Seminar

Fuel Injection System In Diesel
Engine
Sukhpreet Singh Jhajj

Mechanical Engg.
Group 2
Semester -7th
What is a Pump?
Pump is the know as the heart of the engine.
It is used in all the diesel vehicles.
Its work is to suck fuel from the tank and
supply it to the engine cylinder for

Combustion with high pressure.
Need of Pump
Both engines convert fuel into energy via a
series of minor explosions or combustions.

However, the way the combustion happens is
different in both engines. In gasoline engine,
the air is mixed with fuel and the combined
substance gets compressed by pistons. The
explosion is ignited by a spark. On the other
hand, in a diesel engine, air is compressed first
which causes the air to heat up. Then the fuel
is injected, which ignites the explosion.
Who developed this?
It was developed by Sir Robert Bosch in
Germany during the late 1927.
Types of Pump
Inline or Multi-cylinder Pump
Single cylinder Pump
Distributor or Rotor Pump
Common Rail System
Inline Fuel Injection Pump

Technical
Operation
characteristics
The in-line fuel-injection
pump is lubricated by
the engine oil circuit, it
can also cope with lower
fuel grades. Long-lasting
reliability and durability
are only guaranteed if
regular maintenance is
carried out.
Pressure given by this
pump is 550 bar
The cylinders are
arranged in a row. Each

individual cylinder is
supplied with fuel by its
own plunger-and-barrel
assembly via a pressure
valve. The engine drives
the pump's camshaft via
cogs or a chain. The pump
runs half as fast as the
engine synchronously to
the piston movements.
Working Principal
When the vehicle starts the
pump sucks the fuel from the

fuel tank. With the help of feed
pump.
The fuel is filtered with the
help of fuel filter.
Then it goes inside the pump.
Then the work of the barrel
and plunger starts by the
timing of the firing order they
create the high pressure and
gives out through injectors to
the nozzles. The extra fuel left
in the nozzle is returned back
to pump by returning valve.
Inline Pump
Inline Pump
Advantages:-
Disadvantages:-
Easy to repair as each
Exhaust too high.

Low pressure.
of the cylinder have its

own barrel so easy to
find the fault.
Caters to requirment of
2-12 cylinder with 25hp
to 540hp output.
Speed range upto
3500rpm
Meets upto Euro 3
Emission only.
Distributor Pump or Rotor Pump

It was also developed by BOSCH.
It was designed because inline pump was
bulky and its size was too big.

It is the compact pump it generates even
more pressure than the inline pump.
The pressure is near about 950bar.
It has a mechanical governor to maintain the
fuel supply
Distributor Pump
Technical
Operation
Characteristic
The Distributor Pump is
lubricated by the Fuel. It
cannot cope with lower
grade fuel. It is durable
and has a high life than
the inline pump.
It is a single pump it
dont have barrel for

each of the injectors.
Only one pump with the
help of camplate the
firing order is
maintained.
Working Principle
The fuel is sucked into the
pump with the help of vane

pump present inside the
pump.
The fuel is also used for
lubrication inside the pump
because it dont allow the
lubrication oil to come inside
that.
One distributor head is used to
supply the fuel to the injectors
according to the timing set by
the cam plate.
Mechanical governer is used
during the fluctuation of speed
to maintain fuel supply
Distributor Pump
Distributor Pump
Advantages :-
Disadvantages :-
Designed to achieve
High care is required as
low exhaust emission.

Compact and light
weight.
Easy adaptability to
variety of engine
requirement.
Speed range upto
5000rpm.
it uses diesel as a
lubrication if the
lubricating oil enters
the pump or the water
enters inside the pump
it gets damaged.
Common Rail System

It is the new technology used now a days.
It generates high pressure than all the pump
made till now.

Pressure is near about 1450bar.
It functions with the help of ECU.
It was first introduced for the light vehicles.
Now a days it is also used in heavy vehicles.
Working Principle
The fuel is first sucked form the fuel tank the comes to the fuel filter.
The it comes to a high pressure pump which pressurise the fuel upto
1450 bar.
High pressure pump has 3 pistons or plunger inside this which is used
to increase pressure.
It dont have any governor all the speed and fuel supply is
maintained by the ECU.
Then the fuel is send to the common rail or the pipe which maintains
the pressure at the same level as given out by the pump.
Then by the ECU according to the firing order it is released out from
the pipe to the injectors.
Common Rail System
Common Rail System

Advantages:-
Disadvantages:-
High pressure.
Constant pressure.
ECU damaged it stops
No mechanical power
needed.
Accuracy more.
working.
Not water resistant.
No repairment of
common rail.
Comparison between Conventional vs.

Common rail
Conventional
Fuel metering
Common rail
Mechanical
governor
Fuel metering
Engine ECU,
injector
Injection timing
control
Engine ECU,
injector
High Pressure
Pump, ECU
Injection timing
control
Mechanical
timer
Fuel pressure
build up
Pump
Fuel pressure
build up
Fuel distribution
Pump
Fuel distribution Engine ECU,

Rail
Injection
pressure control
Depend on
engine speed
Injection
Engine ECU,
pressure control Metering Valve
THANK YOU

Seminar

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Seminar

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Description:

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Seminar

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Fuel Injection System In Diesel

Sukhpreet Singh Jhajj

supply it to the engine cylinder for

Both engines convert fuel into energy via a

series of minor explosions or combustions.

Who developed this?

It was developed by Sir Robert Bosch in

Germany during the late 1927.

Inline Fuel Injection Pump

The cylinders are

arranged in a row. Each

pump sucks the fuel from the

Easy to repair as each

Exhaust too high.

of the cylinder have its

Meets upto Euro 3

Distributor Pump or Rotor Pump

bulky and its size was too big.

dont have barrel for

pump with the help of vane

High care is required as

low exhaust emission.

Common Rail System

made till now.

Common Rail System

Common Rail System

ECU damaged it stops

Comparison between Conventional vs.

Fuel distribution Engine ECU,

You might also like