CULTURAL HERITAGE

is the legacy of physical artifacts and intangible attributes of a group or society that are
inherited from past generations, maintained in the present and preserved for the benefit
of future generations.

TANGIBLE AND INTANGIBLE HERITAGE

There are two types of Cultural Heritage: TANGIBLE AND INTANGIBLE
CULTURAL HERITAGE

Tangible Cultural Heritage – talks about the form of structures, monuments,

historical sites, and other artifacts.
- Tangible heritage can be classified into two: (Movable and Immovable)

Intangible Cultural Heritage – talks about the literature or the non-material

cultural heritage.

In this video we will focus more on the intangible cultural heritage of our country – THE
PHILIPPINES!

INTANGIBLE HERITAGE IN THE PHILIPPINES

Intangible heritage talks about the literature, oral traditions, concepts, and values
that are widely accepted and practiced from our ancestors up until the present
generation.

It also deals with festive events, knowledge and practices concerning nature and
the universe or the knowledge skills to produce traditional crafts.

Here in the Philippines there are a lot of intangible heritage that up until now is
being recognized and is practice by Filipinos.

These are some examples of Intangible Cultural Heritage in the Philippines and
its history!

Pinoy Games
Traditional Filipino Games or Indigenous games in the Philippines (Tagalog: Laro ng
Lahi) are games commonly played by children, usually using native materials or
instruments. In the Philippines, due to limited resources of toys for Filipino children, they
usually invent games without the need of anything but the players themselves.
Here are some examples of Traditional Filipino Games

Patintero
Patintero is derived from Spanish word tinte ("tint" or "ink") in reference to the drawn
lines. Another name for it is tubigan, tubiganay, or tubig-tubig ("water [game]"), due to
the fact that the grid lines are also commonly drawn by wetting the ground with water. It
is also known as harangang-taga or harang-taga (lit. "block and catch"), referring to the
game mechanics.

This game is played by boys and girls, ages 5 to 10 years old in mixed teams. Adults
though tend to rank themselves according to sex. There are two sets of this game. One
requires six players to a team while the other needs eight players. The game is played
outdoor at anytime of the day and at night when the moon is out.

Tagu-Taguan
Taguan, most commonly known as “hide and seek” is the worlds most basic and most
popular type of children’s game to exist up to the modern time. Apparently this have
also been a local game in the Philippines but these local games are now starting to
decline from existence due to technological advances and exposure to the children. In
any case, this local game itself has made an impact to both the history of human kind
and also to the future of the modern child.

This game has no limit to both boys and girls of ages between 5 to 15. This is played
outdoors during daytime and on moonlit nights. The game starts in an unidentified base
where the ‘it’ closes his eyes and counts to 100 while the other players start hiding.
After the count, the ‘it’ start looking for the rest of the players. Once found, one is
automatically out of the game. In some provinces though, once a player is found, the ‘it’
will have to run to the base and touch it while the found player tries to beat him to it.
When the found player beats the ‘it,’ he remains ‘it’ until everyone else is located.

Larong Piko
This traditional game of "Piko" or "Hopscotch" is among the popular streetgames during
the early 80's. Usually played by girls in elementary school or after the school in streets.

Playing "piko" is very simple. All you need to have is marker usually "chalk"or "crayola"
or anything than can be use to draw lines in the concrete ground. Some plays in plain
ground, a sandy loam soil, and draws the mark using a stick. You need also a "pamato"
or pucks for this game, this is usually a flat stone or part of broken pot.

Those are just some examples of the tradition Filipino games. Now let’s move on to
another example of an intangible heritage – COURTSHIP

FOLKWAYS
COURTSHIP

Panliligaw or ligawan are the Tagalog terms for courtship, which in some
parts of the Tagalog-speaking regions is synonymous with pandidiga or digahan (from
Spanish diga, 'to say, express'). Manliligaw is the one who courts a girl; nililigawan is
the one who is being courted.

Traditional courtship in the Philippines is described as a "far more

subdued and indirect"[1] approach compared to Western or Westernized cultures. It
involves "phases" or "stages" inherent to Philippine society and culture.[1][2]

We Filipinos are very romantic when it comes to heart affairs. Serenading or Harana in
Tagalog is one of the most popular forms of courtship to show that a man is very
serious with his intentions to a woman. A serenade would require the young man to sing
a love song in front of the young lady's house. Normally, he is accompanied by his male
friends who act as back-up singers. The man himself or his friend played the instrument,
usually a guitar, which provides the background music to his song.

They would have to wait until the young lady opened a window to listen. It would be up
to her if she wanted to invite them in for some refreshment and to chat after the song.
Even if they had been asked to come in, the suitor would not expect that he could have
the chance of a private moment with his object of affection. It was highly likely that the
parents would also be there to entertain the man and his friend

Courtship in the Philippines is still being practiced by a few but because the generation
nowadays, it continues to fade.

Let’s hop on to PHILIPPINE SUPERSTITIONS!

PHILIPPINE SUPERSTITIONS
Folk beliefs, otherwise known as "superstitious beliefs", form part of a people's
value system and culture. They basically reflect the customs, traditions, and mores of a
group, which may be based on religious beliefs, opinions, old or popular practices.
They also tell of how a people view the unknown and the means to appease the gods
that control the future.

Filipinos have a number of folk beliefs about life, family, luck, wealth, etc.. The Tagalog
terms for folk beliefs and superstitions are: paniniwala (beliefs), kasabihan ng mga
matatanda(what the old people say), and pamahiin (superstitions).

These are examples of Philippine Superstitions (Pamahiin) that is widely known in the
Philippines

1. Mga Pahiwatig (Omens)

Ang isang itim na pusa na dumaan sa iyong nilalakaran ay masamang pahiwatig. Ang
itim na pusa demonyo na nag-ibang anyo. (A black cat crossing your path is a bad
omen. A black cat is a demon in disguise.)

2. Mga Dapat at Di Dapat Gawin (Dos and Don'ts)

Kapag ikaw ay nahiga na nakaharap sa pintuan ang iyong mga paa, ito ay magdadala
sa iyo maagang kamatayan. (Lying down with your feet facing the door will bring you
an early death.)

1. Mga Bilang (Numbers)

Kapag tatlong tao ang nagpapakuha ng larawan, ang taong nasa gitna ang siyang
unang mamamatay. (When three people pose for a photo, the one in the middle will be
the first to die.)

Many of these pamahiin are still being passed on and is still believed widely in the
Philippines but some do not. No matter what, the Filipinos’ superstitions will always be
acknowledged in the country.

And finally the last Intangible Heritage that we will share is the use of “Po and Opo” and
“Mano po”
MANO (GESTURE) AND THE USE OF “PO & OPO”
Mano or Pagmamano is an "honoring-gesture" used in Filipino culture performed as a
sign of respect to elders and as a way of requesting a blessing from the elder. Usually
performed with the right hand, the person showing respect may ask Mano po to the
elder in order to ask permission to initiate the gesture. Typically someone may mano to
his or her older relatives upon entry into their home or upon seeing them

Due to its geographical location and years of colonization, the Filipino culture has been
heavily influenced by Eastern and Western customs and traditions. From youth,
Filipinos are taught to respect the elders not only within their families but those in their
communities as well, be they strangers or relatives. Filipinos believe that the elders
have earned the respect of the younger generations not only through their age, but
through their acquired wisdom and experiences

Po and opo

Similar to the mano po gesture, po and opo are also distinctly Filipino ways of showing
respect to one’s elders.[4] The po is usually affixed to the end of sentences or phrases
when one is addressing someone older than him or her. For example, paumanhin in
Filipino means sorry. To an elder, one would say paumanhin po, The word po alone
does not really have its own meaning but adds formality and is used as a sign of
respect. This is why it is affixed to mano and thus is said as mano po when one is
requesting for the blessing of an elder.

The examples given are all intangible cultural heritage that can be seen and is being
practiced in the Philippines. Each country in the whole world have different intangible
heritage that they proudly do. That’s all for now, and I hope that you learned some
intangible cultural heritage in the Philippines, ‘til next time!
REFERENCES:

http://ncca.gov.ph/about-culture-and-arts/in-focus/traditional-games-
in-the-philippines/

 Larong Pinoy Advocacy Laro ng Lahi Advocacy

"Old-Fashioned Filipino Games". Ethnic Groups Philippines. Retrieved 29 June 2018

https://devcomcreatives.wordpress.com/2012/08/14/taguan/

http://noypicollections.blogspot.com/2011/07/larong-piko-or-hopscotch.html

Filipino Courtship Customs – How to court a Filipina, asiandatingzone.com

http://www.seasite.niu.edu/tagalog/love.htm

https://www.vigattintourism.com/tourism/articles/Filipino-Customs-and-Traditions

http://www.seasite.niu.edu/tagalog/folk_beliefs/filipino_folk_beliefs.htm

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mano_(gesture)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cultural_heritage