Fire PPT Iiitd
Fire PPT Iiitd
Fire PPT Iiitd
88% deaths were caused due to inhalation of smoke & toxic gases
5% 7%
Death Due to Burn Injuries Jumping to death
88%
Objectives
Understand the combustion process and different fire classes. Understand fire extinguisher types, operating procedures, capabilities, and limitations. Understand basic firefighting concepts:
F I N D
I N F O R M
R E S T R I C T
E X T I N G U I S H
FIREis a chemical reaction between oxygen and fuel and it evolves heat after reaction.
CLASSIFICATION OF FIRE
CLASS-A FIRE
A fire involving ordinary combustible materials such as paper, wood, cloth and plastic materials.
CLASS-B FIRE
A fire involving combustible or flammable liquids grease,tar oil based Paints and similar materials.
CLASS C FIRE
A fire involving energized electrical Equipment where safety to the employee requires the use of electrically non-conductive extinguishing media
CLASS-D FIRE
A fire involving combustible
COMPONENTS OF FIRE
FIRE TRIANGLE
FUEL
STARVATION
Cutting of supply of combustible materials ( e.g. closing fuel supply line, removing wood, paper etc. )
3 SMOOTHERING - REMOVAL OF OXYGEN
Removing Oxygen supply to fire for e.g. CO2 & DCP extinguishers, using fire blankets etc.
FIRE
Slave control panel is located in each block. Main Control Panel is located in BMS integrated to each slave panel. The smoke /Heat detectors are installed by the floor occupants and are connected to the Fire Control panel.
The main panel has inbuilt zone wise fire detector and automatic alarm on all floors, through an amplifier. In case of Fire ,Fire Control Panel will indicate location, Time, Date. We shall control the alarm sound by Fire Control Panel.
Portable Fire Extinguisher. As per classification of Fire, Portable Fire Extinguishers are utilized for First Aid Fire Fighting. Fire Hydrant System Incase of fire we connect delivery hoses in hydrant and use the water for extinguish the fire. Sprinkler System Sprinkling system provided on roof top all around building at each floor to give a protection for fire extinguishing by water spray in an particular area/room. This system operate automatically on an particular fixed temperature.
Introduction Portable fire extinguishers can be found around the workplace or at building. They are an effective means of extinguishing accidental fires in the early stages and are intended to be used by the normal, relatively untrained user. The different types of portable fire extinguishers, the types of fire they are suitable for, and the suitable fire fighting techniques for using the equipment. Types of Fire A fire extinguisher is not for all kinds of fire and situations. Therefore, before learning to use a fire extinguisher, we have to understand different types of fires. Class A Fires: Normal combustibles such as wood, paper, cloth and other solid carbonaceous materials. Class B Fires: Flammable liquids such as petrol, lubricating oil, gas oil, naphtha, alcohols etc. Class C Fires: Gases emerging as burning jets from an orifice or fissure. Class D Fires: Flammable metals such as magnesium, titanium, sodium, and the radioactive metals. Electrical Fires may be another unique class of fire due to the hazard of electrocution. However, they have not been given a separate classification
DISCHARGE TUBE
DISCHARGE NOZZLE
BODY
Water Type Foam Type CO2 Dry Chemical Powder Clean Agent Gas
PRESSURIZED WATER
Class A fires only.
A Trash W ood Paper A Trash W ood Paper
discharge time).
B Liquids Grease B Liquids Grease
Has pressure gauge to allow visual capacity check. 10-12 mt. maximum effective range.
Can be started and stopped as necessary. Extinguishes by cooling burning material below the ignition point.
Class A or B fires
Total capacity 9 Lt. (up to 5-6 mt. range) It contains 8.5 Lt. water And 500 ml. AFFF Extinguishes by smothering burning materials.
Foam type
CONSTRUCTION This extinguisher consists of a
Foam type
METHOD OF OPERATION:
Keep the extinguisher on the ground or platform Withdraw the branch pipe from its seat, swing back the safety clip and press down the knob with the palm. This action releases Co2 gas from the cartridge and pressurizes the extinguisher body.
capacity verified by weight. 1-3 m t. maximum effective range. Extinguishes by smothering burning materials. Effectiveness decreases as temperature of burning material increases.
HANDLE
CYLINDER
HORN
Carbon Dioxide
METHOD OF OPERATION:
HOSE VALVE
HANDLE
CYLINDER
HORN
control the flow of the gas turning the wheel valve in clockwise direction.
discharge time).
Has pressure gauge to allow visual capacity check. 2-6 mt maximum effective range.
CATRIDGE
HOSE
cylindrical body onto which a cap union is screwed. The cap union is having the
OUTER CONTAINER
CATRIDGE
press down the knob with the palm. This releases Co2 gas from the cartridge and pressurizes the extinguisher body.
NOZZEL
This pressure pushes the dry powder out which comes out as a stream. The stream of powder is directed towards the BASE of fire.
USE Suitable for Class A, B fires. IS Code: 13949 -1993 Size of Fire Extinguishers 0.5, 1, 2, 5, 10kg and C
Eco friendly Gas filled cylinders. Simple to operate Also available as self actuated cylinders which burst automatically when temp rises beyond 60 deg Celcius.
USE
PASS System
PASS-
Pull
Aim Squeeze Sweep
Pull
Squeeze
oSqueeze the top handle or lever. This depresses a button that releases the pressurized extinguishing agent in the extinguisher
Fire Detection & Alarm System Main control panel is located in the BMS room Slave panels integrated with Main panel is located in each block. The smoke /Heat detectors are installed by the floor occupants and are connected to the main panel. All AHU and other ventilation / pressurization systems are operationally hooked-up with fire alarm/detection system. Fire fighting system : The following fire fighting system are provided with the above detection and alarm system. Fire Pumps (Hydrant pump, Sprinkler pump, Jockey pump and diesel driven pump) Fire Hydrants , Hose reels , Fire Extinguishers , Sprinkler System & PA System
Signage
Fire Alarm:
If the system detects any abnormal heat/smoke it shall set of an alarm. The alarm may sound in the form of a hooter. They get activated when the temp.in the area increases above the 68 deg.C.
Water sprinkler :
Pressurized wet riser are provide in the building to which 63 mm hose pipes can be connected for carrying out fire fighting by the trained person.
Hose Reels :
Hose reels are also provided on wet riser. In case of small fire ,individual can use these to extinguish the fire. .
Fire Extinguishers: Fire Extinguishers have been provided at different fire points next to Fire Hydrant chest as follows:a) Water Type b) Co2 Type c) ABC Type Dry Chemical Powder DG Area: Provided with major Fire Fighting Equipment: a) 50 ltr trolley mounted foam Type Extinguisher. b) Water and sand bucket arrangement. Panel Room: Provided with 10 Kg trolley mounted Fire Extinguisher. Server Room: Provided with Following Clean Agent Fire Extinguishers:a) Self actuated ceiling mounted 5kg fire extinguishers b) Two Kg wall mounted clean fire extinguishers
Dos The occupant entity should designate one senior member as a warden from each floor. Good housekeeping must be ensured. Dont smoke inside the building. All receptacles for waste should be emptied at regular intervals. Faulty electrical appliances should be replaced immediately. Welding, cutting jobs should be carried out under strict supervision. Fire rescue drills should be carried at regular intervals. Dont Dont plug too many electrical appliances in one socket Dont paint fire detector/sprinkler heads.
Smoking
Combustible materials
R A C
Rescue
Alarm
Contain
Extinguish
Fire Fighting
Emergency Procedure
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Alarm- Fire Fire Fire Shut Down electrical supply to the area. Dont place your own life in danger If you feel comfortable collect fire extinguisher Choose the correct extinguisher and go to the fire Extinguish fire
7.
Assembly Point is the pre decided safe area for assembling of the occupant employees. Where they stand safely in case of emergency.
All employees of the occupant will assemble at this point in case of emergency. After assembling all floor in charges will verify their respective floor. After counting all floor in charges will inform to security officer about any missing person. Security officer along with rescue team will search the missing person and evacuate him/her to assembly area. Required first aid to be provided to the injured person.