Ferdinand Magellan and The First Voyage Around The World TG PDF
Ferdinand Magellan and The First Voyage Around The World TG PDF
Ferdinand Magellan and The First Voyage Around The World TG PDF
STUDENT PREPARATION
STUDENT OBJECTIVES
2. Explain how Magellan was able to pay for the ships and crew
he needed to cross the Atlantic.
3. Describe the route taken by the ships of Magellan’s expedition.
4. Describe some of the hardships the explorers had to endure.
5. Explain the importance of the first voyage around the world.
FOLLOW-UP DISCUSSION
FOLLOW-UP ACTIVITIES
Blackline Masters
The following blackline master activities are included with this
guide. An Answer Key appears on page 5.
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ANSWER KEY
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Matching
b-1 d-6
c-2 e-7
a-3 h-8
g-4 j-9
f-5 i-10
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The man seen here was one of the greatest explorers of all time.
His name was Ferdinand Magellan. He was the person who
planned and led one of the most dangerous and deadly expeditions
in history–the first voyage around the world.
Magellan was born during a time when the world was just starting
to be explored by men in sailing ships. As a matter of fact, when
Magellan was only eight years old, explorers from Portugal had
just become the first Europeans to reach the southern tip of Africa,
a feat that made them the greatest explorers of their time
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And so, in the year 1517, Magellan traveled to the nearby country
of Spain to the palace of the king, and soon Magellan convinced
the Spanish king, Charles the First, that his country could get
much richer if it could find a better trade route to Asia, and that
was why the king decided to give him everything he needed to
sail around the world
It took three years, from 1517 to 1519, for Magellan to get the
king’s approval, as well as the ships and supplies he needed for
his voyage, but it is interesting to look at a few of the big changes
that were taking place in the world at that time.
And in 1518, here in the small villages of the New World, hundreds
of native people were starting to die from diseases accidently
carried across the Atlantic Ocean by Europeans.
But they hadn’t been at sea very long before some of the crewmen
started complaining about how Magellan was running things, and
soon the problems got so bad that Magellan had to arrest one of
his captains for not following orders. But in spite of these
problems, they went on. For a while, it was stormy crossing the
Atlantic, then there was no wind and they couldn’t sail, but
eventually they reached the coast of South America.
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They headed down the coast until they got to the harbor of Rio de
Janeiro, which is in present-day Brazil, and they stayed there for
two weeks. Then they sailed far to the south, and began to search
for a way around the tip of South America.
But winter was coming and bad weather and stormy seas forced
Magellan to stop exploring and spend the winter months anchored
in a harbor, just waiting for the weather to get better.
They say that Magellan cried tears of joy when he finally did
find the way, but the narrow strait he found, now called the “Strait
of Magellan,” was very rocky and the sailors had to keep testing
to make sure the water was deep enough, and, as they went further
into the strait, one of his ships deserted the fleet and headed back
to Spain.
Then they sailed on for over three months without seeing any
land except for two uninhabited islands. During this time, the
sailors grew more and more afraid of what might happen to them.
Not only were they afraid of being lost at sea, but they also worried
about starving. Then their water got so bad that it tasted way too
awful to drink. The sailors also got a disease called “scurvy,” and
to keep from dying, they had to eat the rats that lived on the
ships, as well as leather hides and even sawdust.
And so, during these long months at sea, with nothing but water
all around them, nineteen crewmembers died. But, finally, in early
March of 1521, they reached the tropical island we now know as
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Guam. Here they found enough fresh water and food to carry
them as far as the islands now called the Philippines. But in the
Philippines, it wasn’t long before a horrible thing happened,
because Magellan and many of his sailors were killed in a terrible
battle between two native tribes.
After that, only 110 men were still alive, and, because there were
so few crewmembers, only two ships out of the three that remained
could be taken when they left to find the Spice Islands. And even
though the explorers weren’t very far from the Spice Islands, they
got lost after sailing in the wrong direction, but, after turning
around, they finally got there.
In the Spice Islands, the ships were loaded with spices, and then
the explorers decided that one ship, the Trinidad, should try to
get to the Spanish colony of Panama by sailing east back across
the Pacific Ocean while the other ship, the Victoria, should sail
west across the Indian Ocean, around Africa and on to Europe.
And, after the two ships headed off in different directions, once
again the explorers suffered from hunger and sickness, and then
the Trinidad was forced to return to the Spice Islands after half
the crew died, but, early in September of the year 1522, the
Victoria finally made it to Europe, when it sailed into the Spanish
harbor it had left from almost three years before. And, by then,
only 18 men were still left alive out of the 241 who had begun
the expedition.
And even though the great explorer Magellan never lived to see
this day, the few that survived had managed to do what no one
had ever done before: they had sailed about 50,000 miles or 83,000
kilometers, all the way around the world, and they not only proved
that Asia could be reached by sailing west from Europe, they had
also proven for the first time in history that the world is round!
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Name ___________________
Date ____________________
FERDINAND MAGELLAN AND
THE FIRST VOYAGE AROUND THE WORLD
Pre-Test
1. Magellan crossed the Atlantic Ocean hoping to find a faster way to the Spice Islands. _______
2. Back in Magellan's time, many of the native people of the New World were dying from diseases carried
across the Atlantic by Europeans. _____
3. Mexico was being conquered by the Spanish at the same time Spanish ships were trying to circle the globe.
______
4. Before Magellan's time, as far as we know, no one had ever sailed west across the Pacific Ocean. _____
5. Magellan died without ever completing his voyage around the world. _____
2. TRUE OR FALSE? When Magellan was a child, he was trained to be a knight. _____
3. TRUE OR FALSE? Columbus made his first trip across the Atlantic before Magellan was born. _____
4. TRUE OR FALSE? Only one ship out Magellan's original fleet of five made it back to Spain. _____
5. TRUE OR FALSE? Magellan was the first European to find a sea route around the tip of South America.
_____
Cape of Good Hope: The southern tip of Africa. expedition: To go off on a voyage or a march for a
definite purpose, such as exploration, or to go to
Catholic: A person who follows the Roman Catholic battle.
religion.
Far East: The eastern parts of Asia.
circumnavigation: Sailing around something.
Magellan's ship, the Victoria, sailed around, or circum- fleet: A group of ships under the command of one
navigated, the world. person.
Columbus, Christopher (1451-1506): The explorer Guam: The first inhabited island Magellan came to
who sailed for Spain and went back and forth across after crossing the western Pacific.
the Atlantic Ocean four times between 1492 and 1504
searching, without success, for a western route to Asia. knight: A military servant of the king. A person
trained in the arts of war and horsemanship.
colony: A group of people who settle in a distant land
but stay under the rule of their orginal homeland. Luther, Martin (1483-1546): A German priest who
broke away from the Catholic Church in 1517 to
Cortez, Hernando (1485-1547): The Spanish con- found the first Protestant religion.
queror of Mexico.
Magellan, Ferdinand (1480-1521): The explorer
Cuba: The largest island in the Caribbean Sea. Cortez who was born in Portugal but led the Spanish expedi-
and his soldiers (the Conquistadors) left from the tion to find a western route to the Spice Islands. One
Spanish colony of Cuba to conquer Mexico in 1519. ship from this expedition, the Victoria, actually made
it around the world.
da Gama, Vasco (1469-1524): The Portuguese ex-
plorer who sailed around Africa and reached India in Native Americans: The native people of North and
1498. Vasco da Gama discovered the first sea route South America.
from Europe to the eastern parts of Asia. Because of
Vasco da Gama, Portugal, not Spain, began to control navigation: The science of finding out where a ship is
the trade between Asia and Europe. at sea.
navigational instruments: The instruments that Spice Islands: Also called the Molucca Islands, which
sailors use to find out where their ships are at sea; were ruled by Portugal in Magellan's time, and lay
navigational instruments help sailors keep from southeast of the Asian mainland. Spices were produced
getting lost. there that were sold in Europe for high prices.
New World: A term first used by the explorer strait: A narrow waterway connecting two large
Amerigo Vespucci to describe the continent of South bodies of water.
America, which he believed was a new, undiscovered,
continent. Later the term "New World" meant North Straight of Magellan: The waterway Magellan
and South America and their islands. discovered through the islands at the tip of South
America, which he used to go from the Atlantic to the
pacific: A word that means "peaceful.” Magellan gave Pacific Ocean.
that name to the ocean he entered after sailing out of
the Strait of Magellan, because it seemed so smooth traders: People whose business it is to trade one thing
compared to the rough waters he had just passed for another as a way of making a living.
through.
Trinidad: The name of the ship from Magellan's expe-
Philippines: A large group of Pacific islands east of dition that tried to get to Panama from the Spice Islands.
Asia that lay between Taiwan and Borneo. Magellan The Trinidad never made it and half its crew died trying,
died on the Philippine island of Cebu in 1521. so the Trinidad returned to the Spice Islands, where
those left alive were imprisoned by the Portuguese.
porcelain: A kind of pottery made in China.
Protestants: Christian religions that orginally formed uninhabited: A place where no one lives.
by breaking away from the Catholic Church.
Victoria: The only remaining ship out of the five
Rio de Janeiro: A city on the coast of Brazil that has that started Magellan's great expedition that made it all
a beautiful harbor. the way around the world.
Roman Catholicism: The largest, and one of the voyage: A long trip, especially at sea.
oldest, Christian faiths which is headed by the pope in
Rome. The Spanish missionaries were Roman Catho-
winter: The coldest season of the year. In the southern
lics.
hemisphere the winter months are the same as the
scurvy: A disease that can affect people who go for summer months in the northern hemisphere. For
too long without eating fresh fruit and vegetables. example, July may be very cold at the tip of South
Scurvy is caused by a lack of vitamin C. It causes America and very warm in North America.
weakness, loose teeth, and bloody gums.
1. From the Vocabulary List, find the names of three explorers who crossed the Atlantic Ocean.
2. From the Vocabulary List, find the names of three different places visited by Magellan during his great
voyage.
3. From the Vocabulary List, find the name of the disease many of Magellan's sailors got.
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2
2
3
3
1
4
ACROSS
1. When Magellan was 12 years old, a man named Christopher __________ sailed across the Atlantic Ocean.
2. When Magellan was young, the richest people in Europe lived in _______________.
3. Magellan named the ____________ Ocean, which means “peaceful” ocean.
4. The ______________ was the only one of Magellan's ships to sail around the world.
5. The narrow waterway Magellan found around South America is now called the ____________ of Magellan.
6. A few months before Magellan left to sail around the world, Cortez and his Spanish soldiers had left to
capture the Aztec country of _____________ .
DOWN
1. The explorer ____________ da Gama discovered a sea route from Europe to India.
2. A group of ships under the command of one person is called a ___________.
3. Magellan was killed in the islands now known as the ____________________.
4. Magellan hoped to get to the ___________ Islands by sailing around the tip of South America.
1488 Portuguese explorers led by Bartholomeu Dias reach the southern tip of Africa.
1492 Columbus crosses the Atlantic Ocean for the first time.
1493-96 Columbus's second voyage. He returns from Spain to the New World with 1500 people (all men) in
17 ships to found a Spanish colony.
1497 An explorer from England named John Cabot reaches the coastline of North America.
1497-1499 The Portuguese explorer Vasco da Gama reaches India in 1498 by sailing around Africa. He be
comes the first person to find a sea route from Europe to the eastern parts of Asia. Because of this,
Portugal, not Spain, came to control the rich trade in spices, silks, jewels, and porcelains of Asia.
1499-1500 Amerigo Vespucci explores the coast of South America and believes that it is an undiscovered
continent, which he names the "New World."
1502-1504 Columbus's last voyage. He sails south of Cuba hoping to find a way to the Indian Ocean and Asia.
He explores along the coast of Central America. He is in a shipwreck and stays lost for a year.
1505 Magellan goes to sea for the first time and sails to India.
1509 Magellan sails to Maylasia. Magellan helps to rescue some of his companions after they are attacked.
1513 Magellan sails home to Portugal then goes to fight in Morocco where he is wounded..
1514 Magellan takes his plan for sailing west to the Spice Islands to the king of Portugal. The king refuses
to help him.
1517 Magellan goes to Spain. The German priest Martin Luther starts the first Protestant religion
1518 The Spanish king decides to help Magellan by giving him the ships and men for his voyage. Native
people in the New World begin to die in large numbers from European diseases.
1519 Cortez sails off to conquer Mexico. Magellan leaves Spain, sailing west to the Spice Islands.
1520 Magellan is in South America. He finds the Strait of Magellan and enters the Pacific Ocean.
1521 Magellan is killed in the Philippines, but two of his ships, the Victoria and the Trinidad, reach the Spice
Islands.
1522 The Victoria returns to Spain with 18 men aboard and becomes the first ship to sail around the world.
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Name ___________________
Date ____________________
FERDINAND MAGELLAN AND
THE FIRST VOYAGE AROUND THE WORLD
Using Math to Learn About Magellan
Directions: Use the information in the following math problems to answer the questions. Show your computa-
tions in the spaces provided.
1. Magellan left Spain with 5 ships and 241 men. If each ship held the same number of men, what would that
number be?
2. Antonio Pigafetta, the man who kept a record of the first voyage around the world, thought they had traveled
50,000 miles. They were gone three years and part of that time they weren't sailing.
A. If they sailed just 200 days per year, how many miles would they have traveled on an average day?
B. Since there are 24 hours in a day, how many miles per hour would they have been going?
Fill-In-The-Blanks
Directions: Fill in the blank with the correct word or words to complete the sentence.
1. Magellan, like most other explorers of his time, was searching for a shorter route to the eastern parts of
_____________________.
2. The first voyage around the world took almost ___________________________ years.
3. Magellan became a great explorer not only because he had spent so much time at sea, but also because he had
studied ________________________ and ___________________________.
4. Explorers from the country of _________________________ reached the southern tip of Africa when
Magellan was only eight years old.
Matching
Directions: Number the following events 1 through 10 in the order they occurred, with 1 happening the earliest
and 10 happening the latest.