Carbon Steels: Hot-Rolled Steel Strip
Carbon Steels: Hot-Rolled Steel Strip
Carbon Steels: Hot-Rolled Steel Strip
Non-slit
Slit
Cut sheets
Carbon steels
Data sheet • August 2013
Carbon steels as hot-rolled strip for direct processing or cold rolling are typically intended for heat
treatment in order to achieve the desired processing and component properties.
p Case-hardening steels
for components with high toughness and hard wearing surfaces.
Supply according to EN 10084 (EN 10132-2 for cold rollers)
p Heat-treatable steels
Unalloyed or alloyed for hardness and toughness as required.
Supply according to EN 10083, Parts 1–3 (EN 10132-3 +4 for cold rollers)
p Spring steels
Springs, components with high abrasion resistance and rigidity.
Supply according to EN 10089
C a rbo n s te e l s da ta s he e t • 0 8 /2 0 1 3
The carbon content for optimized machining and forming lies between 0.10% and 0.20%. In order to
achieve the desired properties, a high degree of hardness in the case and usually a tough core, the
surface area must be enriched with carbon, hardened and perhaps tempered or stress-relieved. Carbon
enrichment is accomplished in the course of component manufacturing by means of carburization.
Carbonitriding is carried out when nitrogen enrichment is required.
Heat-treatable steels
EN 10083 differentiates between unalloyed heat-treatable steels (Part 2) and alloyed heat-treatable steels
(Part 3). Heat treatment is required in order to adjust the desired component properties, mostly an opti-
mized combination of strength and toughness:
2
p
Normalizing
p
Quench hardening and tempering
Spring steels
EN 10089 describes spring steels as materials that are suitable in quenched and tempered condition for
the manufacturing of spring components of all kinds. The resiliency of components made of such steels
is based on their modulus of elasticity, which can only be influenced by alloying and heat treatment,
and on their high yield strength. The desired properties are achieved through higher weight percen-
tages of carbon and alloying constituents such as silicon, manganese, chromium, molybdenum or vana-
dium as well as by heat treatment in the form of hardening and tempering.
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Hardness [HRC]
40
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Case-hardening steels according to EN 10084
C Si Mn P S Cr Ni Mo V
Steel grade max. max. max. max. max. max.
C10E 0.07–0.13 0.40 0.30–0.60 0.035 0.035 – – – –
3
C Si Mn P S Cr Ni Mo V
Steel grade max. max. max. max. max.
C35E 0.32–0.39 0.40 0.50–0.80 0.030 0.035 1) 0.40 0.40 0.10 –
C75S 2)
0.70–0.80 0.15–0.35 0.60–0.90 0.025 0.025 0.40 0.40 0.10 –
C Si Mn P S Cr Ni Mo V
Steel grade max. max. max. max.
25CrMo4 0.22–0.29 0.40 0.60–0.90 0.025 0.035 1) 0.90–1.20 – 0.15–0.30 –
C Si Mn P S Cr Ni Mo V
Steel grade max. max. max. max. max.
51CRV4 0.47–0.55 0.40 0.70–1.10 0.025 0.025 1) 0.90–1.20 – – 0.10–0.25
1)
Lower sulfur content possible upon request.
2)
Steel grade according to EN10132-4 (standard for cold-rolled strip)
The listed steel grades are an excerpt from our production range. Further steel grades defined by national
and international standards and special analyses according to customer specifications are also available
upon request.
Steel grade table of comparison
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Case-hardening steels
4
C35E 1.1181 EN 10083 Part 2 1035
Spring steels
Special steels
68NiCrMo3 8667/8667mod
72NiCrMo4-2 8670
75CrNiMo –
75Cr1 1.2003 –
3)
he microscopic degree of purity of KaR4 max. 40 according to EN 10084, Appendix C, is not guaranteed. The guaranteed value for these
T
steel grades is KaR4 (Ox.) max. 350 (according to EN 10247). Higher degrees of purity are available upon request.
Mechanical properties: Tensile test
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Indicative values depending on as-delivered condition
As-rolled Annealed
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C50E 490 830 600
Carbon steels are usually supplied in as-delivered condition without any guarantee of mechanical
properties. Guaranteed values are subject to a separate agreement.
Soft-annealed as-delivered condition upon request. An agreement can also be made to define the
degree of spheroidization.
Dimensions
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Examples of maximum width per thickness; additional dimensions and minimum order quantities upon request
Thickness [mm]
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C55E / C55S 1200 1350 1500 1620 1620 1620 1620
Dimensional tolerances
Dimensional tolerances of the hot-rolled strip comply with EN10051. With respect to the thickness,
50% of the tolerance according to EN 10 051 (when measured 25 mm in from the cut edge) is gua-
ranteed. Narrower thickness tolerances are possible upon request. A very flat strip shape (crown)
is decisive for a number of further processing steps (such as cold rolling). Dimensions and material
properties are subject to agreement.
Information and product properties provided in this publication have the sole purpose of giving non-binding technical guidance and by no means
replace individual expert advice from our sales and customer service team. Information and product properties provided in this brochure shall not be
deemed guaranteed characteristics unless this has been agreed upon individually. Technical changes reserved, errors and misprints excepted. No
part of this publication may be reprinted without explicit written permission by voestalpine Stahl GmbH.
General information about material properties
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Chemical composition
The basis for achievement of the desired hardness values after heat treatment is the chemical compo-
sition. The carbon content influences achievable hardness, and alloying elements such as manganese,
chromium and molybdenum influence the through hardenability. The indicated analysis boundaries ap-
ply to the ladle analysis. A number of modifications to the chemical composition are available for several
grades. Further steels not included in the list can be supplied upon request according to standards and
individual customer specifications.
Mechanical properties
Carbon steels are generally manufactured according the specified chemical composition without any
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guarantee of mechanical properties in the as-delivered condition of the hot-strip pre-material. The pro-
perties of the hot-rolled strip are determined in large part by the cooling strategy used. This especially
applies to the formation of pearlite.
As-delivered condition
Depending on customer requirements and further processing steps, the following as-delivered conditions
can be supplied for a wide range of steel grades:
As-rolled condition with largely fine-lamellar pearlite, such as for optimized microstructure
p
during spheroidizing-annealing
As-rolled condition with largely globular pearlite, for example, in lower-strength steels in
p
as-delivered condition
Soft-annealed: Batch annealing without guaranteed level of spheroidization
p
Spheroidized-annealed: Batch annealing with guaranteed level of spheroidization according
p
to grade upon request
Degree of purity
The carbon steels produced at voestalpine Stahl GmbH with reduced sulfur and phosphorus content
(special steels according to EN 10020). This is in view of the microscopic degree of purity and formation
of segregations. Requirements with regard to the degree of purity can be met upon request according to
EN 10247 (DIN 50602), ASTM E 45, ISO 4967.
Graphitization
Undesirable graphite precipitation can result from carbon content above 0.50%. This precipitation de-
pends on the chemical composition in combination with a high cold-rolling ratio and long annealing cy-
cles. In order to avoid the tendency toward this precipitation, an agreement should be made with respect
to chemical composition (especially in order to determine lower Al content or Cr and/or Mn alloying).