2018 수능특강 영어독해연습
2018 수능특강 영어독해연습
2018 수능특강 영어독해연습
제 3 교시 영어 영역
3. 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?
제 01강 In any organization, decision makers often find themselves
working with simplified data that lacks any sort of context.
1. 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은? They often deal with information in the abstract instead of
experiencing it for themselves. In many cases, their
Having worked with many clients over the years, I have
disconnection from customers forces them to rely on so-called
been occasionally surprised to watch as one of them experienced
authorities who are anything but. Having an intuitive
an amazing “aha!” of recognition and had an internal shift
understanding of other people can help overcome these
after watching a movie. These clients were able to identify
challenges. _________ for the people you serve can make the
with characters who had struggles similar to their own. But
abstract more grounded and immediate because that information
while they identified with the characters, it was also somehow
is now connected to a real person you know. It can provide
easier to maintain their distance “outside” the experience. In
context for the data we receive by incorporating factors left
other words, they maintained an __________ perspective. In
off the map. And this kind of connection to other people can,
some cases, instead of identifying with a character, the client
over time, provide the kind of deep experience in a territory
was highly critical of them. Either way, the same active
that people inside an organization need to identify new
principles seemed to apply, and combining the movie experience
opportunities.
with psychological exploration during our sessions had powerful
results. *off the map 중요하지 않은, 잊혀진
① insider ② observer ③ idealistic ① Empathy ② Sacrifice ③ Gratitude
④ affectionate ⑤ open-hearted ④ Independence ⑤ Responsibility
①
(A)
……
(B)
① insist on using the same door
② justify their dishonest behavior
However In fact
② ……
③ make themselves look resourceful
However In short
③ Nonetheless …… Similarly
④ Furthermore …… Similarly ④ find an alternate route to their goal
⑤ Furthermore …… In short ⑤ figure out what the experiment means
2 40 편집 by 가우디아
영어 영역 3
9. 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은? 11. 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?
In daily life, processes constantly come in conflict as the To learn what’s new in the world, you have to start with
objectives of one process directly oppose the objectives of what’s old. This is the paradox that explains why journalists
another. For example, every workday, millions of individuals are increasingly becoming part of the news goods they deliver.
climb into their cars to start the process known as going to In trying to attract your attention to their version of the day’s
work. For many, the primary objective of this process is to events, firms use many types of signals to convey what their
arrive at work at the proper time. If the individual feels that products will contain. The association of the delivery of the
this primary objective may not be achieved, then speed is at news with a particular anchor or reporter is one way for
a premium and other objectives fall by the wayside. This companies to signal what the news product will contain. Though
individual then runs into a significant conflict with another you may not yet know the day’s events, the personalities of
objective. Municipalities have developed a series of processes Peter Jennings, Larry King, Barbara Walters, Geraldo Rivera,
intended to ensure achievement of their primary objective related Mike Wallace, or Chris Matthews create for some consumers
to safe travel. Speed limits, stop signs, and traffic lanes all an image of the type of news they will experience. Though
work together to frustrate ________________ : The driver’s news involves learning about the unfamiliar, the familiarity
objective (the need for speed) comes in direct conflict with of readers or viewers with specific journalists becomes a way
the municipality’s objective (the need for safety). for news outlets to _________________________________.
*fall by the wayside 더 이상 고려되지 않다 ① hide public opinion completely
**municipality 지방자치단체 ② create expectations about their content
③ attract more commercial advertisements
① the broad-minded driver ④ decide whether to report a news item or not
② the time-conscious traveler ⑤ present the world view that journalists share
③ the profit-sharing passenger
④ the safety-oriented pedestrian
⑤ the environment-friendly commuter
3 40 편집 by 가우디아
4 영어 영역
3. 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?
제 02강 In 1840, the famous German chemist Baron Justus von Liebig,
also perhaps the best teacher of chemistry of his day, published
1. 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은? a book on organic chemistry. In the book, he argued that plants
do not feed directly on humus, as was then generally believed,
The dominant idea today is that, because creativity resides
but exist on simple, inorganic chemicals taken directly from
within the individual, we best expose it by telling stories of
those rare geniuses — the ones who made the Sistine Chapel,
the air and soil. By analyzing the chemical composition of
plants he was able to make a list of these substances, and
Hamlet or the light bulb. This model basically follows the
he showed that plant growth ceases if the availability of just
declaration made by Thomas Carlyle in the 1840s: “The history
one essential nutrient falls below a certain minimum, regardless
of the world is but the biography of great men.” The most
of the abundance of all other nutrients. In other words, it is
common alternative to the lone-genius model locates creativity
the availability of the scarcest nutrient, not the most abundant,
in ___________. See, for example, Herbert Spencer’s retort
that _________________________ : if the soil is deficient,
to Carlyle that “the genesis of the great man depends” on a
say, in boron, no amount of phosphorus will remedy the lack
“long series of complex influences.” “Before he can remake
and stimulate vigorous plant growth.
his society,” Spencer wrote, “his society must make him.” Rather
than focus on the solitary hero snatching inspiration from the *humus 부식질(지표 및 땅속에 존재하는 생물 이외의 유기물 총체)
heavens (or the unconscious), this concept emphasizes the long, **boron 붕소 ***phosphorus 인(비금속 원소)
meandering course of innovation. Instead of heroic individuals, ① overcomes the limits of detection
it prioritizes heroic cultures— the courts of sixteenth-century ② changes the chemical makeup of plants
Florence, say, or the coffee shops of Enlightenment London. ③ determines success or failure for plants
*retort 반론, 반박 *meandering (대화·논의 등이) 두서없이 진행되는 ④ profoundly affects soil organic matter levels
⑤ provides inaccurate predictions of crop yield Sentence Structure
① genes ② failures ③ insights
④ passions ⑤ networks
*antigen 항원(抗原)(생체 내에서 항체 형성을 촉진하는 독소·세균) wants his neighbors to see his car. He’ll park it in the driveway
**antibody 항체, 항독소 just to put it on display. He wants his friends and coworkers
to be aware of his ability to buy such a vehicle.
①
(A)
……
(B)
① feel guilty about their past
②
In contrast
……
For example
② get motivated by others’ work
③ gauge themselves against others
In contrast Moreover
③ Similarly …… However
④ Consequently …… However ④ engage in self-destructive behaviors
⑤ Consequently …… For example ⑤ trade in their cars for a newer model
5 40 편집 by 가우디아
6 영어 영역
9. 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은? 11. 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?
As children gain experience listening to stories, they begin Rap music flourished _______________. Most rap is
to develop an understanding that stories ____________. This performed by artists in their own homes, using inexpensive,
idea can be reinforced by repeated readings of the same story widely accessible equipment, in contrast to the sound studios
(generally at the child’s request), as children become so familiar and sophisticated recording equipment of other musical genres.
with the story that they can easily predict what will happen Rap music is mainly disseminated on homemade cassettes and
next. Sometimes writers of picture books build predictability by locally owned independent record companies. For a decade,
into the text with repeated actions or phrases or by using the the major recording companies resisted rap, and even in the
same sentence structure over and over again. Like patterned mid-1990s only a small portion of the music on the Billboard
language, predictable structures make stories easier for children rap singles chart was produced by the major labels. The radio
to listen to and comprehend. They also allow authors to introduce industry (which usually makes or breaks the success of any
more surprising or unusual elements successfully within a piece of music) ignored rap because its audience is not a priority
carefully constructed familiar context. The contrast between for radio advertisers to reach. For example, New York does
the predictable and the surprising elements often delights adults not have a single rap station, although it has two full-time
as well as children. classical radio stations.
① follow a regular sequence *disseminate 보급하다, 널리 퍼뜨리다
② focus on people’s challenges ① based on outstanding rhythmic skills
③ are told from different viewpoints ② without access to the music establishment
④ can be told through visual methods ③ in the process of transforming popular culture
⑤ continue to change with each retelling ④ working with the mainstream record industry
⑤ with little use of the traditional musical score
6 40 편집 by 가우디아
영어 영역 7
3. 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?
제 03강 Railroads allowed the North to benefit from its industrial
advantages during the Civil War. Military trains carried mobile
1. 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은? artillery. This allowed commanders to reposition heavy guns
for both defensive and offensive purposes. As the war went
A point to keep in mind when thinking about paranormal,
on, the military began to keep some artillery permanently
supernatural, and pseudo-scientific beliefs is that letting go
mounted on railcars. This reduced the preparation time for
of them is not necessarily a ____________ . Not only can
combat. Railcar artillery pieces were almost always ready to
thinking skeptically be safer and more economical over the
be thrust into battle. This was a marked improvement over
course of a lifetime, it doesn’t have to be any less fun, either.
the use of horses to haul big guns. Guns that were pulled
Whatever I may have lost by not believing in things like astrology
by horses required artillery platforms that had to be constructed
and ghosts, I am confident that I more than make up for it
and placed before the guns could engage in battle. With a
by embracing reality with great enthusiasm. All scientific
gun on a railway car, the bed of the car served as the artillery
discoveries to date and all the mysteries still to be solved excite
platform. In some cases, the rails allowed the car to absorb
me, and I find plenty of reason for optimism and hope, even
the shock of the gun’s firing by allowing the car to slide back
amid harsh realities. I understand that it may feel comforting
on the rails. This innovation eliminated the need for the continual
or stabilizing to believe that invisible forces influence us, but
______________ of a platform each time a military force moved
it can also be comforting and stabilizing to realize that as humans
an artillery piece.
we are smart enough and strong enough to face up to the
universe as it really is and get on with our lives. *artillery 대포 **be thrust into ~으로 투입되다
*paranormal 불가사의한 **pseudoscientific 유사 과학적인 ***haul (힘들여) 끌다
***amid ~ 속에서 ① rediscovery ② observation ③ advancement
① must ② reality ③ benefit ④ measurement ⑤ reconstruction
④ pleasure ⑤ sacrifice
8 40 편집 by 가우디아
영어 영역 9
9. 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은? 11. 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?
The tourism sector’s reaction to climate change has involved Scientific ideas are often counterintuitive to everyday
two different but related responses: mitigation and adaptation thinking. For example, when you place your hand on a piece
strategies. Mitigation refers to attempts to reduce the impact of metal in a room, it feels cool to your touch. When you
of tourism on climate change, while adaptation refers to attempts place your hand on a piece of wood in the same room it feels
to adapt tourism to climate changes and minimize climate change warmer to the touch. Many people will deduce that the
temperature of the metal is cooler than that of the wood. Yet,
risks. The tourism sector will also need to make adaptations
if the objects have been in the same room for any length of
in response to national mitigation strategies related to greenhouse
time, their temperatures will be equal. It turns out that when
gas emissions, hence the concepts are related. For instance,
you place your hand on metal, it conducts heat out of your
as a sector totally reliant on transport, national and international hand quickly, thus giving the impression that it is cold. The
mitigation policies related to greenhouse gas emissions are likely wood does not conduct heat as rapidly as the metal and therefore
to increase costs of transport and impact tourism mobility. There “feels” warmer than the metal. In other words,
are implications for slow travel which emphasizes traveling _____________________ that instead of everything in the room
to destinations more slowly and staying longer in one place being at room temperature, the metal is cooler than anything
rather than cramming in as many places as possible in a short else. Therefore our erroneous conclusion: Metal objects are
space of time. For example, it could be argued that slow travel always cooler than other objects in a room. Indeed, if you
should become a major mitigation response, as part of a cultural go from room to room and touch many objects, your idea
change, associated with _____________________. is reinforced and becomes more and more resistant to change.
*mitigation 완화
*counterintuitive 직관에 반대되는
① travel and trip distance reduction ① our biases have distorted the truth
② removal of unnecessary regulations ② the reality has changed our feeling
③ provision of fast and safe transport ③ our senses have fooled us into thinking
④ diverse tourism products to choose from ④ objective data have helped us to believe
⑤ reducing conflicts between locals and tourists ⑤ our intuition has prevented us from admitting
9 40 편집 by 가우디아
10 영어 영역
3. 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?
제 04강 Stanislavski warned, “Young actor, fear your admirers!” After
you enter the magic circle of self-deception, it is difficult to
1. 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은? escape the mendacity. It is pleasant to hear the flattery and
praise of your adoring admirers because you desperately want
The function of thought is to translate and interpret
to believe them. However, you should not enter into this
communications from the emotions and senses. Thought is often
profession simply to amuse your followers, and do not discuss
used inappropriately, to ignore rather than interpret
your artistic process with anyone other than trusted mentors
communications. There are countless times when I’ve had a
and colleagues. The naive compliments of friends and family
feeling or intuition that later turned out to be correct, but I
“logic-ed” myself out of it and failed to take advantage of
— who are not actors —
will not help you grow as an artist.
Talk to your admirers, but listen, understand, and even love
the insight. A good example is when a person is driving and
the observations of a true professional. There is nothing more
has an impulse to take an alternate route. Rather than simply
beneficial to your growth than the brutally honest words of
taking the other route, she tells herself it would be silly to
someone who knows. Unfortunately, however, you will not
do so because that road is longer and has more stoplights.
always be lucky enough to have an acting coach who knows
She goes her usual way and encounters a traffic jam due to
or cares standing over your shoulder giving you expert advice.
road construction or an accident. The habit of using logic to
Therefore, you must know how to ______________________.
__________ inner communications is like a one-person version
of the humorous question, “Are you going to believe what *mendacity 거짓, 허위
you see or what I tell you?” We tend to believe what we ① eventually surpass your rivals
tell ourselves rather than what we perceive with our inner senses ② improve in your audition skills
and our physical senses. ③ manage your fans’ expectations
① deliver ② require ③ simplify ④ objectively observe your own work
④ facilitate ⑤ contradict ⑤ negotiate with your coach to achieve your goals
10 40 편집 by 가우디아
영어 영역 11
5. 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은? 7. 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?
If leadership ability is inherited, the selection and recruitment To the human brain, playing a game is more like actually
of managers as potential leaders would only focus on the running a race than watching a film or reading a short story
candidate’s parents and ancestors — evidence of work about a race. When I run, I make a series of choices about
experience would not be valued. Moreover, if leaders are born actions I will take that might affect whether I win. I feel a
and not developed, then high-performing people would always sense of mastery or failure depending on whether I successfully
emerge regardless of the business context, their management execute the actions in the ways I intended. My emotions ebb
ability or the company’s willingness to recruit and select well, and flow as I make these choices and see what happens as
or coach, mentor, train, develop and evaluate employees. a result. I feel a sense of consequence and responsibility for
Furthermore, attempts to improve performance would be a my choices. In the end, I am to blame for the outcomes, because
wasteful exercise. Such an idea should not be taken too seriously, they arise from my own actions. This rich set of feelings that
so why, then, have I mentioned it? Simply because, in my I have about the solo experience of running depends on the
experience, some managers manage their people based on this _________ role that I play in the experience.
idea, and it prevents them from applying the person-management *ebb and flow 밀려왔다 밀려갔다 하다, 변동하다
① active ② physical ③ supporting
skills and techniques that lead to improved performance. I feel
that it is far better to accept that the work environment, including
management action, shapes people’s behaviour and abilities
④ sympathetic ⑤ unconscious
and that every manager can improve the way they manage
people regardless of _________________________.
① emotional intensity
② cultural differences
③ innate characteristics
④ management strategies
⑤ academic achievements
(A) (B)
*resurgent 재기하는 **morbid 병약한 ***pillage 약탈하다
① Moreover …… For example ① seem unified
② Moreover …… As a result ② do rise and fall
③ Therefore …… For example ③ may revive unexpectedly
④ By contrast …… That is ④ do develop interdependently
⑤ By contrast …… As a result
⑤ may face a population decline
11 40 편집 by 가우디아
12 영어 영역
9. 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은? 11. 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?
Science is ubiquitous. Its boundaries are unclear, its range Observation can offer ethnographers solid evidence of
confusing. Distinctions have been drawn between different types demonstrated behaviors occurring within a specific environment
of science, natural versus social, hard versus soft, historical at a specific time. Observational skills help, for instance, when
versus experimental, and so on. Disagreement reigns over we want to use people’s actions to independently verify their
whether economics is science, whether anthropology is science, spoken claims; describe and make sense of what is happening
whether history is science. Creation science calls itself science, when no one can — or will — talk with us; and better capture
but many call foul. Politicians have suggested — what sounds higher-level patterns of behavior especially regarding objects
thoroughly reasonable — that policy should utilize sound and environments. Systematic, observation-based data can help
science and avoid junk science. Scientific discoveries are us both find out what is actually going on and justify our
reported in the media; scientific concepts are utilized in novels, claims to others. But ___________________________ as to
film and television. Science is popularized and demonized. why things happen and the meanings actors attribute to them.
It offers explanations of our most common observations, but This is why direct observation should be combined with other
in terms that are peculiar and hard to comprehend. Scientific methods of understanding to address most ethnographers’
developments are integral to some of society’s most remarkable problems of interest.
achievements, but also some of our most horrifying tragedies. *ethnographer 민족지학자(民族誌學者)
**verify 입증하다, (진실인지) 확인하다
Thus, science is both utterly familiar and an immediate source
of _______________ .
*demonize 악마로 묘사하다 ① ethnographers have little interest
② indirect observation is not always required
① controversy and debate ③ observation only gives clues and partial answers
② comfort and confidence ④ observation provides specific and relevant evidence
③ entertainment and pleasure ⑤ ethnographers need to incorporate new observations
④ discrimination and injustice
⑤ informed and uninformed judgment
12. 다음 글의 빈칸 (A), (B)에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?
We have entered a very exciting era for behavioral and mental
health care. Advances in artificial intelligence make it possible
10. 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은? to build intelligent machines that enhance the quality,
accessibility, and efficiency of care, while also providing
The entrepreneurial journey brings with it _______________.
entirely new capabilities. (A) , the integration of natural
When you work for an established organization you are used
language processing and virtual reality has allowed for the
to certain things. You know how much money you will bring
creation of interactive intelligent virtual humans that can provide
home each month; how many hours you are expected to work.
training, consultation, and treatments. Artificial intelligent agent
You are entitled to a certain number of paid holidays and your
systems can also assist with clinical decisionmaking and
employer may make contributions toward healthcare costs and
healthcare management. Advances in sensing technologies and
pension plans. Entrepreneurs, on the other hand, work around
affective computing have enabled machines to detect, assess,
the clock and at least in the early years cannot expect the
and respond to emotional states. Robots capable of patient
same kind of security. These are just some of the challenges
and medical provider interaction are now commercially
that many aspiring entrepreneurs are not tuned into. Since
available for use in the home and medical settings. (B) , the
everything is down to you (and your co-founders if this is
use of machine learning and pattern recognition is improving
applicable), you have to take charge and use tact to solve these
public health surveillance, while brain mapping initiatives now
challenges. This journey doesn’t move forward unless there
underway provide opportunities to model behavior and better
is planning and a methodological approach.
understand normal and abnormal functions of the brain.
*entrepreneurial (특히 모험적인) 기업가의, 기업가적인 *affective computing 감성 컴퓨팅 **surveillance 감시
**tact 재치, 요령
① a considerable change in lifestyle ①
(A)
……
(B)
12 40 편집 by 가우디아
영어 영역 13
3. 주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것은?
제 05강
Some children are faced with challenging events in their
lives, but other children have a relatively more
1. 의 각 네모 안에서 어법에 맞는 표현으로 가장 적절한
(A), (B), (C) straightforward early life
것은?
People hate to lose something more than they like gaining (A) This is an innate and protective factor that enables an
something of equal value. Given this near-universal truth about individual to deal with change, which psychologists call
the human psyche, it may not be surprising (A) [that / what] resilience. Resilience has been found to allow children
many acts of dishonesty and cheating in the real world are to reach the goals that teachers set, but, perhaps even more
born from fear of losing something we value. Pressure to avoid importantly, the goals they set for themselves.
getting an “F” in a class leads many students (B) [bring / to bring] (B) For example, children who have grown up in situations
cheat sheets into exams more so than does the possibility of where there is absolute poverty, social problems, or abusive
getting an “A.” Pressure to avoid losing market share tempts relationships, have been found to have significantly
those in business to break laws more often than does setting decreased life chances and may go on to have social or
new sales records. Not owing the government additional money emotional maladjustment in their adult life.
is a bigger motivator for cheating on taxes than is getting a (C) However, there are children who have experienced
bigger refund. Sure, in all these cases gains like the bigger adversity in their childhood but who still attain well by
sales figure or the bigger refund may motivate people to cheat, the end of their schooling, who are emotionally secure
but the point is that they’ll never be as (C) [motivated / motivating] or socially competent and who have reached their
as avoiding a loss of equal amount. ‘individual potential’. It has been proposed that the source
*psyche 마음, 정신 of this success relates to intrinsic motivation.
4. 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?
Bert and Betty Oliver met at a friend’s wedding. For a year
they sustained a long-distance romance ① complete with
2. 다음 글에서 전체 흐름과 관계 없는 문장은? frequent plane trips and multipage phone bills. Eventually Betty
You probably have a lot of fear about what will happen moved from Cincinnati to Chicago to be with Bert and they
if you show your feelings, most likely as a result of what married six months later. Both said they came from families
happened when you were a child. ① If you showed you were ② which the parents weren’t very communicative or intimate.
sad, nobody was there to comfort you, to validate that sadness. Bert and Betty were determined to learn from their parents’
② Maybe you were told if you didn’t shut up you were really mistake and ③ made communication a priority in their
going to get something to cry about. ③ The people you loved relationship. Although they squabbled occasionally, they
didn’t acknowledge when you were embarrassed; in fact, they usually addressed their differences before the anger boiled over.
may have done things to embarrass you, even to humiliate They tried to be understanding of each other’s point of view
and shame you. ④ Communicating your feelings for someone and usually were able to arrive at a compromise. ④ Married
can be tricky at first, but there are many other ways of expressing only two years when first interviewed, Betty expressed delight
yourself. ⑤ It was not safe to show your feelings when you that she had been able to find “a truly nice man.” Bert still
were growing up and, as a result, not only do you avoid considered himself ⑤ lucky that someone as lovely as Betty
expressing your feelings now, but often you don’t really know was interested in him.
what they are. *squabble 옥신각신하다
13 40 편집 by 가우디아
14 영어 영역
~6] 다음 글을 읽고, 물음에 답하시오.
[5 7. 의 각 네모 안에서 어법에 맞는 표현으로 가장 적절한
(A), (B), (C)
것은?
A San Francisco-based polygrapher told me about a When it comes to Korean pickles, napa cabbage kimchi is
polygraph exam he had given to a 45-year-old bank the avatar of all things Korean. Unlike the pickle slice
vice-president who was a suspect in an embezzlement (A) [it / that] may or may not be next to your sandwich,
investigation. When initially run through the polygraph kimchi is unquestionably a part of a Korean meal — it’s
exam, the bank vice-president’s heart rate, blood pressure, nonnegotiable. This single foodstuff has completely infiltrated
and other physiological levels were quite high. This is normal Korean culture; there is kimjang, the annual joint kimchi-making
for both innocent and guilty people, because such an exam ritual that happens each November all over the country; there
is almost always threatening. ___________________ , the is a kimchi museum in Seoul and a kimchi institute of culture;
polygrapher suspected that the bank vice-president was lying and one of the most (B) [requested / requesting] wedding gifts
or holding back information, because his physiological levels of modern-day Koreans is a specialized kimchi refrigerator
went even higher when he was asked about some of the — for many, a fridge, with its precise temperature controls
details of the embezzlement. With repeated questions, the and large storage capabilities, beats the ancient practice of
vice-president finally broke down and confessed to burying earthenware pots underground. Kimchi — its flavor,
embezzling $74,000 over a 6-month period. health-enhancing properties, and other virtues — is a frequent
In line with standard procedures, after the bank subject of conversation in Korea and, increasingly, beyond.
For me, it just makes the taste of rice come alive, and
—
vice-president had signed a written confession, he was then
(C) [eat / eating] some foods without it such as fried rice,
—
polygraphed again to be certain that his confession was
itself not deceptive. When connected to the monitoring noodles, or beef tacos feels like some sort of undue
device the second time, his overall physiological levels were punishment.
extremely low. His hands were no longer sweaty. His heart *infiltrate 스며들다, 침투하다 **earthenware pot (옹기로 만든) 독
rate and blood pressure were extraordinarily low.
***undue 과도한
You can appreciate the irony of this situation. This man (A) (B) (C)
had come into the polygrapher’s office a free man, safe ① it …… requested …… eat
in the knowledge that polygraph evidence was not allowed ② it …… requesting …… eat
in court. _____________, he confessed. Now, his ③ that …… requested …… eat
④ that …… requesting …… eating
professional, financial, and personal lives were on the brink
of ruin. He was virtually assured of a prison term. Despite ⑤ that …… requested …… eating
these realities, he was relaxed and at ease with himself.
5. 윗글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은? not only dispense prescription drugs but also sell billions of
① How to Pass a Lie Detector Test dollars of nonprescription, over-the-counter preparations that
②
② Is a Lie Just Free Speech, or Is It a Crime? people use to self-medicate? Clearly, the corner drugstore
③ How Evidence Is Handled in Criminal Cases for many is the source of primary care; thus, it is important
④ Make Sure You Know What You’re Admitting To to count it in the boundary of healthcare resources.
③
⑤ What Happens Physiologically When People Confess Hospital volunteers are the people who make the link
between the community and medical professionals. What ④
about the range of nontraditional healers, such as herbalists
and therapeutic masseurs? ⑤ Although they do help people,
they are excluded from the traditional health system in that
they cannot utilize the system’s major resources (such as
hospitals) and often have only limited access to its insurance
6. 윗글의 빈칸에 공통으로 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은? mechanisms.
① Moreover ② Therefore ③ As a result *dispense 조제하다 **herbalist 약초상 ***masseur 안마사
④ For instance ⑤ Nevertheless
14 40 편집 by 가우디아
영어 영역 15
9. 주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것은? [11 ~12] 다음 글을 읽고, 물음에 답하시오.
Let me spend a moment on the idea of adjusting to another I think that I communicate in questions and statements
person’s mental orientation. What I mean is this. equally. When I am at school, I am learning about new
(A) If she is hungry, for example, she may notice that a shop topics. I communicate more in questions because in order
is selling groceries; her friend may notice only that it sells to understand new topics I need to ask questions. When
newspapers. If she is short of money, she may resent that I am at work, I speak more in statements. I use them because
the fruit is overpriced; meanwhile her friend may feel I am delegating tasks to the sales staff. When I am at home
tempted by some juicy peaches. or with my family, it is a combination of the two. When
I am asking questions it is generally because I want an
(B) In one sense the two friends are experiencing the same
answer. However, sometimes when I use questions with
shop and its contents, but they are having quite different
my friends and family, I am doing so to keep the conversation
experiences of that shop. A more extreme case arises when
going. I think I am more likely to be interrupted because
one person construes things in an idiosyncratic way, for
as a child growing up my father always taught me it is
instance, in mistaking the shop for a cinema.
very rude to interrupt someone when they are speaking.
(C) At any moment, a person has a particular take on what You should only interrupt if it is an emergency that needs
is happening. The person notices this rather than that, and immediate attention. Otherwise, you should wait for that
she has feelings and makes judgements about one rather person to finish. When I get interrupted, I get annoyed
than another aspect of events. because I give the person I am speaking with their chance
*construe ~을 (…으로) 이해하다 **idiosyncratic 개인에게 특유한 to say what they have to say and I expect the same respect.
① (A) - (C) - (B) ② (B) - (A) - (C) Depending on the situation, I may let my annoyance show
③ (B) - (C) - (A) ④ (C) - (A) - (B) but I usually keep it inside and let the person say what
⑤ (C) - (B) - (A) they have to say. Then later I pick up where I left off.
In school I say things like “this may be a dumb question...”
I am unsure if what I am going to say may be stupid,
so I want to cover my tracks beforehand. I don’t want
to come off as sounding stupid. I think that in certain
situations it could make me appear hesitant because I may
portray myself as a person who has low self esteem or
confidence. I’m afraid that the person I am communicating
with could take that as a sign of ____________ .
*delegate 맡기다, 위임하다
10. 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은? 11. 윗글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?
Economic growth is almost universally considered a
① How Do We Expand Our Human Networks?
worthwhile goal. Ecological conservation and cultural
① ② Commonly Used Topics in Daily Conversation
preservation are also accepted as important. These three ③ My Communication Style Adapted to Situations
large-scale systems are not independent so one cannot focus ④ Watch Out for These Behaviors in a Job Interview!
on one goal while ② ignoring the other two. The ever-expanding ⑤ Nonverbal Languages: A Shortcut to Communication
web of globalization and industrialization, partly caused by
the expanding human population, further links these three
systems. In 1987, the term ‘sustainable development’ ③ brought
into common use by the World Commission on Environment
and Development. The commission’s report, Our Common
Future, defined the term as a form of development ④ that
“meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability
of future generations to meet their own needs.” Both developed
15 40 편집 by 가우디아
16 영어 영역
3. 주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것은?
제 06강
The “cargo cult” is an example of observed patterns that
have no basis in an underlying cause.
1. 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은? (A) So they built airstrips out of straw and coconuts, and dressed
In the context of SNS, media literacy has been argued to themselves to resemble the military personnel they’d
be especially important in order to make the users aware of encountered. They reproduced the waved landing signals from
their rights when ① using these tools, and also help them their “runways.” They’d observed a pattern — the curious
acquire or reinforce human rights values and develop the behavior of the visitors followed by the arrival of rich rewards
behaviour necessary to respect other people’s rights and — and concluded that there was a connection. But the inferred
freedoms. With regard to peer-to-peer risks such as bullying, relationship was not actually a causal one.
this last element is ② of particular importance. This relates (B) Associated with these curious behaviors was the arrival of
to a basic principle that children ③ are taught in the offline giant flying machines carrying vast quantities of exotic material
goods — canned food, clothes, vehicles, guns, radios, and
world as well: ‘do not do to others what you would not want
others to do to you’. This should also be a golden rule with
so on — called “cargo” by the newcomers. When the war
ended and the visitors left, the natives reasoned that if they
regard to SNS, but for children and young people it is much
more difficult ④ to estimate the consequences and potential
carried out the same sort of activities, the planes would return.
(C) The phrase originally described practices developed by the
serious impact of their actions in this environment. Hence,
⑤ raise awareness of children from a very early age about
native inhabitants of islands in the South West Pacific after
the Second World War. They’d observed first the Japanese
the particular characteristics of SNS and the potential long-term and then the Allied soldiers building airstrips, marching,
impact of a seemingly trivial act is crucial. directing landing aircraft, and wearing certain styles of dress.
*cargo cult 화물 숭배 **airstrip 임시 활주로
***Allied (제2차 세계 대전 시의) 연합군의
① (A) - (C) - (B) ② (B) - (A) - (C)
③ (B) - (C) - (A) ④ (C) - (A) - (B)
⑤ (C) - (B) - (A)
16 40 편집 by 가우디아
영어 영역 17
~6] 다음 글을 읽고, 물음에 답하시오.
[5 7. 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?
Several species of Homo belonged in the genus hominid,
One important type of evidence in court is character all of① them living in Africa between 2.5 and 1.8 million
evidence, that is, evidence about a defendant’s traits and years ago. The best known is Homo habilis, “handy man.”
natural tendencies. In certain circumstances, the defense These creatures’ brains were half again as large as those of
can introduce witnesses to describe positive characteristics the Australopithecines, ② though still only half the size of
of a defendant that would make it unlikely that he committed ours. The fact that they carried small stones up to nine miles
a particular crime. For example, a witness might testify from the riverbeds where they were found ③ showing that
that the defendant is kind and gentle, suggesting that he they could plan for the future, something no other apes could
would be unlikely to have committed a cruel assault. do. They used these stones as hammers and made choppers
Although one might expect this kind of testimony to help by removing flakes from both sides, an improvement over their
the defendant, research shows that positive character predecessors’ tools. We do not know ④ what other tools they
evidence has little effect on jurors’ guilt judgments or made or how dependent they were on their simple technology.
likelihood of conviction. We know, however, that they were well adapted to surviving
Paradoxically, the use of character evidence may actually on the open savannas of Africa, for their anatomies and their
increase the likelihood that a defendant will be convicted. choppers remained ⑤ virtually unchanged for almost a million
This ironic outcome occurs because the prosecution is years.
allowed to cross-examine character witnesses to try to show *genus (생물 분류상의) 속(屬)
that they are not good judges of the defendant’s character.
During cross-examination, prosecutors might ask a witness
**hominid 원인(原人), 사람과(科)의일원
whether she knows about previous behaviors by the ***anatomy 해부학적 구조, 해부학
defendant that ____________ her testimony. For example,
a prosecutor might say, “You said the defendant is kind
and gentle. Are you aware that he was removed from high
school after injuring another student in a fistfight?” Although
jurors are only supposed to use this information to evaluate
the credibility of the character witness, it may influence
their impressions of the defendant as well. Research shows
that a defendant is more likely to be convicted when jurors
hear positive character testimony that is cross-examined
with negative information than when they hear no character
evidence at all.
*testify 증언[진술]하다 **the prosecution 검찰 측
8. 다음 글에서 전체 흐름과 관계 없는 문장은?
5. 윗글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은? Toward the end of a teaching sequence, news can have
① Impartial Jurors: Extremely Difficult to Find
② Appropriate Use of Witness Testimony as Evidence
a role in helping students consolidate and extend their learning.
④ How to Effectively Present Character Evidence in Court at a topic and novel contexts for applying newly acquired
②
⑤ Evidence of Good Character: Potentially Risky for a Defendant knowledge and understandings. They can present additional
information and ideas and serve as the basis for research.
③ Furthermore, news-based tasks can be used as a context
for students to demonstrate their knowledge with a view to
identifying gaps in their understanding or weaknesses in their
ability to make links between related areas of learning.
④ Indeed, a substantial number of news stories concerning
cross-cultural learning concentrate on one conclusion — culture
has a great impact on student learning. ⑤ When used in this
6. 윗글의 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은? rather specific way, news items have potential in respect of
① fit ② need ③ stress assessment for learning.
④ induce ⑤ contradict *consolidate 통합하다, 강화하다
17 40 편집 by 가우디아
18 영어 영역
9. 주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것은? [11 ~12] 다음 글을 읽고, 물음에 답하시오.
Apprenticeship experienced a steep, and apparently However knowledgeable people are about waiting in their
permanent, decline as a result of industrialization. Insofar own country, learning to play this intricate game in a foreign
as it functioned as an economic exchange, its transformation culture is tricky. The rules are often as diverse as the countries
into a wage relationship had several benefits. themselves. The British, for example, pride themselves on
(A) They also permitted poorer families to keep their older the orderliness of their queues. Israelis, on the other hand,
children at home by pooling incomes. Masters, too, were stubbornly resist forming distinct lines. But when Leon
often happy to rid their homes of disobedient and unreliable Mann studied Israelis at bus stops, he found that they
adolescents. established implicit rules, so that commuters almost
invariably boarded the bus in order of arrival. This system,
(B) Wages greatly enhanced the freedom of the young,
he observed, reflects the orderly, egalitarian nature of Israeli
permitting them to limit their hours of work, bring an
society, which values independence and service according
end to tiring household chores, escape the master’s
to need, but rejects regimentation. ______________ to
household and round-the-clock surveillance, and change
waiting are also culturally diverse. One study, for example,
employers freely.
found that Italian queues are more likely to be characterized
(C) Moreover, wage relations allowed masters to hire and fire by lighthearted conversation and a general atmosphere of
young workers as the need arose. However, since cheerfulness, as opposed to the irritability and impatience
employment relations implied no training, employers had that represent American lines.
no obligation to instruct the young beyond what was
required to perform the work at hand. Because the rules of waiting are usually not made explicit,
*apprenticeship (옛날의) 도제(徒弟) outsiders often misinterpret the message. The inevitable
result is conflict. King Hassan of Morocco, for example,
**pool (공동으로 이용할 자금·정보 등을) 모으다 is a notorious late arriver whose lack of punctuality has
① (A) - (C) - (B) ② (B) - (A) - (C) ultimately injured his country’s foreign relations. In 1981,
③ (B) - (C) - (A) ④ (C) - (A) - (B) when Queen Elizabeth II paid a call, the King kept her
⑤ (C) - (B) - (A) waiting for fifteen minutes. The Queen was not amused.
*egalitarian 평등주의의
**regimentation 통제, 편성, 규격화
10. (A), (B), (C) 의 각 네모 안에서 어법에 맞는 표현으로 가장
적절한 것은?
The majority of modern peoples, if (A)[asked / asking] to
11. 윗글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?
find the place within their body where the unique self resides,
① Waiting Time: Loss or Benefit?
would say that they live about an inch above their eyebrows
② For Whom Is the Waiting Game?
and about two inches into the skull. But most indigenous and
③ Culturally Diverse Rules of Waiting
historical peoples would locate the self someplace very different. ④ The Potential Power of Waiting Time
They would gesture in the region of the heart. For most of ⑤ When Does Queue-Breaking Take Place?
our history of habitation on Earth, that is (B) [what / where]
the seat of intelligence, the seat of the soul, was located. That
this has changed is more an expression of how and what we
are taught in Western cultures than of some exact truth. For
consciousness is highly mobile and is able to use a variety
of locations in the body through which to process the information
we receive from the world. The location that most people now
identify as themselves, oriented in the brain, (C) [are / is]
only one of them.
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영어 영역 19
3. 주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것은?
제 07강
A classic example of persuasion occurred when I was
attending army boot camp and was talking to my buddy
1. 의 각 네모 안에서 어법에 맞는 표현으로 가장 적절한
(A), (B), (C) while one of the sergeants was conducting a class on land
것은? mines.
After conquering most of Asia, which was far more than
(A) Or you can apply persuasive tactics like, “Here’s a task
Achilles could have claimed, Alexander preferred to liken
I’d like you to do. Before you get started, let’s first discuss
himself to the demigod, Hercules, who was known for
why it’s important to you and our organization.” Leaders
accomplishing seemingly impossible tasks. It stood to reason
persuade with hooks. Idiots manipulate with force.
that Alexander would attempt to look like these heroes, and
because painters and sculptors of his day rendered gods and (B) He abruptly interrupted our conversation and said, “You’d
heroes in the immortal splendor of youthful, beardless nudity, better listen to what I’m telling you, boy, because it could
(A) [he / who] did his best to follow suit. With limitless save your life.” From that point on, I was all ears because
self-confidence, Alexander dared to do what no self-respecting he had persuaded me with a hook: my life.
Greek leader had ever done before: shave his face. Audaciously, (C) In the business world, you are constantly challenged to
he cast himself in an otherworldly image of ageless perfection, get people to do things you want them to do. If you’re
(B) [takes / taking] advantage of the fact that he was still the boss, you can apply manipulative tactics when you
only twenty-two years old when he led his forces into Asia. tell a subordinate, “Here’s a task I want you to do. Don’t
He did not, of course, shed his clothes in public, though ask any questions. Just do it.”
Lysippos’s famous full-body bronze portrait Alexander with *boot camp 신병 훈련소 **sergeant 하사관
a Lance (now lost) was indeed nude. For the real conqueror,
① (A) - (C) - (B) ② (B) - (A) - (C)
a smooth, youthful face with flowing curls of hair
③ (B) - (C) - (A) ④ (C) - (A) - (B)
(C) [was / were] the best he could do.
⑤ (C) - (B) - (A)
*demigod 반신반인 **splendor 빛남, 광채 ***audaciously 대담하게도
(A) (B) (C)
① he …… takes …… was
② he …… taking …… was
③ who …… takes …… were
④ who …… taking …… was
⑤ who …… taking …… were
6. 윗글의 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은? animals, and ultimately contribute to a lack of respect for
2. 다음 글에서 전체 흐름과 관계 없는 문장은? you. When my daughter Molly was little, one of her favorite
22 40 편집 by 가우디아
영어 영역 23
~6] 다음 글을 읽고, 물음에 답하시오.
[5 7. 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?
Why can’t we live forever? Why can’t we make human disease
Rights that do not rest on special relationships, roles, or a thing of the past? Why is ① it taking such a long time
situations are important. For example, the rights to life, to cure cancer? These are the sorts of questions that schoolkids
free speech, and religion are widely accepted, not just as often pose to popular science bloggers, student forums, and
the entitlements of some specific political or legal system the “Ask a Scientist” columns of daily newspapers, but they
but as fundamental moral rights. More controversial, but are no less ② interesting for that. Yet human life expectancy
often championed as moral rights, are the rights to medical is increasing rapidly in countries worldwide and in some now
care, decent housing, education, and work. Moral rights exceeds eighty years. A recent study shows that the difference
that are not the result of particular roles, special relationships, today in the decrease in human mortality between
or specific circumstances are called human rights. They hunter-gatherers and modern Western-lifestyle populations
have some important characteristics. ③ are greater than that between hunter-gatherers and wild
First, human rights are universal. For instance, if the right chimpanzees. The bulk of this mortality reduction has occurred
to life is a human right, as most of us believe it is, then in just the last four generations of the④ roughly eight thousand
everyone, everywhere, and at all times, has that right. generations of humans that have ever lived. You only have
_____________ , there is nothing universal about your right to look at the incredible advances over the last century in surgery,
that I keep my promise to help you move or about my public health, immunology, and transplantation ⑤ to see what
right to drive 65 miles per hour on certain roads. a success story modern medicine has been.
Second, and closely related, human rights are equal rights. *immunology 면역학 **transplantation 이식 수술
If the right to free speech is a human right, then everyone
has this right equally. No one has a greater right to free
speech than anyone else. However, your daughter has a
greater right than do the daughters of other people to your
emotional and financial support.
*taxonomic 분류학적 **specimen 표본, 견본 ***wasp 말벌 of the state. Italy, Spain, and France, too, created the first
③ (B) - (C) - (A) ④ (C) - (A) - (B) came late to the game, but it, too, formed a banking system
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영어 영역 25
3.다음 글의 내용을 한 문장으로 요약하고자 한다. 빈칸 (A), (B)에
제 09강 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?
Several studies have investigated the cognition and
1. 의 각 네모 안에서 문맥에 맞는 낱말로 가장 적절한 것은?
(A), (B), (C) perception of vocal lyrics in songs. Serafine and her
Research has shown that high levels of automation for tasks colleagues studied the effect of lyrics on participants’
can put users out-of-the-loop, leading to low levels of situation memory for songs. Results showed that melody recognition
awareness. As long as situation awareness is was near chance unless the melody’s original words (i.e.,
(A) [ensured / compromised] , the ability of the user to be words that were presented with the music during encoding)
an effective decision maker is threatened. In 1996, an American
were present, suggesting that music and speech were
Airlines B-757 crashed in the mountains around Cali, Colombia.
combined into a single coherent object when encoded in
The crew had lost awareness of the actions of the aircraft’s
the same stream. More recently, Weiss and his colleagues
automated flight management system computer that was
providing navigation and was (B) [unable / able] to regain examined the effect of timbre (including voice) on memory
sufficient situation awareness to resume safe control of the and preference for music. Results showed that melodies
aircraft. While a person does not need to perform every task, with the voice were better recognized than all other
the person does need to be in control of managing what the instrumental melodies. The authors suggest that the
systems are doing in order to (C) [maintain / neglect] the situation biological significance of the human voice provides a greater
awareness needed for successful performance across a wide depth of processing and enhanced memory.
variety of conditions and situations.
*timbre 음색
*out-of-the-loop (상황을) 잘 알지 못하는
(A) (B) (C)
① ……
ensured …… unable maintain
Several studies suggest that the (A) of the human voice
② ……
ensured …… unable neglect
is associated with improved (B) of music.
③ ……
ensured …… able neglect
④ ……
compromised …… able maintain ①
(A)
……
(B)
⑤ ……
compromised …… unable maintain ②
absence
flexibility ……
quality
interpretation
③ flexibility …… recognition
2. 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장 적절한 곳은? ④ presence …… recognition
Problems arise, however, with relatively new World Heritage
⑤ presence …… quality
*buoyant 활황인, 경기가 좋은 **attendant 수반되는 plaster on smiles when they’d rather be crying, or they smile
when they’re angry or sad. Slowly they ⑤ lose touch with
***influx 유입, 들어오기 their souls.
25 40 편집 by 가우디아
26 영어 영역
~7] 다음 글을 읽고, 물음에 답하시오.
[5 5.주어진 글 (A)에 이어질 내용을 순서에 맞게 배열한 것으로 가장
(A) 적절한 것은?
① (B) - (D) - (C) ② (C) - (B) - (D)
As a teenager, Pablo worked hard as a shoeshine boy in ③ (C) - (D) - (B) ④ (D) - (B) - (C)
Piedras Negras, Mexico. Pablo always showed passion for ⑤ (D) - (C) - (B)
any type of work he did, however modest. When Pablo
was about fourteen years old, he met Olive Porras, a
missionary who lived near his parents. He would often ask
Pablo to run errands for him, in an effort to make a connection
with Pablo and teach (a) him English. Pablo shared with
Olive his passion for automotive mechanics and his desire
to be successful in the U.S.
(B)
It was nerve-wracking, then, that his first English assignment 6. 밑줄 친 (a)∼(e) 중에서 가리키는 대상이 나머지 넷과 다른 것은?
was to write an essay. Not only was Pablo unfamiliar with
the curriculum in general, but (c) he had never written an ① (a) ② (b) ③ (c) ④ (d) ⑤ (e)
essay before. He remembers doing the best he could with
his limited knowledge of English and turning in his essay.
But he received a failing grade. Fortunately, his teacher,
also a Latino, did not dismiss the struggling student. Instead,
(d) he worked with Pablo, until Pablo became proficient
in English, eventually earning an “A.”
*nerve-wracking 골치 아픈
(D)
①
( ) Unlike any of his colleagues, but as was his usual
birds fly and fish swim in terms of cells which cannot fly or
swim. In this way we can understand what living things or the
practice, Solomon did not take any notes about the meeting. life of living things means and that there are③ differences between
( ② ) The editor had noticed this before with surprise and the two worlds. One is the world of matter or cells which constitute
this time decided to reproach Solomon. ( ③
) After all, often living things or the life of living things, but they are on a lower
level and in a different world from the other world of living
there were numerous names and addresses given out and
Solomon ought to record the details. ( ④) The editor decided
things which is an ④ isolation of them. Physics and chemistry,
which deal with matter, developed earlier and independently of
to test Solomon by asking for details of what he had said.
(⑤ ) This incident changed Solomon’s life forever and was
biology. At present, cellular research is still included in biology,
but in the future we may imagine that cytology will develop
the starting point of his new career as the world’s greatest into a ⑤ distinct interdisciplinary field that deals with an area
mnemonist or ‘memory man’. somewhere between living things and matter.
(B)
“Boy, could I,” Hannah answered. She went with the young
man and had coffee. He made her feel better and even
told her (b) she reminded him of his mother, which did
wonders for her (she is one of the most effective and loving
mothers I know). He said that he was one of a group of
volunteers at the hospital and would make sure her husband
was fed and looked in on when she wasn’t there. After
her cup of coffee with this exceptional young man, the
woman felt a sense of peace and strength, which enabled
(c) her to make the drive home without falling apart.
(C)
(D)
SThen I heard Hannah tell her sister that the young man
had just disappeared, and (e) she never saw him again.
She ended by saying to her sister, “I think he was some
kind of angel.” Yes, he was an angel of the moment. Was
he a “real” angel who manifested in the body of a young
man, or was the young man’s higher self simply being
utilized in this situation? Well, whoever he was, he was
a rescuer, and he gave this friend a sense of peace and
well-being of the sort only angels are capable of transmitting.
29 40 편집 by 가우디아
30 영어 영역
~7] 다음 글을 읽고, 물음에 답하시오.
[5 5.주어진 글 (A)에 이어질 내용을 순서에 맞게 배열한 것으로 가장
(A) 적절한 것은?
① (B) - (D) - (C) ② (C) - (B) - (D)
Carl von Weber, after passing through many trials and ③ (C) - (D) - (B) ④ (D) - (B) - (C)
hardships during his youthful years of theatrical wandering
with (a) his ill-tempered old father, finally settled down
⑤ (D) - (C) - (B)
as private secretary to the younger brother of the king,
Frederick of Württemberg. Now, the Duke was a big spender,
and when he got short of money it was Weber’s duty, as
secretary, to go to the king and try to secure the reckless
Duke another appropriation.
*appropriation 책정액
(B)
(D)
③
customers. Teddy bear manufacturers obviously noticed which
by class. An inflexible social structure, reinforced by bears were selling best and so made more of these and fewer
sumptuary laws, determined just who could wear what. In the of the less popular models, to maximize their profits. In this
mid-seventeenth century, however, the East India Company way, the selection pressure built up by the customers resulted
④ maintained this age-old state of affairs, turning the worlds
in the evolution of a more baby-like bear by the manufacturers.
(A) (B)
① commercial …… guided
② commercial …… replaced
③ intellectual …… guided
④ historical …… replaced
⑤ historical …… represented
31 40 편집 by 가우디아
32 영어 영역
~14] 다음 글을 읽고, 물음에 답하시오.
[12 12. 윗글의 두 번째 단락에 드러난 Ms. Denis의 심경 변화로 가장
적절한 것은?
On 5 December 2011, David Hecht, a St. Augustine, Florida, ① scared → sorry
electrician, drove down State Road 207. He saw a handbag ② worried → grateful
lying on the road and stopped and picked it up. It was ③ shameful → hopeful
filled with over $12,000, as well as credit cards and an ④ embarrassed → angry
ID. (a) He said, “It would have been real simple to take
the bag and walk away. That’s not the way I am.” Instead
⑤ anticipating → depressed
of taking the money, Mr. Hecht called the St. Johns County
Sheriff’s Office and turned in the money to it. Of course,
he could have used the money. After all, he had been injured
and had been unable to work for a while, although
(b) he had been working for three months straight. His
wife, Elena, said, “He’s had his challenges, too. But that
doesn’t give you the right to take money.”
The woman who had lost the money, Immaculee Denis,
age 69, was traveling with her husband, son and daughter
from her home in Palm Bay to visit relatives in Georgia.
They made a stop in St. Augustine to get gas, and that’s
when she accidentally left her handbag on the trunk of
the car. They had already made it to Georgia by the time
she realized she didn’t have her handbag with her. She
tossed and turned all night, thinking about the lost handbag.
The next morning, however, Ms. Denis got a call from
the sheriff, who said Mr. Hecht had turned in her handbag
to the office. “I was speechless,” she said. The family left
for the sheriff’s office, and Ms. Denis got her handbag
back that afternoon. She called Mr. Hecht that Friday. She 13. 밑줄 친 (a)∼(e) 중에서 가리키는 대상이 나머지 넷과 다른
couldn’t call (c) him right away, she said, because she was 것은?
“still shaking,” still so emotional. Mr. Hecht said, “She ① (a) ② (b) ③ (c) ④ (d) ⑤ (e)
said over and over again how happy she was.”
Sixteen years previously, Ms. Denis had found a wallet
filled with money and had been able to give it back to
its rightful owner, a man who was sending the money to
people in Haiti. Ms. Denis said, “The man didn’t know
what to say. (d) He was so happy.” Sixteen years after
finding the wallet, Ms. Denis was in the same position
as the man from Haiti. Fortunately, Mr. Hecht did the right
thing, as she had done when she found the wallet. Ms.
Denis said although she couldn’t afford to give a reward,
she planned to send the couple a fruit basket for Christmas.
She added about Mr. Hecht, “I will pray for (e) him for
the rest of my life. I will never forget that.”
(B)
Now that the ride dilemma was solved, Tom and I continued
talking. During the course of our conversation, I learned
that (b) he knew someone who knew a person who knew
my daughter. It reminded me of the party game where you
try to connect any given movie star in the history of motion
pictures to a movie featuring the actor Kevin Bacon. “What
an amazing coincidence! This is just like Kevin Bacon’s
Six Degrees of Separation,” I exclaimed. “That’s really
strange,” (c) he replied. “Why do you say that?” I asked.
He replied, “My best friend’s uncle is Kevin Bacon!”
(C)
9.글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장 적절한 11. 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하지
곳은? 않은 것은?
Beyond this, archaeology has sometimes produced Mountains exert a mysterious power over the human
technical applications relevant to the current world. imagination. They can fascinate, terrify, invite, or repel us.
They are among the most visually exciting and dramatic
Archaeology has numerous applications. ( ① ) Establishing geological features of our planet — and, at the same time,
the archaeological record has often enabled native peoples to the most ① inhospitable. To climb a mountain is to enter
regain access to land and resources that historically belonged a world where one’s own insignificance and vulnerability are
to them. ( ②) Work in archaeology is often basic to painfully obvious — a world that is as indifferent to our desire
understanding the history of groups that left little record. to ② overcome its obstacles as it is to our survival. The beauty
(③ ) Excavations such as that done at the African Burial of mountains is equally obvious. They seem to have changing
Ground in New York City give us insight into the living moods, producing their own unique and often-violent weather
conditions of groups not well represented in the written record. and ③ altering with the seasons. This changeability, along
(④ ) Such knowledge is frequently fundamental to cultural with sheer enormity and complex topography, ④ creates the
identity. (⑤ ) For example, in Israel’s Negev Desert, in Peru, impression of a moving, living, overwhelmingly powerful being.
and in other locations, archaeological study of ancient peoples Avalanches, storms, and rockfall ⑤ weaken this impression,
has yielded information about irrigation design and raised-field resembling deliberate acts of an evil consciousness — it’s no
systems that allowed modern people to make more effective wonder that beliefs in mountain gods are so common throughout
use of the environment and raise agricultural yields. the world.
*excavation 발굴 *vulnerability 취약함 **topography 지형 ***avalanche 눈사태
35 40 편집 by 가우디아
36 영어 영역
~14] 다음 글을 읽고, 물음에 답하시오.
[12 12. 주어진 글 (A)에 이어질 내용을 순서에 맞게 배열한 것으로
(A) 가장 적절한 것은?
① (B) - (D) - (C) ② (C) - (B) - (D)
Up until the middle of the 19th century, little was known ③ (C) - (D) - (B) ④ (D) - (B) - (C)
about the nature of infectious diseases and the ways in which
they are transmitted. In the mid-eighteen hundreds, however,
⑤ (D) - (C) - (B)
an important clue emerged from the work of a Viennese doctor,
Ignaz Semmelweis. At the time, many pregnant women who
entered Vienna General Hospital, where (a) he was working,
died shortly after having given birth. Their deaths were attributed
to something called “childbed fever.”
*childbed fever 산욕열(출산 후에 생기는 열병)
(B)
(D)
of repetitions within a program. The advanced competitive In the United States, during the first part of the twentieth
individual might also add in specialized training to⑤ enhance
century,
making a
(A) increased the likelihood of home buyers
(B) purchase of houses.
speed, quickness, and agility to help accomplish their
(A) (B)
exercise-specific training goals.
① government regulation …… well-informed
*rationale 근거, 이유 **agility 민첩성 ② government regulation …… group
③ consumer organization …… group
—
clothing designers, merchandisers and consumers; grammatical Much of this genius is the product of adaptation over time
standards by grammarians and students of language; technical to a way of life and ecological niche. Collectively counting
standards by practitioners and experts in the field. ( ② ) and are now endangered —
the thousands of languages that lack widespread use of writing
this genius may
Legislators make laws, boards of directors make organizational (B) [disregard / reflect] the greatest accumulation of knowledge
policy, and licensing boards establish standards for of the natural world humans possess, rivaling, if not surpassing,
professionals. (③ ) In those cases, some authoritative body
the knowledge now recorded in scientific databases and libraries.
This comparison may strike some as unfair. Library and book
is the ultimate validating source of the standards and thus can
④
knowledge is catalogued, orderly, and it can be searched.
change the standards if it wishes. ( ) More precisely, the Traditional knowledge seems much more diffuse, messy, and
validity of moral standards depends not on authoritative likely to be forgotten. But we must not (C) [overestimate / underestimate]
it.
*ecological niche 생태적 지위 **diffuse 산만한
command but rather on the quality of the arguments or the
reasoning that supports them. ( ⑤ ) And these arguments are
(A) (B) (C)
① …… ……
derived from our historical and contemporary attempts to answer
accumulated disregard overestimate
that central question of ethics: “How are we to relate to each
② accumulated …… reflect …… overestimate
other in order to ensure that our individual and collective
③ lost …… reflect …… underestimate
well-being is enhanced?” ④ lost …… disregard …… underestimate
⑤ lost …… disregard …… overestimate
37 40 편집 by 가우디아
38 영어 영역
~7] 다음 글을 읽고, 물음에 답하시오.
[5 5.윗글의 세 번째와 네 번째 단락에 드러난 Oz의 심경으로 가장
적절한 것은?
Amos Oz, the Israeli novelist and essayist, describes an ① jealous and upset
incident that happened when (a) he was eight years old. ② thankful and moved
His father, Yehudah Klausner (Oz’s family name was ③ anxious and worried
Klausner), had published his first book, a literary study ④ bored and indifferent
entitled The Novella in Hebrew Literature. Excited at the ⑤ curious and frightened
book’s publication, Oz’s father would go each day to the
local bookstore to see if any of the three copies on display
had been sold. For many days, no copies sold, and his
father’s sorrow “filled the apartment like a smell.”
(A) (B)
① abudant …… diverse
② abudant …… pest-resistant
③ localized …… diverse
④ fixed …… pest-resistant
⑤ fixed …… natural
9.글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장 적절한 11. 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하지
곳은? 않은 것은?
In tension with this claim, it is also often said that American Though most bees fill their days visiting flowers and collecting
liberalism itself is defective, that it contains internal pollen, some bees take advantage of the hard work of others.
contradictions, and that these contradictions are exposed These thieving bees sneak into the nest of an ① unsuspecting
by its treatment of race. “normal” bee (known as the host), lay an egg near the pollen
mass being gathered by the host bee for her own offspring,
The relationship between liberalism as a theory of politics
and then sneak back out. When the egg of the thief hatches,
and liberalism as it has been enacted in practice is complex
and disputed. ( ① ) There is very often a gap between liberal
it kills the host’s offspring and then eats the pollen meant
②
ideals and liberal practice. ( ② ) To take an example, it is
for its predator. Sometimes called brood parasites, these
bees are also referred to as cuckoo bees, because they are
sometimes said of liberalism in America that, with respect
to race, it has repeatedly failed to live up to its own ideals.
③ similar to cuckoo birds, which lay an egg in the nest of
(C)
13. 밑줄 친 (a)∼(e) 중에서 가리키는 대상이 나머지 넷과 다른
After a first test during a training game, the Florida head 것은?
coach asked Cade to make up enough of the magic drink
to fuel (c) his team the next day as they took on heavily
① (a) ② (b) ③ (c) ④ (d) ⑤ (e)
favored Louisiana State. Drinking their secret weapon
throughout a 102-degree day, the Florida football team came
from behind to win 14 7. –
(D)