Weld Joint Design 03
Weld Joint Design 03
Weld Joint Design 03
Partially
Penetrated weld t
Weld with
defects
Weld with
poor
contour
Weld strength
Using a filler metal that results in weld metal
with matching strength of base material.
Achieving full penetration of the thickness in
a groove weld and the required design size in
fillet welds
Obtaining a sound, defect free weld joint free
from fusion related discontinuities
SMAW PROCESS
SMAW PROCESS Penetration
P
SMAW PROCESS Penetration
P
Full Penetration can be Penetration
achieved when welded
from both sides
SMAW PROCESS
Full Penetration can be
achieved when the root Penetration
gap is increased by
providing a backing plate
SMAW PROCESS
Penetration
Root Face
Root Gap
When welding can be done from both sides,
chamfer can be provided on both sides
Included Angle ()
Depends on
The diameter of the electrode
The position of welding
The thickness of the plates
The type of joint
Excess weld metal due increases with groove angle
Root Face (Rf)
Depends on
Thickness
Effect of Edge Preparation on distortion
Strong back
10
Free
Distortion
h1: h2 - 7:3
5 h1
h1: h2 - 6:4 h2
h1: h2 - 1:1
h1: h2 - 4:6
welding process
Welding Position
Thickness of the section
The thermal properties of the material
Asymmetric Groove angle for welding in Horizontal position
to reduce the gravitational effect on the weld pool
S2
2
g
1
s1
= 55
G = 1.6 3.15 mm
S = 1.6 - 3.15 mm
1= 10-15
2= 45-50
Groove angle formation by positioning the
members for welding
g
Groove angle for welding to avoid burning away outer corner
of vertical member
d2
d1
Compound Groove angle for welding Fixed
in thicker sections
1 = 30 40
2 = 20
Symmetrical and Asymmetrical J-Groove type weld
preparations
Corner joint with different groove preparations
Weld sizing
Improper
selection
Of edge
preparation
Results in
over welding
WRI
Recommended Groove angles in relation to
thickness
Thickness T inch Groove type
T < 3/4 SV
T - 1/2 to 2 DV
T < 3/4 SB
T - to 2 DB
T - 3/4 to 1.5 SJ
T > 1.5 DJ
T - 3/4 to 1.5 SU
T > 1.5 DU
Fillet welds Convexity
Leg Size
Leg Size
Effective throat
Theoretical throat
Convexity
Actual throat
Leg Size
Theoretical throat
Convex fillet weld
aa
Concavity
Actual throat
Leg Size
Theoretical throat
Convex fillet weld
Double
grooved fillet
weld
0.5 t
60
0.29 t
0.29 t
13 mm
Weld area = 80 mm 2
Single
grooved weld
13 mm
Weld area = 80 mm 2
Single
grooved
weld with
reinforcing 13 mm
fillet
60
Weld area = 90 mm 2
13 Weld area reduces with
mm
grooved fillet welds.
Preparation cost gets
added.
13
13
mm
mm
60
Weld area Weld area
0.5 in 2 0.250 in 2
20
Relative cost
of fillet
Relative cost
10
0 1.5 2.0
0.5 1.0
Plate Thickness in inches
Throat stress, N /mm2 100 150 200
40 30
35 25
20 15
15
10
10
5 5
1 2 3 4 5 6
Load, kN / mm
Fillet weld design chart showing strength of welds in terms of
load / mm
Fillet sizing
5
Heat Input kJ/ mm
4
3
GW
2
SMAW
GTAW
SAW
1
CO2 PAW
EBW
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Process Productivity
JOINING
Hard Facing
HARD FACING
REPAIR & RECLAMATION
Assembly
Welding Repair
welding
SELECTION OF WELDING PROCESS
Factors To be Considered
MATERIAL TO BE WELDED
JOINT DESIGN & SHAPE
THICKNESS OF SECTIONS WELDED
POSITION IN WHICH WELDING IS CARRIED OUT
PRODUCTIVITY
COST
SELECTION OF WELDING PROCESS
SELECTION OF WELDING PROCESS
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