b. Filters c. Repeaters d. Hubs 167. _____ limit the bandwidth of the local loop to 4 KHz. a. Fiber Nodes b. Filters c. Repeaters d. Hubs 168. DMT is a modulation technique that combines elements of _____ and _____. a. FDM; TDM b. QDM; QAM c. FDM; QAM d. PSK; FSK 168. DMT is a modulation technique that combines elements of _____ and _____. a. FDM; TDM b. QDM; QAM c. FDM; QAM d. PSK; FSK 169. The largest portion of the bandwidth for ADSL carries _____. a. Voice Communication b. Upstream data c. Downstream data d. Control data 169. The largest portion of the bandwidth for ADSL carries _____. a. Voice Communication b. Upstream data c. Downstream data d. Control data 170. The actual bit rate of ADSL downstream data is _____. a. 64 Kbps to 1 Mbps b. 6 to 30 Kbps c. 31 Kbps to 225 Mbps d. 500 Kbps to 8 Mbps 170. The actual bit rate of ADSL downstream data is _____. a. 64 Kbps to 1 Mbps b. 6 to 30 Kbps c. 31 Kbps to 225 Mbps d. 500 Kbps to 8 Mbps 171. _____ is a device at the telephone company site that can packetize data to be sent to the ISP Server. a. A DSLAM b. An ADSL modem c. A filter d. A splitter 171. _____ is a device at the telephone company site that can packetize data to be sent to the ISP Server. a. A DSLAM b. An ADSL modem c. A filter d. A splitter 172. ______ was designed as an alternative to the T-1 line. a. VSL b. ADSL c. SDSL d. HDSL 172. ______ was designed as an alternative to the T-1 line. a. VSL b. ADSL c. SDSL d. HDSL 173. HDSL encodes data using _______ a. 4B/5B b. 2B1Q c. 1B2Q d. 6B/8T 173. HDSL encodes data using _______ a. 4B/5B b. 2B1Q c. 1B2Q d. 6B/8T 174. _____ encoded signal is more susceptible to attenuation than _____ encoded signal. a. An AMI; a 2B2Q b. A 2B1Q; an AMI c. An AMI; a 2B1Q d. None of the above 174. _____ encoded signal is more susceptible to attenuation than _____ encoded signal. a. An AMI; a 2B2Q b. A 2B1Q; an AMI c. An AMI; a 2B1Q d. None of the above 175. Another name for the cable TV office is the _____. a. Splitter b. Fiber node c. Combiner d. Head end 175. Another name for the cable TV office is the _____. a. Splitter b. Fiber node c. Combiner d. Head end 176. A traditional Cable TV network transmits signals _____. a. Upstream b. Downstream c. Upstream and Downstream d. None of the above 176. A traditional Cable TV network transmits signals _____. a. Upstream b. Downstream c. Upstream and Downstream d. None of the above 177. An HFC network uses _____ as the medium from the switch to the fiber node. a. Optical Fiber b. Coaxial Cable c. UTP d. STP 177. An HFC network uses _____ as the medium from the switch to the fiber node. a. Optical Fiber b. Coaxial Cable c. UTP d. STP 178. In an HFC network, the distribution hub handles the _____ of signals. a. Modulation b. Distribution c. Splitting d. (a) and (b) 178. In an HFC network, the distribution hub handles the _____ of signals. a. Modulation b. Distribution c. Splitting d. (a) and (b) 179. A TV channel in an HFC network needs a _____- MHz bandwidth. a. 6 b. 100 c. 250 d. 369 179. A TV channel in an HFC network needs a _____- MHz bandwidth. a. 6 b. 100 c. 250 d. 369 180. _____ data go from the subscriber to the Internet. a. Upstream b. Downstream c. Midstream d. None of the above 180. _____ data go from the subscriber to the Internet. a. Upstream b. Downstream c. Midstream d. None of the above 181. In an HFC network, the upstream are modulated using the _____ modulation technique. a. QAM b. QPSK c. PCM d. ASK 181. In an HFC network, the upstream are modulated using the _____ modulation technique. a. QAM b. QPSK c. PCM d. ASK 182. The standard for data transmission over an HFC network is called _____. a. MCNS b. DOCSIS c. CMTS d. ADSL 182. The standard for data transmission over an HFC network is called _____. a. MCNS b. DOCSIS c. CMTS d. ADSL 183. The _____ is an HFC network device installed inside the distribution hub that receives data from the Internet and passes them to the combiner. a. CM b. CMTS c. DOCSIS d. MCNS 183. The _____ is an HFC network device installed inside the distribution hub that receives data from the Internet and passes them to the combiner. a. CM b. CMTS c. DOCSIS d. MCNS 184. SONET is a standard for _____ networks. a. Twisted-pair cable b. Coaxial Cable c. Ethernet d. Fiber-Optic cable 184. SONET is a standard for _____ networks. a. Twisted-pair cable b. Coaxial Cable c. Ethernet d. Fiber-Optic cable 185. SONET in an acronym for _____ Network. a. Synchronous Optical b. Standard Optical c. Symmetric Open d. Standard Open 185. SONET in an acronym for _____ Network. a. Synchronous Optical b. Standard Optical c. Symmetric Open d. Standard Open 186. In a SONET system, _____ can remove signals from a path. a. An STS multiplier b. A regenerator c. An Add/Drop multiplier d. A repeater 186. In a SONET system, _____ can remove signals from a path. a. An STS multiplier b. A regenerator c. An Add/Drop multiplier d. A repeater 187. The synchronous payload envelope of an STS-1 frame contains _____. a. Pointers b. User data c. Overhead d. (b) and (c) 187. The synchronous payload envelope of an STS-1 frame contains _____. a. Pointers b. User data c. Overhead d. (b) and (c) 188. Which error detection method consists of a parity bit for each data unit as well as an entire data unit of parity bits? a. Simple parity check b. Two-dimensional parity check c. CRC d. Checksum 188. Which error detection method consists of a parity bit for each data unit as well as an entire data unit of parity bits? a. Simple parity check b. Two-dimensional parity check c. CRC d. Checksum 189. Which error detection method uses ones complement arithmetic? a. Simple parity check b. Two-dimensional parity check c. CRC d. Checksum 189. Which error detection method uses ones complement arithmetic? a. Simple parity check b. Two-dimensional parity check c. CRC d. Checksum 190. Which error detection method consists of just one redundant bit per data unit? a. Simple parity check b. Two-dimensional parity check c. CRC d. Checksum 190. Which error detection method consists of just one redundant bit per data unit? a. Simple parity check b. Two-dimensional parity check c. CRC d. Checksum 191. Which error detection method involves polynomials? a. Simple parity check b. Two-dimensional parity check c. CRC d. Checksum 191. Which error detection method involves polynomials? a. Simple parity check b. Two-dimensional parity check c. CRC d. Checksum 192. Which of the following best describes a single-bit error? a. A single bit is inverted. b. A single bit is inverted per data unit. c. A single bit is inverted per transmission. d. Any of the above 192. Which of the following best describes a single-bit error? a. A single bit is inverted. b. A single bit is inverted per data unit. c. A single bit is inverted per transmission. d. Any of the above 193. If the ASCII character G is sent and the character D is received, what type of error is this? a. Single-bit b. Multiple-bit c. Burst d. Recoverable 193. If the ASCII character G is sent and the character D is received, what type of error is this? a. Single-bit b. Multiple-bit c. Burst d. Recoverable 194. If the ASCII character H is sent and the character I is received, what type of error is this? a. Single-bit b. Multiple-bit c. Burst d. Recoverable 194. If the ASCII character H is sent and the character I is received, what type of error is this? a. Single-bit b. Multiple-bit c. Burst d. Recoverable 195. In cyclic redundancy checking, what is the CRC? a. The divisor b. The quotient c. The dividend d. The remainder 195. In cyclic redundancy checking, what is the CRC? a. The divisor b. The quotient c. The dividend d. The remainder 196. In cyclic redundancy checking, the divisor is _______ the CRC. a. The same size as b. 1 bit less than c. 1 bit more than d. 2 bits more than 196. In cyclic redundancy checking, the divisor is _______ the CRC. a. The same size as b. 1 bit less than c. 1 bit more than d. 2 bits more than 197. If the data unit is 111111, the divisor 1010, and the remainder 110, what is the dividend at the receiver? a. 111111011 b. 111111110 c. 1010110 d. 110111111 197. If the data unit is 111111, the divisor 1010, and the remainder 110, what is the dividend at the receiver? a. 111111011 b. 111111110 c. 1010110 d. 110111111 198. If the data unit is 111111 and the divisor 1010, what is the dividend at the transmitter? a. 111111000 b. 1111110000 c. 111111 d. 1111111010 198. If the data unit is 111111 and the divisor 1010, what is the dividend at the transmitter? a. 111111000 b. 1111110000 c. 111111 d. 1111111010 199. If odd parity is used for ASCII error detection, the number of 0s per 8-bit symbol is _______. a. Even b. Odd c. Indeterminate d. 42 200. The sum of the checksum and data at the receiver is _______ if there are no errors. a. -0 b. +0 c. The complement of the checksum d. The complement of the data 200. The sum of the checksum and data at the receiver is _______ if there are no errors. a. -0 b. +0 c. The complement of the checksum d. The complement of the data 201. The Hamming code is a method of _______. a. Error detection b. Error correction c. Error encapsulation d. (a) and (b) 201. The Hamming code is a method of _______. a. Error detection b. Error correction c. Error encapsulation d. (a) and (b) 202. In CRC there is no error if the remainder at the receiver is _______. a. Equal to the remainder at the sender b. Zero c. Nonzero d. The quotient at the sender 202. In CRC there is no error if the remainder at the receiver is _______. a. Equal to the remainder at the sender b. Zero c. Nonzero d. The quotient at the sender 203. In CRC the quotient at the sender _______. a. Becomes the dividend at the receiver b. Becomes the divisor at the receiver c. Is discarded d. Is the remainder 203. In CRC the quotient at the sender _______. a. Becomes the dividend at the receiver b. Becomes the divisor at the receiver c. Is discarded d. Is the remainder 204. Which error detection method involves the use of parity bits? a. Simple parity check b. Two-dimensional parity check c. CRC d. (a) and (b) 204. Which error detection method involves the use of parity bits? a. Simple parity check b. Two-dimensional parity check c. CRC d. (a) and (b) 205. Which error detection method can detect a single-bit error? a. Simple parity check b. Two-dimensional parity check c. CRC d. All of the above 205. Which error detection method can detect a single-bit error? a. Simple parity check b. Two-dimensional parity check c. CRC d. All of the above 206. Which error detection method can detect a burst error? a. The parity check b. Two-dimensional parity check c. CRC d. (b) and (c) 206. Which error detection method can detect a burst error? a. The parity check b. Two-dimensional parity check c. CRC d. (b) and (c) 207. At the CRC generator, _______ added to the data unit before the division process. a. 0s are b. 1s are c. The polynomial is d. The CRC remainder is 207. At the CRC generator, _______ added to the data unit before the division process. a. 0s are b. 1s are c. The polynomial is d. The CRC remainder is 208. At the CRC generator, _______ added to the data unit after the division process. a. 0s are b. 1s are c. The polynomial is d. The CRC remainder is 208. At the CRC generator, _______ added to the data unit after the division process. a. 0s are b. 1s are c. The polynomial is d. The CRC remainder is 209. At the CRC checker, _______ means that the data unit is damaged. a. A string of 0s b. A string of 1s c. A string of alternating 1s and 0s d. A nonzero remainder 209. At the CRC checker, _______ means that the data unit is damaged. a. A string of 0s b. A string of 1s c. A string of alternating 1s and 0s d. A nonzero remainder