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    New Navi Mumbai

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    Divya Singh
    The document summarizes the origin and development of the city of Varanasi, India. It describes how Varanasi was originally settled by Aryan migrants along the Ganges river around 1500-800 BC. It grew as a religious and cultural center, coming under control of various empires over the centuries. The British took over administration in 1794 and expanded urban areas and trade. Varanasi remains an important religious center located along the Ganges, with a population spread across three mounds resembling Shiva's trident.

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    New Navi Mumbai

    Uploaded by

    Divya Singh
    82 views23 pages
    The document summarizes the origin and development of the city of Varanasi, India. It describes how Varanasi was originally settled by Aryan migrants along the Ganges river around 1500-800 BC. It grew as a religious and cultural center, coming under control of various empires over the centuries. The British took over administration in 1794 and expanded urban areas and trade. Varanasi remains an important religious center located along the Ganges, with a population spread across three mounds resembling Shiva's trident.

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    The document summarizes the origin and development of the city of Varanasi, India. It describes how Varanasi was originally settled by Aryan migrants along the Ganges river around 1500-800 BC. It grew as a religious and cultural center, coming under control of various empires over the centuries. The British took over administration in 1794 and expanded urban areas and trade. Varanasi remains an important religious center located along the Ganges, with a population spread across three mounds resembling Shiva's trident.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    82 views23 pages

    New Navi Mumbai

    Uploaded by

    Divya Singh
    The document summarizes the origin and development of the city of Varanasi, India. It describes how Varanasi was originally settled by Aryan migrants along the Ganges river around 1500-800 BC. It grew as a religious and cultural center, coming under control of various empires over the centuries. The British took over administration in 1794 and expanded urban areas and trade. Varanasi remains an important religious center located along the Ganges, with a population spread across three mounds resembling Shiva's trident.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 23

    PRESENTATION ON

    Submitted by :-
    KUMAR VIPUL
    BARCH/15021/14
    B.ARCH 8TH SEM
    “ The name Varanasi, according to the Vamon Purana, is located in between two rivers, the Varuna in the
    north and the Assi in the South on the bank of Ganga and from the combination of the names of the two
    streams Varanasi was derived.”

    - Such statements are also seen in "Kashi Mahatmya“


    in padma purana.
    - The oldest name of Varanasi was Kashi deriving from
    its inhabitants known as Kashis which were the first
    Aryan settlers about 5000 years ago.
    - The name Kashi is derived from the King Kasa,
    the seventh King of Manu dynesty and is a reputed seat
    of Aryan Philosophy and religion.
    ORIGIN OF THE CITY :
    During flood, when everything else is submerged in flood waters, the natural levee with a relative relief of 5-7
    meters above the lowest level in the flood basin, the surface on which varanasi was developed.

    SETTLEMENT :
    Due to the dried bed of the Saraswati Permanent settlement and agricultural GUPTA PERIOD
    river aryan marched towards the east led to trade and other occupation. (4th – 6th century
    along the ganga and yamuna plains B.C.)
    from 1500-800B.C.

    Aryan expansion from harappa and mohen jo Settlement of aryans near ganga known
    as Rajghat
    PRATIHARAS AND GAHADAVALAS CHRONOLOGICAL ORDER OF
    (8th – 10th century B.C.) SETTLEMENT

    The gahadavalas provided strong Varanasi established as celestial-archetypal cities where the
    Hindu leadership. material environment expresses the parallelism between
    The rajghat plateau had once served macro-, meso- and microcosmos, regrouping them to form a
    as the centre of the royal capital . sacred spatial system.

    It contains five sacred temtories, symbolizing whole- ness:


    five is Shiva's number. Shiva, one among the trinity of Hindu
    pantheon is the controller of time and the destroyer of the
    universe; he is Varanasi's patron deity.
    MUGHAL PERIOD : ESTABLISHMENT OF
    BRITISH PERIOD
    (18TH – 19TH century B.C.) RAMNAGAR :

    Expansion of trade and Alliance of gosains and rajputs In 1794, Banaras came under
    territory. built the fort at ramnagar. british administration.
    Urban areas of banaras
    continued to expand.
    Houses were demolished to
    widen roads.

    Destruction of ramnagar.
    SPATIAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE TRADITIONAL CORE :

    The city topography consists of 3 mounds resembling LORD SHIVA’S TRISHUL.


    DEVELOPMENT OF THE ROAD NETWORK:
    DEVELOPMENT OF THE CITY AND CONNECTIVITY:

    Varansi is well connected to


    1. Jaunpur 5. mirzapur
    2. Azamgarh 6.Allahabad
    3. Ghajipur 7. Badohi
    4. Kolkata
    ◉ The city enjoys a commanding position on
    the crescent shaped left bank of the holy
    river Ganga, lying between 25° 0 to 25° 16 N
    and 85° 5 to 83° 1 E
    ◉ Situated along the holy bank of the Uttar
    Vahini, the river Ganga flows northerly
    instead of the usual south easterly flow has
    made the city so stable and enviable that it is
    amongst the few cities of the world which
    shows little shifting in its site (Singh, 1955).
    PHYSIOGRAPHY TOPOGRAPHY AND DRAINAGE:

    - Numerous tanks and nalas characterized the ancient


    topography and the drainage system of the city.
    - The highest ground is near the confluence of Varuna and
    Ganga rivers, known as the Rajghat Plateau, lying 83.82m
    above the mean sea level, and about 15m above the lowest
    level of the river Ganga.
    - The tanks of Dhaneshra, Ishwargangi and Machchodari
    used to drain into the Varuna river through the Mandakini
    nala and Bulanala.
    - The tanks of Rewadi (RewadiTalab), BeniaBag,
    Surajkund, Pitarkunda, Pichasmochan, and Khojwan
    used to drain in the river Ganga, through its two
    tributaries, the Saryu and the Godavari. Most of these
    are still in the shape of ponds but do not drain out
    anywhere.
    Temperature RELATIVE HUMIDITY RAINFALL
    1. Yearly mean Navi Mumbai being coastal region,
    experiences heavy rainfall from the south
    maximum west monsoons.

    temperature – The monsoon usually begins from the first


    week of June.
    187.69°c Rainfall continues till the end of September
    with a break of few days in the middle.
    2. Yearly mean
    minimum
    temperature - Humidity is maximum in
    62.22°c the month of january and
    july and minimum in
    march.
    DEMOGRAPHY
    - quantitative analysis of population.

    Distribution of population Density of population Sex Ratio


    OCCUPATIONAL STRUCTURE

    The composition of working


    force of population is of major
    importance for several
    economic and social
    characteristics of population.

    - In the year 1961, out of the total


    population of 110671 persons
    47827 persons were grouped
    under the category of workers.

    - Where as in 2001 census


    out of the total population of
    1051085 persons, 391396
    persons were workers.
    LAND UTILIZATION
    Polycentric Approach for
    INITIAL LAND USE PATTERN
    development
    - The polycentric approach based on
    principle of decentralization.
    - It avoids concentration of population, and
    activities in a particular area rather it works
    like ‘bunch of grapes’ and focused on
    decentralization and balance distribution of
    residential areas, job centers, wholesale
    markets, non polluting industries and
    population density and other activities in
    different nodes / areas of the city.
    - The planners of Navi Mumbai divide the
    city into 14 nodes which are as follows.
    1. Airoli 2. Ghansoli
    3. Kopar – kharane 4. Vashi
    5. Sanpada 6. Nerul
    7. Belapur 8. Kharghar
    9. Komathe 10. New panvel
    11. Dronagiri 12. Ulwe
    13. Pushpak 14. Kalamboli
    Airoli development plan Ghansoli development plan

    Vashi development plan Kharghar development plan


    Belapur development plan Daronagri development plan

    Nerul development plan Ulwe development plan


    DEVELOPMENT PLAN INDUSTRIES
    OF NAVI MUMBAI

    TYPES OF INDUSTRIES
    - CIDCO explored a Transit Oriented Development and Transit oriented land use pattern to develop transport infrastructure of Navi
    Mumbai.
    - Transit Oriented Development (TOD) is a mixed use residential or commercial area designed to maximize access to public transport, and
    often incorporates features to encourage transit utility.
    1. ROADS : Total road network in Navi Mumbai is around 650
    Km long. This road network connects all nodes of Navi Mumbai
    and as well as neighboring towns. CIDCO built 8 large and 16
    medium level bridges in the Navi Mumbai which are as follows :
    2. RAILWAYS : Suburban railway network of navi mumbai is life
    Line of navi mumbai. The entire railway network in city is
    Admeasuring 20kms.
    Following are the different corrridors of railway network:
    1. Mankhurd – Belapur – Panvel Line
    2. Thane – Turbhe – Nerul/Vashi Line, and Kalwa Turbhe Goods
    3. WATER TRANSPORT : Navi Mumbai has major port of India i.e JNPT, today JNPT with 3 operational terminals India’s
    No. 1 port in handling container traffic.
    4. AIR TRANSPORT : In 2008 Government of Maharashtra gives its approval for development of Airport on PPP
    (Public – Private partnership) basis and appointed CIDCO as nodal agency for its implementation. The project is yet to
    start.
    - PARKING FACILITIES :
    1. TRUCK TERMINALS : Kalamboli has become a transport hub due to its unique location and proximity with
    JNPT. Keeping this in mind CIDCO had built truck terminal at Vashi APMC and Kalamboli which absorb this floating
    population of the vehicles by providing them ample parking place and other facilities and prevent them to enter in other
    part of city.
    2. PAY AND PARK FACILITIES : CIDCO planned parking facilities at every railway station, market place and other
    commercial places in the city.
    3. PARKING FACILITIES IN RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS : CIDCO also issue The General Development Control
    Regulation (GDCR) for the private builders. This GDCR make it compulsory for the builders to leave some space open to
    be used as parking facility.
    COMMERCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE :
    - The employment base of Navi Mumbai was planned
    to encompass manufacturing, trade and commerce
    (wholesale and warehousing), as well as service sector jobs.
    - A Special Economic Zone (SEZ) is a special duty
    -free enclave designed to promote foreign investments in a comprehensive range of economic
    activities from manufacturing at one end to trading and
    financial services on the other all operating in an unrestrained business environment.
    - NMSEZ (Navi Mumbai Special Economic Zone) is located in the heart of Navi
    Mumbai and comprises four zones, namely Dronagiri, Kalamboli, ulwe and jnpt area. The NMSEZ is
    aimed to provide for world-class infrastructure, utilities, service for business, living, learning,
    recreation and healthcare.
    - Provision of schools and colleges was
    priority in the planning of Navi Mumbai.
    - The nodes (townships) were designed to
    provide one primary school per 5,000
    populations, one high school for 12,500
    populations and one college for 50,000
    population.
    - Each of the nodes is
    - self-sufficient in terms of providing
    quality education.
    THANK YOU
    Submitted by :-
    DIVYA DARSHI
    BARCH/15043/14
    B.ARCH 8TH SEM

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