This document discusses a control system project report on brushless DC (BLDC) motors. It begins with an introduction to BLDC motors, noting their increasing popularity due to high efficiency, good dynamic response, and low maintenance. It then provides details on the mathematical model of BLDC motors, including equations for the motor terminal voltages, phase current, and back-EMF. Finally, it presents the objectives of comparing the time response characteristics of a BLDC motor using different controller designs, specifically fuzzy PID, genetic algorithm based PID, and QFT controllers.
This document discusses a control system project report on brushless DC (BLDC) motors. It begins with an introduction to BLDC motors, noting their increasing popularity due to high efficiency, good dynamic response, and low maintenance. It then provides details on the mathematical model of BLDC motors, including equations for the motor terminal voltages, phase current, and back-EMF. Finally, it presents the objectives of comparing the time response characteristics of a BLDC motor using different controller designs, specifically fuzzy PID, genetic algorithm based PID, and QFT controllers.
This document discusses a control system project report on brushless DC (BLDC) motors. It begins with an introduction to BLDC motors, noting their increasing popularity due to high efficiency, good dynamic response, and low maintenance. It then provides details on the mathematical model of BLDC motors, including equations for the motor terminal voltages, phase current, and back-EMF. Finally, it presents the objectives of comparing the time response characteristics of a BLDC motor using different controller designs, specifically fuzzy PID, genetic algorithm based PID, and QFT controllers.
This document discusses a control system project report on brushless DC (BLDC) motors. It begins with an introduction to BLDC motors, noting their increasing popularity due to high efficiency, good dynamic response, and low maintenance. It then provides details on the mathematical model of BLDC motors, including equations for the motor terminal voltages, phase current, and back-EMF. Finally, it presents the objectives of comparing the time response characteristics of a BLDC motor using different controller designs, specifically fuzzy PID, genetic algorithm based PID, and QFT controllers.
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HAWASSAUNIVERSITY INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
FACULTY OF MANUFACTURING ENGINEERING
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTROMECHANICAL ENGINEERING Control System Project Report Chapter 1
Preview: A control system consists of interconnected components to achieve a desired purpose. In this chapter, we discuss open- and closed-loop feedback control systems Early systems incorporated many of the basic ideas of feedback that are employed in modern control systems. A design process is presented that encompasses the establishment of goals and variables to be controlled, definition of specifications, system definition, modeling, and analysis. INTRODUCTION Brushless DC (BLDC) motors are one of the electrical drives that are rapidly gaining popularity, due to their high efficiency, good dynamic response and low maintenance. BLDC motors are used in industries such as Appliances, HVAC industry, medical, electric traction, road vehicles, aircrafts, military equipment, hard disk drive, etc. Comparing BLDC motors with DC motors, the DC motor have high starting torque capability, smooth speed control and the ability to control their torque and flux easily and independently. But in the DC motor, the power losses occur mainly in the rotor which limits the heat transfer and consequently the armature winding current density, while in BLDC motor the power losses are practically all in the stator where heat can be easily transferred through the frame, or cooling systems can be used specially in large machines. The time response characteristics of the BLDC Motor are observed and compared from the design of different controllers. The different types controller design techniques that are used for the speed control of Brush Less DC motor involves 1. Fuzzy PID controller 2. Genetic Algorithm based PID controller 3. QFT Controller. Conventional PID controllers are commonly used in industry due to their simplicity, clear functionality and ease of implementation. II. BLDC MOTOR There are mainly two types of dc motors used in industry. The first one is the conventional dc motor where the flux is produced by the current through the field coil of the stationary pole structure. The second type is the brushless dc motor (BLDC motor) where the permanent magnet provides the necessary air gap flux instead of the wire-wound field poles [3]. This kind of motor not only has the advantages of DC motor such as better velocity capability and no mechanical commutator , but also has the advantage of AC motor such as simple structure, higher reliability and free maintenance. In addition, brushless DC motor has the following advantages: smaller volume, high force, and simple system structure. Brushless DC motors (BLDC) contain a powerful permanent magnet rotor and fixed stator windings. The stationary stator windings are usually three phases, which means that three separate voltages are supplied to the three different sets of windings. Fig. 1 shows the electrical diagram of BLDC motor. It consists of a phase resistance (R) and an inductance (L) respectively.
BLDC motor windings
where Rs and Ls are the stator resistance and inductance, Usi is the motor terminal voltages, isi is the phase current and ei is the back-EMF associated with the ith phase. The potential of the motor neutral terminal in
MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF BLDC
The dynamic model of the BLDC motor is arrived from the following set of equations.
Where R is the stator resistance per phase assumed to be equal for all three phases. The emfs ea , eb , ec are trapezoidal where Ep is the peak value. Fig.4 MATLAB model of BLDC
